A-partition Of Bengal (1905)(1).pdf 6h4i6a

Lecture’s Outline

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Partition of Bengal (1905) Introduction  The proposal of Bengal partition was given by Lord Chales (1853), Lord Dalhousie (1854) and Sir George Campbell (1872).  Bengal was biggest provice in India with an area of 1,89,000 sq. km. and a population of 86 million.  Lt. Governor was Sir Andrew Fraser.  Sec. of state was John Brodrick .  Viceroy was Lord Curzon.  Partition of Bengal was announced in July 1905 and enforced on October 16, 1905. Causes behind partition  To big size made it difficult for one Lt. Governor to istrate the province.  Lack of facilities of communication.  Deterioration of agriculture in East Bengal owing to the attitude of the Hindu Landlords of the West Bengal.  High rate of crimes.  Educational differences in East and West Bengal.  Monopoly of Hindus in trade.  Difference of language (Hindi and Muslmani), culture and civilization. Partition plane  Eastern wing consisted of East Bengal and Aasam with a total population of 32 million and area of 106540 sq.km.  Total Muslim population in this wing was 18 million and Hindu population was 12 million. www.csspmspk.com . 0304-9802101, 0310-3204555

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 Lt. Governor was Sir Bampfylde Fuller.  Its capital was Decca.  Western wing consisted of West Bengal and Bihar with the total population of 54 million and area of 82460 sq.km.  Total Hindu population in this wing was 42 million and Muslim population was 12 million.  Lt. Governor was Sir Andrew Fraser.  Its capital was Kolkatta. Response of Muslims    

It brought layer of happiness among the Muslims. Muslims overnight turned in to majority. Muslims were free from restraints of the Hindus. They were in better condition to work for socio-economic uplift of the Muslims.  Muslims organized themselves politically.

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Response of Hindus  Hindus strongly condemned the partition.  They regarded partition as “Degrading and and insult to the national character of Hindu population”.  They termed partition as “Vivisection of mother India”.  Criticism in annual session of Congress in 1906.  It was opposed by Hindu capitalists and businessmen class.  Hindu lawyers opposed the partition because of the transfer of provincial High court to Decca.  Hindu press opposed the partition.  Hindu started Swadeshi movement.  Governor’s train was derailed.

Annulment of Bengal partition (1911)

Owing to the strong opposition of Hindus, John Jenkins (member of executive council), in June 1911, made a proposal for the reversal of the partition and transfer of capital from Kolkatta to Delhi a secret memorandum was submitted by the Viceroy Lord Harding to the seceratary of state Lord Crewe, who got it approved from His Majesties’ government and creation of new Bengal presidency was ordered by King George-V. while at Delhi in coronation Darbar on 12 December 1911.

“The most settled of all the settled issues was unsettled by the announcement made by the King at Delhi” (Sir Shafiq-ur-Rehman)

During annulment, Rabinlamath Tagore wrote a poem against the annulment in 1912, Amar Shonar Bengla, which became national anthem of Bangladesh in 1972. www.csspmspk.com . 0304-9802101, 0310-3204555

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