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Caring in Nursing Practice NPN 100 Joyce Smith RN, BSN

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What is Caring? • Central focus of nursing • More difficult in today’s fast pace health care • Legalities of any aspect of health care has made the aspect of caring appear missing to the client • Technology have made some things easier but has increased time spent away from the client • We see many clients who the way it was 25-30 years ago • With these changes we must make sure that we hold the caring and comion along side the knowledge 2

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Theoretical Views on Caring • A universal phenomenon that influences the way we think, feel, and behave • Studied from a variety of philosophical and ethical perspectives since the time of Florence Nightingale – Patricia Benner – Benner and Wrubel 3

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The Essence of Nursing and Health • Madeleine Leininger (1978) • Caring is: – Essential for well-being, health, growth, survival, and facing handicap or death • Trans cultural perspective – Caring is essential for health and survival – Caring is expressed in different ways in many cultures

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Transpersonal Caring • Jean Watson’s theory of caring (1979, 1988a, 1988b, 1995, 1999, 2003) – Focuses on individuals and meaning for their quality of life – Caring involves sensitivity, respect, and high moral and ethical commitment – Places care before cure – Caring becomes the ethical standard by which we measure nursing – Caring preserves human dignity – Caring is a choice – Emphasis on nurse-patient relationship 5

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Swanson’s Theory of Caring • A composite of three studies • Defines caring as – A nurturing way of relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility

• A central nursing phenomenon

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Swanson’s Theory of Caring—cont’d • • • • •

Knowing Being with Doing for Enabling Maintaining belief

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Can You Learn Caring Behaviors? • Some of you already do caring behaviors • You may have learned as a part of your values and experiences • As you continue as a student you may learn new and different ways to care for others • You will improve those behaviors as you work toward being an expert nurse 8

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Providing Presence • Person-to-person encounters – Eye – Body language – Tone of voice – Listening – A positive and encouraging attitude • must have and openness and understanding

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Comforting • Provides both an emotional and physical calm • The use of touch • “Doing for” as you want done for yourself

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Touch • Used as a comforting approach to reach out and communicate • Involves and non • Can be – Task oriented – Caring – Protective – to prevent an injury 11

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Listening • • • • •

Conveys full attention and interest Creates trust and communication Is not a task Involves reaching out to another Can be difficult at times

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Knowing the Patient • A central aspect of nursing practice that develops in the everyday practical work of patient care • The core of clinical decision making • More than just collecting clinical data

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Spiritual Caring • Spiritual health is achieved when a person finds a balance between life values, goals, and belief systems and those of others. • Watson (1979) describes the caring relationship in a spiritual sense • Spirituality offers a sense of connectedness. – Intrapersonally, interpersonally, and trans personally

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Family Care • Individuals experience life through relationships with others. • Caring does not occur in isolation from a patient’s family. • Family is an important resource.

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CHALLENGE OF CARING • You may have decided to go into nursing because you care • You will have the responsibility to maintain the caring nature of nursing • Begin here by developing that relationship with other students and the carry that over into your career 16

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