Catalog 3q292v
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Our Marketing & Sales Staff
LAKASA
Jason Lee 016-337 2528 Michael Lee 016-311 2387
Commitment:
“To deliver best quality product & service at the most competitive price”
Content
Page
Environment Quality Act, 1974
2
Article Extract (Waste Water Treatment)
3
Type of Stainless Steel & Comparison
4
LAKASA Biomatic Grease Interceptor
5–7
LAKASA Biomatic Liquid Enzyme
8–9
LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit (ADU)
10 – 11
LAKASA Sediment Interceptor
12
LAKASA Floor Sediment Trap
12
Installation for LAKASA Grease and sediment Interceptor & Floor Sediment Trap
13
LAKASA Oil Interceptor
14 – 17
LAKASA Neutralization Tank
18 – 19
SIRIM Test – Neutralization Tank
20
# Local Authority Approval letters & SIRIM Test Reports & Project Reference List are compiled separately. #
As product improvement is an ongoing process and in pursuit of excellence, LAKASA reserves the right to change specification or design without prior notice.
Updated November 2013
1
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Environmental Quality Act, 1974 (Sewage and Industrial Effluents Regulations) 1.
First Schedule List of Discharges to which These Regulations Do NOT Apply Processing of oil-palm fruit or oil-palm fresh fruit bunches into crude palm oil, whether as an intermediate or final product; Processing of natural rubber in technically specified form, latex form including prevulcanised or the form of modified and special purpose rubber, conventional sheet, skim or scrap rubber; Mining activities; Processing, manufacturing, washing or servicing of any other products or goods : i. That produce effluent of less than 60 cubic metres (13,000 imperial gallons) per day ; ii. That the effluent of which does not contain those contaminants listed as parameters (vi) to (xvi) in the first column of the Third Schedule ; iii. Where the total load of biochemical oxygen demand of the effluent fixed at 20 degree centigrade for 5 days or suspended solid or both, shall not exceed 6 kilogrammes per day (concentration 100 miligrammes per litre) ; iv. In any housing or commercial development or both of less than 30 units, without affecting the generality of the (iii) above.
2.
Second Schedule Standard Methods Of Analysis of Effluent I. “Standard Methods of the Examination of Water and Wastewater” published tly by the American Public Health Association, the American Water Works Association and the Water Pollution Control Federation of the United State; or II. “Analysis of Raw, Potable and Wastewaters” published by the Department of the Environment of the United Kingdom.
3.
Third Schedule Parameter Limits Of Effluent Of Standards A and B No
I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV. XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX. XXI. XXII. XXIII.
Parameter
Temperature pH Value o BOD5 at 20 C COD Suspended Solids Mercury Cium Chromium, Hexavalent Arsenic Cyanide Lead Chromium, Trivalent Copper Manganese Nickel Tin Zinc Boron Iron (Fe) Phenol Free Chlorine Sulphide Oil and Grease
Unit o
C -mg/l mg/I mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
2
Standard A
B
40 6.0-9.0 20 50 50 0.005 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.001 1.00 0.50 Not Detectable
40 5.5-9.0 50 100 100 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 4.00 5.00 1.00 2.00 0.50 10.00
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
“Article Extract” THE CITY OF NEW YORK DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Wastewater Treatment Preventing Grease Discharges Into Sewers Guidelines for New York City Businesses A thriving business community is vital to New York City and its neighborhoods. A healthy economy benefits every New Yorker. But when businesses disregard sewer use regulations and improperly dispose of grease, fat or oil, sewer lines can become clogged, causing sewage to back up into basements of homes and commercial establishments. When that happens, the entire community suffers. The New York City Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) is responsible for maintaining the City’s sewage system - 6,000 miles of sewers and 14 wastewater treatment plants that process about 1.3 billion gallons of sewage per day. Sewer back-ups are a major sewer system problem that damages property and affects public health. In some areas, back-ups are frequently caused by grease clogging the local sewers. To address this problem, DEP is helping businesses comply with the City’s sewer use regulations. DEP is educating not only restaurant owners but also operators of nursing homes, fruit and vegetable stands, laundries, and dry cleaners, among others, to keep grease and other materials and chemicals out of the sewer system. To work effectively, sewer systems need to be properly maintained, from the drain to the treatment plant. If wastes are disposed of correctly, the City’s sewer system can handle them without any problem. Grease is an example of a waste that the sewer system cannot handle, and therefore should not be put down the drain. The City needs businesses and individuals to do their part to maintain the system because repeated repairs are disruptive to residences and businesses alike. Furthermore, proper disposal by commercial establishments is required by law. SEWER REGULATIONS CONCERNING GREASE To ensure the proper disposal of animal fats and vegetable oils, and to prevent sewage back-ups, the City requires grease-generating establishments to correctly install, operate and maintain properly sized and designed grease interceptors. These grease interceptors must be routinely cleaned to ensure proper operation. On November 9, 1998, the City amended the Sewer Use Regulations. These amendments clarify existing requirements and provide for self-certification of grease interceptors by a NYS licensed Professional Engineer or ed Architect. Self-certification relieves regulated establishments from a lengthy departmental review process.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Type of Stainless Steel & Comparison 1.
SUS 202 – Non Magnetic 4% nickel alloy. Bad resistance to corrosion and oxidation as compared to SUS 304 and SUS 439
2.
SUS 304 – Non Magnetic 8% nickel, 18% chromium alloy, No titanium content. Excellent resistance to stress cracking. Good resistance to corrosion. Good oxidation resistance. Good weldability.
3.
SUS 316 – Slightly magnetic after forming Highly corrosion resistance
4.
SUS 439 - Magnetic A Titanium stabilized, 18% chromium alloy. No nickel content. Excellent resistance to stress cracking. Good resistance to corrosion. Good oxidation resistance. Good weldability. High thermal conductivity coefficient. Low thermal expansion coefficient.
5.
SUS 444 – Magnetic Equal in corrosion resistance to SUS 316.
Test Results – Comparison SUS 304 and SUS 439
1.
Typical Chloride Stress Cracking test results in boiling solutions
Alloy SUS 304 SUS 316 SUS 439 Conclusion :
2.
42% MgC 20 hours 21 hours 1000 hours
33% LiCl 96 hours 21 hours 1000 hours
26% NaCl 744 hours 1000 hours 1000 hours
SUS 439 Seems to have better chloride stress cracking resistance as Compared to SUS 304 and SUS 316.
Typical General Corrosion (Rusty) Data
Boiling Solution 20% Phosphoric Acid 10% Sodium Bisulfate 10% Sulfamic Acid Conclusion :
Corrosion rate in inches per month (millimeters per year) SUS 439 SUS 304 0.00002 (0.006) 0.00002 (0.006) 0.00001 (0.003) 0.005 (1.53) 0.00008 (0.025) 0.013 (4.0)
SUS 439 appears to have better corrosion (rusty) resistance as compared to SUS 304 at the above mentioned boiling solutions.
4
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Biomatic Grease Interceptor Need for Good Grease Interceptor System! Direct discharge of greasy and oily wastewater from restaurants, fast food stores, centralized food courts in commercial and institutional buildings as well as traditional individual shops into the drain lines has significantly increase pollution to server plants, rivers, lakes and other waterways. The increasing difficulties in dealing with these problems are in the form of frequent pipeline and manhole blockages, obnoxious and rancid odors. This calls for a compulsory adoption of effective waste effluent pretreatment. LAKASA Biomatic Grease Interceptor is designed to provide an effective, hygienic and environmental friendly solution to grease contamination. LAKASA Biomatic Grease Interceptor is recommended for use in kitchens, restaurants, institutions, and all types of food processing areas, with wastewater containing grease, fats and oil (FOG) and solid starch. LAKASA Biomatic Grease Interceptor is completed with two individual chambers to take care both the solid waste and starch, as well as grease and oil which are frequently exist in kitchen wastewater. The solid waste and starch is filtered out effectively from the sediment trap (first chamber), while the grease and oil is intercepted from the second chamber. The interceptor can be used for manual removal of oil and grease or used in conjunction with LAKASA Biomatic Liquid Enzyme for waste digestion.
ADU & Enzyme Sink LAKASA
Grease Interceptor
Semi-recessed ADU & Enzyme LAKASA
Beam
Pipes Grease Interceptor
Pre-cast Sump
Suspended over the floor slab ADU & Enzyme LAKASA
Pipes
To manhole/sewer Sump Grease Interceptor
Fully recessed underground
Type of Installation
Specification of LAKASA Grease Interceptor The unit is completed with two chambers and with two separate interceptor covers. The first chamber comes with a perforated stainless steel bucket and is able to effectively filter away incoming solid waste and starch. The interceptor cover for first chamber can be easily opened with hinges for easy maintenance. The second chamber is completed with checker plate aluminium cover; a proper design removable baffle assembly which can effectively control flow velocity and turbulence of incoming wastewater; enzyme dosing connection and deep seal integral trap with rodding access. How LAKASA Grease Interceptor Functions Wastewater from kitchen sink, dishwasher that contains air, grease and food particles are flushed and enters the inlet of interceptor at high velocity. Food particles will be trapped and filtered in the stainless steel perforated basket, leaving only greasy water to continue its journey to the next chamber. At the inlet to second chamber, wastewater is immediately directed downward by the main deflecting baffles, at the same time allowing trapped air bubbles to rise to the surface. The baffles will effectively reduce the velocity and turbulence of the incoming liquid. The turbulence of the liquid flow is further reduced when the wastewater es through the remaining baffles. These baffles are arranged in unique positions to allow effective and efficient separation of grease, fats, and oils from wastewater and rise above the normal established water line of the interceptor.
Sizing & Selection (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Check the flowrate of wastewater from each fixture. Calculate total flowrate from all the fixtures connected to one particular grease interceptor. Identify and assume the simultaneous discharge diversity factor for all the fixtures. Refer to the table for sizes available and select proper interceptor of equivalent or next higher rate.
5
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Selection Tables: Fixture Size Sinks:
Dishwashers:
Sink Size Interior Measurements
12" x 18" x 6" 14" x 16" x 8" 18" x 20" x 8" 16" x 18" x 8" 18" x 20" x 8" 20" x 30" x 8" 20" x 24" x 12" 20" x 22" x 8" 20" x 22" x 12" 24" x 24" x 12"
# Bowls
1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2
Capacity in Gallons
Water Flowrate
Capacity
Size
GPM
In Gallons
GPM
4.2 5.8 9.4 15.0 18.7 15.5 18.7 23.0 34.0 44.9
7 7 10 15 20 20 20 25 35 50
15-20 20-30 30-50 50-70 70-100
15 20 25 35 100
EXAMPLE OF CALCULATION Fixtures Floor drains Double bowl sink (18”x20”x8”) Hand washing sink (14”x16”x8”) Dishwasher (50 gallon capacity)
No. of fixtures 2 2
Fixture value (GPM) 12 20
Total value (GPM) 24 40
2
10
20
1
35
35
Total
119
Diversity factor
Flow rating (GPM)
75%
89 GPM
** Diversity factor only applicable to Low activity (cooking and washing) environment. Water Retention Time of more than 30 minutes will generally achieve >99.9% of Grease removal percentage.
The model recommended is LK2100 (100 GPM) OR LK2200 (200 GPM) for busy environment.
Operation and Maintenance Guide 1.
Sediment trap chamber is to be cleaned up on daily basis. However, the frequency of cleaning can be once a few days if the incoming volume is low.
2.
Grease trap chamber is designed to intercept incoming grease and oil. The grease and oil which is trapped in this chamber can be cleaned either by manual scoop (once a week). In this case, Grease Interceptor shall be maintained in efficient operating condition by periodic removal of the accumulated grease. No such collected grease shall be introduced into any drainage piping, or public or private sewer. OR by biomatic liquid enzyme, which actually converts grease into water and carbon dioxide. If a thickening of the contents is noted, with a distinct caking effect across the surface, or an offensive, pungent odour is emitted, then gradually increase the suggested dosage rate to compensate. If the contents appear to remain in a minimal semi-liquid state with little or no odour, this indicates successful degradation of the grease. Whenever tank is cleaned, the initial dosing procedure must be repeated.
3.
With the introduction of biomatic enzyme, periodic cleaning for grease is about once every 6 months. For manual cleaning (without using biomatic enzyme), cleaning for grease is about once a week. However, more frequent cleaning is required when there are more activities and/or when incoming grease content is high.
4.
Additional aeration system is suggested for larger size grease interceptor. The aeration pump is pre-set to run at the right timing and duration to achieve optimum performance.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Biomatic Grease Interceptor Use in restaurant, food court, cafeteria, school canteen, etc. A (length) Stainless steel cover with hinges
id th
)
Perforated
(w B
Pe
rfo
Enzyme supply connector
Removable baffles
t or pp Su ce ber n m a en Nu int ct Ma onta C
D
Aluminium checker plate cover (Gasketted Air-Tight) E
C (height)
Air-relief valve & rodding access
ed rat
et ck
LAKASA
bu
F
(trade mark) Baffles Deep seal integral trap
SIRIM TESTED (Ref. No. 237/16/206) (Job No. J114/01) Sediment trap chamber
Grease interceptor chamber
Schematic View
ONE YEAR WARRANTY ON WELDING TS (LEAKAGE) FOR LAKASA GREASE INTERCEPTOR Interceptor Material:
Advantages:
Stainless Steel : Interceptor body, Perforated bucket, baffles, integral trap, inlet & outlet pipe sleeve. Stainless Steel : Interceptor Cover.
Complete with sediment interceptor. Baffle design to avoid blockage by sediment waste. Baffle is removable for periodic cleaning. Easy opening cover with hinges makes cleaning works much easier.
Dimensional Data (All dimension in mm) Model
Flowrate (GPM)
LK2012S LK2015S LK2020S
12 15 20
LK2012 LK2015 LK2020 LK2025 LK2035 LK2050 LK2075 LK2100 LK2150 LK2200 LK2250 LK2300 LK2350 LK2400 LK2450 LK2500 LK2600 LK2700 LK2800
12 15 20 25 35 50 75 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800
Flowrate (litre/sec)
Inlet A B C & (length) (width) (height) outlet Shallow Range (under the sink installation)
Grease capacity
D
E
0.91 10 kg 50 630 340 300 80 85 1.14 14 kg 50 690 370 320 90 95 1.50 18 kg 75 730 400 330 90 95 Standard Range (floor-mounted, suspended or semi/fully recessed installation) 0.91 1.14 1.50 1.89 2.65 3.78 5.68 7.57 11.35 15.14 18.92 22.70 26.49 30.28 34.05 37.84 45.41 52.98 60.55
10 kg 14 kg 18 kg 23 kg 32 kg 46 kg 68 kg 91 kg 136 kg 182 kg 227 kg 273 kg 318 kg 363 kg 409 kg 454 kg 545 kg 635 kg 726 kg
50 50 75 75 100 100 100 100 100 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 200 200 200
610 650 720 780 820 920 1220 1220 1700 1820 1960 2200 2350 2440 2550 2650 2850 2950 3050
290 310 330 360 440 490 580 720 760 860 940 980 1070 1180 1140 1220 1220 1220 1220
360 400 400 420 430 500 530 740 810 910 1010 1110 1140 1140 1310 1410 1600 1770 1900
90 100 100 100 100 110 110 150 150 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 210 210 210
100 110 110 110 110 130 130 180 180 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 250 250 250
F
Weight *(full)
215 225 235
65kg 80kg 100kg
260 290 290 310 320 370 400 560 630 700 800 900 930 930 1100 1200 1350 1520 1650
65kg 80kg 100kg 135kg 160kg 200kg 350kg 700kg 1000kg 1200kg 1800kg 2000kg 2200kg 2500kg 3000kg 4000kg 5000kg 6000kg 7000kg
* Full weight means when full with water & solid waste
Sole Agent : LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Tel: 03-6120 6895
7
Fax: 03-6120 1852
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Biomatic Liquid Enzyme From ADU
LAKASA Biomatic Liquid Enzyme is a blend of highly specialized microorganisms (multiple strain) designed specifically to promote rapid degradation of excessive, difficult to digest organic waste. These organic wastes include grease, fats and oils (FOG), detergents, starches, protein, cellulose and hydrocarbons. With the introduction of LAKASA Biomatic Liquid Enzyme, FOG is converted into harmless compounds of CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2O (water). It is an effective pretreatment for organic waste to prevent it from ing over to the municipal wastewater system.
Flexible Hose
Biomatic Liquid Enzyme
Steel Weight
Characteristic of LAKASA Biomatic Enzyme Concentrate
Strainer
LAKASA Biomatic Enzyme is designed for use to enhance the decomposition (degradation) of organic waste compounds in food processing wastewater treatment. Microorganisms Strains: Bacillus subtilis (3 strains)
Bacterial Cultures: Bacillus subtilis (3 strains)
Bacillus Licheniformis Bacillus Megaterium Bacillus Polymyxa
1. Selected microbes produce enzyme
Superior producer of protease, amylase, cellulase and lipase enzyme activity
Bacillus Licheniformis
Excellent producer of protease and amylase activity and requires facultative condition for growth
Bacillus Megaterium
Excellent producer of protease, lipase and cellulase activity and requires facultative condition for growth
Bacillus Polymyxa
Excellent producer of lipase activity and requires facultative condition for growth
Enzymes
Protease, Amylase, cellulase, Pectinase, Beta glucanase, xylanase and lipase
Other Ingredients
Essential nutrient and amino acid complexes
Benefits (i) Effectively and rapidly reduce/eliminate BOD and COD in wastewater. (ii) Decomposes and permanently converts organic wastes into water soluble compounds. (iii) Keeps drain lines flowing smoothly; reduces the amount of pumpouts. (iv) Non-corrosive: will not damage drain lines & grease interceptor (v) Controls and reduces odors (vi) Contains no polluting phosphates (vii) Non-toxic, Non-pathogenic (non-disease causing) (viii) Environmentally safe & friendly
2. Enzymes liquefy organic waste
3. Microbes digest liquefied organic waste
4. After digesting liquefied waste, microbes give off harmless carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) byproducts
Biodegradation Process Summary FFA
FFA
FFA
CO2 + H2O
Glycerol VFAs FFA
Glycerol
8
5. Microbes multiply and continue this process until all organic waste is eliminated
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Why Biomatic Enzyme is NOT working in some cases I. II. III. IV. V.
Inadequate dosage. Inappropriate dosing time – the water temperature might be too high or the enzyme might have been flushed out before it has enough time to react. The grease content might be too high for biological process. In this case, manual cleaning is required once a month or more frequent if needed. Inadequate oxygen for microbe to perform, additional aeration might be required, especially for large interceptor. Wastewater might be too acidic or contains high chlorine mixture which can kill microbes.
Enzyme Dosage (Actual dosage required might vary according to actual grease content) Model
LK2012 LK2015 LK2020 LK2025 LK2035 LK2050 LK2075 LK2100 LK2150 LK2200 to LK2500
Daily meals
up to 80 80 – 150 150 – 250 250 – 300 300 – 400 400 – 600 600 – 1000 1000 – 2000 2000 – 3000 3000 and above
Starter dose (ml) 90 90 180 180 270 360 450 540 900 1080
Monthly dose (litres) LOW HIGH grease grease 0.6 1.8 0.6 1.8 1.0 2.7 1.0 2.7 1.5 3.6 1.8 4.5 2.0 5.4 2.0 5.4 3.0 9.0 3.6 10.8
SIRIM LAB TEST
Day Day 1 Day 7 Day 14
Grease & Oil 0.5945 g 0.2280 g 0.1182 g
Conclusion: The results clearly showed positive impacts of LAKASA BIOMATIC ENZYME in the degradation of FOG.
Wastewater from main kitchen always contain high % of grease, whereas those from hand washing sink / basin and secondary centralized Grease Interceptor usually does not have much grease and oil. For best performance Characteristics 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Follow the initial and daily dosing procedures. Optimum dosing time is 1 hour after kitchen closes. Do not discharge very hot water into the interceptor immediately before or immediately after dosing. Do not discharge chlorine, strong caustics, concentrated disinfectants, bleach or sanitizers into the interceptor. Do not deliberately discharge cooking oil or grease into the interceptor
Appearance : Liquid Odour : Pleasantly perfumed pH : 8.2 – 8.8 Effective pH range : 5.5 – 9.0 Effective temperature: 5 – 50oC Stability : 2 years
During the first few weeks of dosing operation, regular inspection of the internal condition of the interceptor should be conducted to gauge the performance of the dosage. If a thickening of the contents is noted, with a distinct caking effect across the surface, or an offensive, pungent odour is emitted, then gradually increase the suggested dosage rate to compensate. If the contents appear to remain in a minimal semi-liquid state with little or no odour, this indicates successful degradation of the grease. Whenever tank is cleaned, the initial dosing procedure must be repeated. Health & Safety The Lakasa biomatic liquid enzyme concentrate is safe in normal use. The biologically active nature of the product may cause skin irritation in some cases. It is essential that rubber gloves are worn at all times. Skin Should the concentrate come in with skin, wash with plenty of clean water. Eye If the concentrate splashes into the eyes or is rubbed in by hand, flush eyes with plenty of clean running water. Ingestion Avoid ingesting the concentrate but should an accident occur, wash mouth thoroughly with water. Do not induce vomiting. Drink plenty of water or milk. Seek medical advice immediately after the initial treatment has been given. This product should be stored, handled and used in accordance with good industrial hygiene practices. The information contained herein is based on the present state of our knowledge and is intended to describe all products from the point of view of health and safety requirements. It should not therefore be construed as guaranteeing specific properties.
9
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit (ADU) LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit (ADU) is highly recommended to install in conjunction with grease interceptor. It will ensure the dosing of biomatic liquid enzyme at regular intervals consistently. It enhances the efficiency of the operation and significantly reducing the build-up of grease and frequency of cleaning.
Control (Digital based with backup battery)
RUN
P
TO 0 7 5 6 3 4 1 2
I AU
0:00 m
h P
1...7 R
Specification of Auto-Dosing Unit The unit is a temporized dosing system, activated by a programmable digital clock. It comes together with a peristaltic pump, 2.5 m electric wiring and 4.0m (6mm Ø) flexible polythene enzyme supply tube.
Pump Head
The advantages of LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit 1.
There is a digital timer to control setting for the dosage and timing of dosing the biomatic enzyme. The reliability and accuracy for the timing and dosage setting is important and critical, because this will ensure the optimum performance of the enzyme and to avoid the wastage of enzyme.
2.
The setting is digital type and is -friendly. Easy and fast to learn and understand. Do not require any specially-trained technician to come and adjust the setting.
3.
There is a Back-up battery for the setting in case of power failure. The setting will still be valid and when the power supply is resumed. The auto-dosing system will continue to run as normal and do not have to re-set again. This is another important point to ensure the proper running of the Biomatic Grease Interceptor System!
4.
Auto-Dosing Unit is usually installed at the wet area (Kitchen). The casing of LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit is of standard IP56 - Waterproof. This is to avoid breakdown caused from water to the electronic component and motor.
5.
The whole unit is fully imported from an established manufacturer from Europe. From the past record, there is seldom any breakdown complaint. This proves the reliability and quality of LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit.
Refer page 8 for ADU setting assistance
Technical Characteristics Power supply
230 V 13 amp fuse Single phased 3 pin plug Power consumption 5 W Timer Digital clock ADU dimension 150 x 190 x 110 mm
Cabinet (lockable)
Hanging
Material: Stainless Steel
Installation The LAKASA ADU is located in close proximity to the grease interceptor. A conduit pipe (>7mm Ø) for the enzyme supply tube is recommended to link the auto-doser to the grease interceptor. The recommended distance is not more than 5 meters for effective transmission of enzyme from the source to the destination. Operating Instruction for ADU I. II. III.
IV.
Connect the ADU to a 13 amp power point. Set the current time at the digital clock. Set the dosing ‘ON’ time (2 hours after the kitchen is closed) and the dosing ‘OFF’ time for a correct dosing duration according to recommended enzyme dosage. Run manual dosing with the initial dosage and to ensure the ADU is running properly.
10
Control and Digital clock setting I = manual operated dosing Auto = Auto operated dosing O = Off = set time Run = normal run = program = choose program for dosing ON and OFF 1 … 7 = set dosing day (Mon to Sun) h = hour m = minute R = reset
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Flexible Hose Connection
Wall Automatic Dosing Unit (ADU) (150 x 190 x 110 mm)
Method 1: Exposed Only
Method 2: Exposed or for Underground Connection
13 Amp Power Point
From ADU From ADU Connector
Flexible Hose
Lock
ADU Cabinet (lockable type) (265 x 610 x 175 mm)
Copper or other pipe
Connector
Biomatic Liquid Enzyme (5 liters)
Connector
Flexible Hose (6 mmØ)
Interceptor Wall Socket (5/8")
Floor Inlet After installation, the gap is back-filled with cement and sand
Socket (5/8")
Outlet to Sewer LAKASA Grease Interceptor (Refer catalogue for dimension)
LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit (ADU) is installed close proximity to Grease Interceptor The Setting of LAKASA Auto-Dosing Unit (ADU) (1) (2)
(3)
(4)
(5) (6) (7)
Ensure button is pointing to
button for one time. P=2 appears on screen. (b) Press <1…7> button several times until 7 arrows appear at the bottom of the 7 numbers from 1 to 7 (i.e. Monday to Sunday). (c) Press
Note :
11
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Sediment Interceptor LAKASA Sediment Interceptor is completed with a perforated bucket and able to act as an effective strainer to avoid drain lines clogging by foreign solid particles. The perforated bucket should be cleaned on daily basis or as frequent as possible to avoid overflow of solid waste and interrupting free flow of wastewater in the drain lines.
Open Handle
Advantages
Schematic View Rodding Access (openable)
1. 2.
A
3.
Hinges Cin Deep Integral Trap Inlet
LAKASA
Outlet
4.
Din
Cout
E
Easily open cover to ease cleaning work. Prevent the pipeline being clogged with solid waste. Stainless steel interceptor material to avoid rusty and corrosion over long period. Deep integral trap to avoid smell in manhole from entering the building thru pipeline.
Dout
Perforated Bu
B
cket
Material : stainless steel (304) Dimensional Data Model
Pipe Size A B C in (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) LKS 9434 75 400 400 100 LKS 9545 100 500 500 110 LKS 9656 100 600 600 120 LKS 9767 100 700 700 120 LKS 9878 100 800 800 130 Various dimensions is available upon request or to suit site requirement
C out (mm) 200 250 300 300 350
D in (mm) 200 290 380 480 670
D out (mm) 100 150 200 300 350
E (mm) 300 400 500 600 700
LAKASA Floor Sediment Trap Type A LFS 5series
LFS 4150Floor Sediment Trap LAKASA (stainless steel 304) 150mm
150mm
Floor Surface (cement or tile)
m Ø20m
Perforated Bucket
170mm 50mm
Outlet Pipe (50/75/100mm)
Other dimension is available to suit site requirement
Type B
Advantage: 1) Prevent the pipeline being clogged with solid waste. 2) Stainless steel material to avoid rusty and corrosion over long period. 3) Perforated sediment bucket is removable to make cleaning work easy. 4) Type B c/w deep seal integral trap prevent outside air entering into building. Material: Stainless Steel Dimensional Data MODEL LFS 4150 LFS 5150 LFS 5200 LFS 5250 LFS 5300 LFS 5400
INLET (mm) 50 50 75 75 75
OUTLET (mm) 50 75 75 100 100 100
A (mm) 150 150 200 250 300 400
B (mm) 150 150 200 250 300 400
12
C (mm) 150 300 350 400 500 500
D (mm) 180 200 220 250 250
E (mm) 120 150 180 250 250
LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Installation for LAKASA Grease and Sediment Interceptor & Floor Sediment Trap LAKASA Biomatic Grease Interceptor (Typical Installation: Suspended Type) AUTOMATIC DOSING UNIT C/W BIOMATIC LIQUID ENZYME 5 LITRE
13A S.S.O.
SK
SK
FLEXIBLE HOSE 50Ø CHEQUER PLATE COVER
SEDIMENT INTERCEPTOR
430
75Ø
BIOMATIC GREASE INTERCEPTOR 100/150 GPM
100Ø UPVC (1:100) 150x150 FLOOR DRAIN C/W S/S. PERFORATED BUCKET
100Ø UPVC PIPE RUN THRU BEAM
1000
50Ø
400
350
2000 x 860
OUTLET
Cross Section 50Ø UPVC DRAIN PIPE TO DROPPER PIPE
2000
CHEQUER PLATE BY MAIN OR
LAKASA BIOMATIC GREASE INTERCEPTOR 100/150 GPM
860
200
275
BEAM OPENING REQ.
Detail of Pre-Casted Sump Plan View
100Ø UPVC INLET
50Ø DRAIN OUTLET
LAKASA BIomatic Grease Interceptor System Installation: Suspended with hanger Model: LK2035 (35 GPM)
2000
AUTOMATIC DOSING UNIT (13Amp)
WALL
DOUBLE BOWL SINK
200mm
TILES AND CEMENT SCREED
FLOOR SLAB
FASTERNED WITH ANCHOR (WALL PLUG)
INLET
330mm
CONDUIT PIPE PRECAST INTO CONCRETE
100mmØ UPVC BS4514
C-CHANNEL HANGERS
NOTE: 1. C-Channel hanger able to take load 200kg. 2. Slab opening required 870mm x 490mm
OUTLET
100mmØ UPVC BS4514
320mm
300mm
INTERCEPTOR COVER
820mm(L) x 440mm(W)
Testing & Commissioning Method Statement Grease Interceptor 1. Place at a firm & balance concrete base. 2. Inlet & outlet is connected accordingly and properly. 3. Interceptor is to be filled up with clean water until it reaches static water level. Auto-Dosing Unit (ADU) 1. To mount the ADU to wall with a lockable cabinet. 2. To connect ADU to a 13 Amp power point. 3. To set current time and dosing time (set 1 hour after kitchen close). 4. To set the dosing duration according to recommended dosage. The unit is running at a speed of 30 mL/min. 5. To connect a short flexible hose to enzyme bottle. Use steel weight and strainer provided to ensure the hose reaches the bottom of the bottle. 6. To connect a long hose (with conduit pipe) to the grease interceptor. To use the connector provided to the connection. 7. To switch to manual dose to ensure pump head is rotating and enzyme is sucked up and delivered to interceptor. 8. To switch to “Auto” and the ADU will run automatically according to the preset time. Biomatic Enzyme 1. Avoid direct sunlight and should be kept inside the ADU cabinet. 2. To top up enzyme periodically.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Oil Interceptor LAKASA Oil Interceptor is required wherever lubricating oil, cutting oil, kerosene, gasoline, naptha, paraffin, trisod phosphate and numerous other light density and volatile liquids are present in the drainage. In commercial establishments such as service stations, garages, auto-repair shops, dry cleaners, laundries industrial plants or process industries having machine shops, metal treating process rooms, chemical process or mixing rooms, etc, there is always the problem of flammable or volatile liquids entering the drainage system which can contaminate the sewer line and cause a serious fire or explosive condition. The discharge of oily wastewater, which consists of high degree of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), FOG (Fat, oil and grease), and other organic wastes into natural waterways has disastrous impacts on aquatic life and the environments.
Inlet
From Source (car wash bay, washing sink etc)
Vent Outlet to Sewer
Suction Connection
Inspection access cover
Gravity Draw-off Line
LAKASA Oil Interceptor
Oil Storage Tank
Install at Carwash bay, Service & repair workshop, carpark, petrol station, oil distribution depot, garage etc.
LAKASA Oil Interceptor is a preliminary treatment for oily (hydrocarbon) wastewater discharged from sources such as service & repair workshop, carwash bays etc. The effluent from the interceptor should be channeled to sewer line for further process and treatment. LAKASA Oil Interceptor is designed to allow introduction of any liquid types for separation as long as there is sufficient specific gravity differential to permit gravitational separation. When the liquid temperature is o about 20 C, the Water Specific Gravity is 0.998; whereas, the Oil Specific Gravity is 0.92 It is also take into that the water flow is intermittent and variable and the oil or any combination is nonemulsified oil/water mixtures. The design also allows the intercepted oil to be automatically drawn-off for storage in a continuous operation. Sediment should be removed from sediment bucket at regular intervals. To eliminate pressure build-up inside the interceptor, a vent connection on side of the body allows the venting of interceptor.
Oil in Water Coalescing Media – How It Works LAKASA Oil Interceptor contains a coalescing medium or media. This media provides a suitable surface for oil droplets to meet and grow, or coalesce, into larger droplets. As oil droplets grow in size the buoyancy of the droplets increases. The droplets rise towards the surface of the water due to the fact that the specific gravity of oil is less than the specific gravity of water. In this way the oil will form a layer that can be skimmed manually or to be channeled into a separate storage tank, pending for proper disposal.
As oil droplets coalesce into larger droplets, the buoyancy of the droplets increases. This reflected in the known rise time for a given size of oil droplet. The more efficient the coalescence action of the media, the larger the oil droplets become. Larger oil droplets result in reduced rise time. Shorter rise time will certainly increase and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of Oil Interceptor.
Time needed for oil droplet (0.85Sp.Gr.) in water to rise 3 inches Droplet size, microns
Rise Time
300 150 60
12 seconds 42 seconds 4 min 12 seconds
Coalescing plates offer high efficiency and low operating and maintenance costs because there are no moving parts and no replacement parts are needed or spent absorbents generated.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Oil Interceptor Used at garage, carwash area, servi ce & repair workshop etc.
e nc r na be te um in rt Ma ppo ct N su nta Co
B
Stainless Steel Cover with Hinges Overflow Exit
A
Gasketted Aluminium Checker Plate Vent Connection
Coalescer Pack
l ro er nt b Co um it l N Un eria S
E Air-Relief Valve & Rodding Access
Oil Draw-off Sleeve (adjustable level)
Inlet
C F
Outlet
E al se ap p al tr e De tegr In Perforated bucket
Schematic View G
SIRIM TESTED (Ref. No. 237/16/206) (Job No. J197/01)
H
ONE YEAR WARRANTY ON WELDING TS (LEAKAGE) FOR LAKASA OIL INTERCEPTOR
Dimensional Data (All dimension in mm) Model
Flowrate (GPM)
LK3015A LK3020A LK3025A LK3035A LK3050A LK3075A LK3100A LK3150A LK3200A LK3250A LK3300A LK3350A LK3400A LK3450A LK3500A LK3600A LK3700A LK3800A
15 20 25 35 50 75 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800
Flowrate (litre / sec) 1.14 1.50 1.89 2.65 3.78 5.68 7.57 11.35 15.14 18.92 22.70 26.49 30.28 34.05 37.84 45.41 52.98 60.55
Inlet & outlet pipe 50 75 75 100 100 100 100 100 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 200 200 200
A (length)
B (width)
600 780 800 880 930 1200 1450 1650 1850 2050 2250 2300 2400 2440 2600 2800 2950 3050
450 470 500 550 600 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1220 1350 1400 1550 1800 1930 1950 2050
Sole Agent : LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
C (height)
Weight *(full) (kg) 430 110 320 200 150 120 450 110 340 220 200 150 480 110 370 250 250 200 500 110 390 270 300 240 550 130 420 300 350 300 620 130 490 370 400 550 750 180 570 450 450 1000 850 180 670 550 500 1500 1000 210 790 670 550 1800 1140 210 930 810 600 2700 1350 210 1140 1020 650 3000 1400 210 1190 1070 700 3300 1500 210 1290 1170 750 3800 1700 210 1490 1370 800 4500 1850 210 1640 1520 850 6000 1930 250 1680 1560 900 8500 2100 250 1850 1730 950 10,000 2200 250 1950 1830 950 12,000 * Full weight means when full with water & solid waste
Tel: 03-6120 6895
Interceptor Materials: Stainless Steel : Interceptor Body, Perforated Bucket, Integral Trap, Inlet/Outlet Pipe Sleeve, Coalescer Pack. Stainless Steel: Interceptor Cover.
E
F
G
H
Fax: 03-6120 1852
Advantages: 1. Complete with sludge interceptor. 2. Easy opening cover with hinges makes cleaning works much easier. 3. Coalescer pack is removable for periodic cleaning. 4. Complete with oil draw-off, to channel oil into a separate container for proper disposal
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Environmental Quality Act, 1974 In the effort to meet the requirement of the Environment Quality Act, 1974, Standard B on the oil & grease of 10mg/l of effluent quality, LAKASA Oil Interceptor should be sized with the Water Retention Time (WRT) of more than 30 minutes. This will produce the effluent result with >99.9% grease & oil removal.
Operation and Maintenance Guide The oil shall be skimmed and dirt, sand and sludge shall be removed on a quarterly basis at a minimum. Oil shall be handled as a hazardous waste stored and sent to a used oil recycler. If the oil is too thin to pump or skim, oil absorbent pads or pillows can be used to remove the oil. These can be sent for disposal or recycling, or if oil can be removed from them they can be reused (oil collected and sent for recycling). The first quarter’s sludge/dirt shall be sent for waste characterization to determine if it can be disposed off as ordinary waste or hazardous waste. If hazardous, sludge shall be stored in labeled drums and picked up by a licensed hauler. If non-hazardous, sludge shall be disposed off to a landfill, and is not to be deposited on-site.
1.
Manual draw off of oil. A routine inspection of oil interceptors should be undertaken at least once every 3 months by the inspection technician. Using a dipstick, the amount of accumulated oil and solids shall be measured to determine if a clean-out is required. Servicing and clean-out of oil to a separate storage tank pending for proper disposal whenever is necessary.
2.
Normal Water Operating Line
Adjustable Draw-Off Sleeve 2mm Static Water Line
Interceptor Wall
Automatic draw off of oil. During the first 2 weeks of operation, check the oil storage tank for oil build up to determine the frequency it needs to be emptied.
To Oil Storage Tank
If water is found entering the draw-off sleeve into the oil storage tank during normal working condition, adjust the draw off level upwards from 2 mm to 5 mm.
Important Notes to follow in order to generate good effluent: 1.
Sizing of interceptor meets the requirement. Water flow rates are within the specification. Adequate water retention time will ensure proper separation of oil/ water mixture.
2.
Perforated bucket at sludge chamber should be inspected and cleaned on a regular basis. The amount of debris such as sand, gravel, dirt, leaves, grass cuttings, etc., permitted to enter the system must be minimized. Automotive and truck engine crankcase oil should not be drained into the system. Sludge and deposits present in the oil will significantly reduce the effectiveness of the interceptor.
3.
Hydrocarbons entering the separator will be in a free non-emulsified state and capable of being separated from water by gravity separation.
4.
Detergent will emulsified the oil and allow it to enter the sanitary sewer system because detergents have a definite affinity for hydrocarbons. Wash water from truck washing racks must be routed directly to a sanitary sewer or treated with special equipment.
Installation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Place at a firm & balance concrete base. Inlet & outlet is connected accordingly and properly. Interceptor is to be filled up with clean water until it reaches static water level. Connect a ventilation pipe to the interceptor. This is to eliminate pressure build-up inside the interceptor. For automatic oil draw off by gravity flow, connect the interceptor to an oil storage tank for receiving and storing oil pending for proper disposal. For manual draw off of oil, seal up the connection. The LAKASA Oil Interceptor is ready for operation.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
Sizing of LAKASA Oil Interceptor In order to work properly the amount of wastewater flowing into the interceptor needs to be calculated. An estimate of the peak waterflow during the washing process, the pattern of waterflow (continuous flow throughout the day or just ‘on and off’ waterflow for every interval period). Grease Removal %
Water Retention Time 1. >30 min, >99.9% removal 2. >20 min, >95% removal
99.9%
0
30 min
Retention Time
1 hour
1) Calculation by number of fixtures Peak flow rate Example
Total nos. of hose outlet, equipments etc. that continuous discharging to drain line at a particular time A carwash bay, with total 2 water hoses are used for car washing during peak washing session. Each hose power is about 8 GPM (example). Thus the estimated peak water flow is 8 GPM x 2 = 16 GPM .
Scenario 1 (Very busy working environment) If continuous waterflow at every short period interval. To achieve Retention Time of 30 minutes : 16GPM x 30 min = 480GPM (To propose LK3500A) Scenario 2 (Not busy working environment) If Waterflow continuously for 5 minutes at every interval of 30 minutes. To achieve Retention Time of 30 minutes : 16GPM x 5 = 80GPM (To propose LK3100A)
2) Calculation by area (open area, subject to rainfall, example : Car Park) Estimated waterflow during heavy rainfall : Average Peak Waterflow
Total area (length x width in meter) x heavy rainfall Length 30m, width 15m, collection of water : 75mm / 15 minutes Calculation = 30 x 15 x 75 ÷ 900 = 37.5 liter/sec = 500 GPM
Sizing of Oil Storage Tank 1. 2. 3.
Estimate the volume of oil into the interceptor Frequency of maintenance routine (once a month, twice a month, etc) Calculate the tank size required to cater for the total accumulated oil during the period. To allocate tank size 50% bigger to meet contingency.
Oil Storage Tank Dimensional Data Model LS0300 LS0600 LS1000 LS1600 LS2000
Capacity (litres) 300 600 1000 1600 2000
Length (mm) 650 800 960 1080 1160
Width (mm) 600 720 880 980 1050
Height (mm) 880 1170 1400 1720 1850
Recommended for 15-35 GPM 50-100 GPM 150-250 GPM 300-400 GPM 450-500 GPM
Note : Select higher capacity of storage Tank should the application anticipate high volume of waste oil.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
LAKASA Neutralization Tank LAKASA Neutralization Tank is also called Dilution Tank, designed to receive, dilute and neutralize corrosive and harmful chemical wastes before allowing such materials to be discharged into the public sewers or the environment, is suitable for centralized installation for neutralizing and dilution of laboratory acids and chemicals. Neutralization of corrosive, toxic and flammable wastes is necessary to the environment and piping systems, even when quantities and concentrations are small. Such wastes can cause physical damage to a building's piping or outside sewer systems and, if effluent is being discharged to the environment (such as rivers and lakes), severe damage can result to wildlife and water sources. Neutralization is the process whereby acids and alkalis are rendered harmless. The degree of neutralization can be measured by a system known as pH (positive Hydronium ions). The degree of measurement is a pH number of 7, which is neutral. Acids range from 0 to 6.99. Alkalis range from 7.01 to 14. The smaller the number, the higher the content of acidic waste. The higher the pH number, the higher the alkaline waste.
End-results of Neutralization Process The chemical reaction between Calcium Carbonate and acidic waste water will produce by-products of neutralized waste, carbon dioxide and neutral salts that can be safely discharged into municipal sewer Calcium Carbonate Neutralizing Agent
Acidic
+
Neutralized Waste,
Waste Water
=
Carbon Dioxide & Neutral Salts
Places recommended for use Recommended to be installed in acid waste drainage systems for medical and research laboratories, industrial battery charging stations, educational institutions and processing equipment. LAKASA Neutralization Tank is recommended for preliminary treatment for acidic wastewater. Therefore the effluent should be channeled to nearest sewer for further process.
PH 7
Neutralization is a slow process. Retention time of more than 45 minutes will normally achieve a safe pH level and optimum neutralization process.
5 3 0
30 min
1 hour
Retention Time
Capacity & Sizing LAKASA Neutralization Tank is designed for intermittent flow of acidic wastewater which attempts to achieve an average retention time of > 30 minutes, as such the interaction and dilution to be taken place between the acidic wastewater and the calcium carbonate based neutralizing agent. Proper functioning of the LAKASA Neutralizing System requires determining water flow or the volume of incoming acidic waste water, in order to achieve sufficient retention time for the neutralizing process to take place (see figure i). The initial rate of neutralization is rapid, however, as the pH of the acid waste rises, the rate of neutralization slows down. Neutralization reaction time of more than 45 minutes should achieve a safe pH level or a level which is considered high enough to be easily diluted with sanitary waste.
Environmental Quality Act, 1974 According to the Environment Quality Act, the effluent with pH value of 5.5 to 9.0 is acceptable under its standard B requirement.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
SIRIM TESTED (Ref. No.237/16/206) (Job No.R080/04)
Dimension Data Model
LN030 LN050 LN085 LN125 LN150 LN200 LN300 LN400 LN500 LN600 LN700
No. of Sink/ Tab 1~4 5~10 1~20 21~30 31~40 41~60 61~90 91~130 131~180 181~250 251-350
Capacity (litres) 30 50 85 125 150 200 300 400 500 600 700
Inlet & Outlet (mm) 50 75 75 75 75 100 100 150 150 150 150
A (mm)
B (mm)
C (mm)
D (mm)
E (mm)
F (mm)
G (mm)
450 500 650 720 800 870 1100 1220 1440 1570 1700
310 380 520 540 580 610 700 800 830 880 930
310 380 400 440 470 510 530 550 570 590 600
90 100 100 100 100 110 130 130 150 150 150
220 280 300 340 370 400 400 420 420 440 450
100 110 110 120 120 130 150 160 180 180 180
210 270 290 320 350 380 380 390 390 410 420
Material: Stainless Steel 444 / 316 or equivalent.
Maintenance The volume of limestones (Calcium Carbonate based neutralizing agents) and thus the neutralizing capacity of the system will be reduced gradually during the neutralizing process. There are various factors such as flow rate, concentration of acid waste, and temperature, determine the consumption rate of the Calcium Carbonate Neutralizing Agent. To ensure maximum performance, a full charge of the neutralizing agent should be maintained. Initially, inspection of the agent level should be made once a month. When the rate of consumption is determined. A maintenance schedule should be established to observe and maintain proper limestone levels in the tank. Limestone replacement should be performed at regular intervals. Typically, once every one to three months is sufficient. However, these intervals can be increased or decreased based upon application needs and performance. The limestone supplied are 1-3" in diameter and have a calcium carbonate content certified to be in excess of 90%. Solids in the waste stream can plug the tank and should be avoided.
Installation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
For underground installation, construct a solid manhole sump for housing the Neutralization Tank. Place at a firm & balance concrete base. Inlet & outlet is connected accordingly and properly. Neutralization Tank is to be filled up with full baskets of limestones (Calcium Carbonate based). Neutralization Tank is to be filled up with clean water until it reaches static water level. Water added to the tank helps facilitate dilution.
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LAKASA Marketing & Distribution
SIRIM Test Report
SIRIM Test Results (Ref : ETC 237/16/206 (R 080/04)) on LAKASA Neutralization Tank.
Test 1 Results Rate of Neutralization of diluted acidic plating solution from initial pH of 1.55 0 Sampling Time pH Temperature ( C) Weight of limestone (minutes) 0 1.55 31 10 1.92 31 11.2 kg 20 2.02 31 (Test 1a) 30 2.39 31 40 2.57 31 50 4.87 31 22.4 kg (Test 1b) 60 4.88 31
Test 2 Results Rate of Neutralization of diluted acidic plating solution from initial pH of 2.30 0 Sampling Time pH Temperature ( C) Weight of limestone (minutes) 0 2.30 31 10 4.42 31 30.0 kg 20 4.88 31 (Test 2) 26 4.97 31 30 4.97 31
Summary of neutralization rate and pH change Test pH range 1a 1b 2
1.55 – 2.57 2.57 – 4.88 2.30 – 4.97
Rate of Neutralization per minute 0.06 0.12 0.08
pH change per kg limestone 0.09 0.10 0.09
Conclusion : 1. Retention time of > 45 minutes will normally achieve optimum neutralization process. 2. LAKASA Neutralization Tank can increase pH of acidic water of initial pH~1.6 to pH~5.0 at the average of 0.12/minute and limestone requirement of 12kg/unit pH change. 3. The pH change is about 0.10 per kg limestone used. 4. The temperature of the water remains stable during the whole neutralization process. 5. The performance evaluation exercise on the LAKASA Neutralization Tank was limited in simulating the actual mode of application. There was no actual movement of liquid through the limestone during the study conducted by SIRIM. The efficiency of the neutralization tank is expected to increase with flow rate adjustment in an actual installation. 6. The volume of limestones (Calcium Carbonate based neutralizing agents) and thus the neutralizing capacity of the system will be reduced gradually during the neutralizing process. 7. A maintenance schedule should be established to observe and maintain proper limestone levels in the tank. Limestone replacement should be performed at regular intervals.
20
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