Chemistry James Bond Lab 11o6v

Kaylyn Galie 11/10/14 Chemistry Block 4 James Bond Lab

Data Table:

Compound

Texture

Odor? Odorless Odorless

Melting Point High High

Soluble in Water? Yes Yes

Soluble in Acetone? No No

Conductive with Water? Yes Yes

NaCl Unknown 14 Unknown 15 Camphor

Crystal Crystal Powdery

Yes

Low

No

Yes

No

Sandy

Yes

Low

No

Yes

No

Questions: 1. It shows that ionic compounds have a high melting point, while covalent compounds have a low melting point. 2. I believe that a covalent compound would be more dangerous near an open flame because it has a lower melting point, therefore a reaction could occur faster. 3. Ionic compounds are soluble in water. These ionic compounds were NaCl and Unknown 14. 4. Covalent compounds are soluble in acetone. These covalent compounds include Unknown 15 and Camphor. 5. The ionic compounds conducted electricity when dissolved in water. These compounds were NaCl and Unknown 14. 6. You could separate these two compounds by using a filter and a beaker. You could place the mixed compound in the filter and add water into the filter. Then, you can determine the compound because the substance remaining in the filter is a covalent compound because they aren’t soluble in water. The ionic compound would be dissolved in the bottom of the beaker because ionic compounds are soluble in water. 7. The ionic compounds were NaCl and Unknown 14. They are ionic compounds because ionic compounds are really hard, odorless, have a high melting point, dissolve in water, not soluble in acetone, and are conductive with water. The covalent compounds were Unknown 15 and Camphor. They are covalent compounds because covalent compounds are mushy, have an odor, have a high melting point, aren’t soluble in water, are soluble in acetone, and aren’t conductive with water.

Kaylyn Galie 11/10/14 Chemistry Block 4 Conclusion: My hypothesis was, if a compound has a high melting point, then the compound will be ionic. My hypothesis was correct because both of the ionic compounds of NaCl and Unknown 14 had high melting points, showing they are ionic. The purpose of the experiment was to identify the unknown compounds either as ionic or covalent. We did this experiment by testing the compound’s melting point by using a Bunsen burner, finding the compound’s solubility in water and acetone by seeing if the compound dissolves in either water or acetone, and seeing whether or not the compound was conductive in water by using the conductivity tester. The results from the experiment showed that the ionic compounds were NaCl and Unknown 14, while the covalent compounds were Unknown 15 and Camphor. We were able to determine the compound by whether or not it had an odor. Covalent compounds have an odor due to the particles being not closely held together. Therefore, ionic compounds are odorless because their particles are held closely together. NaCl and Unknown 14 were ionic because they were odorless and Unknown 15 and Camphor were covalent because they had an odor. The substances that were brittle or hard were NaCl and Unknown 14 because they both are ionic compounds due to the strong attraction between the particles. The compounds that were mushy or soft were Unknown 15 and Camphor because they both are covalent compounds due to the particles being less attracted to each other. The ionic compounds from the experiment dissolved in water, making it non-polar. However, the ionic compounds didn’t dissolve in the acetone, making them polar, due to the unequal share of electrons. The covalent compounds from the experiment didn’t dissolve in water, making them polar, due to the unequal amount of electrons. However, the covalent compounds did dissolve in acetone, making them non-polar, due to the amount of equally shared electrons. The covalent compounds, which were Unknown 15 and Camphor, had low melting points, due to the small attractions between the particles. On the other hand, the ionic compounds, which were NaCl and Unknown 14, had high melting points due to the high attractions between the particles. The covalent compounds, which included Unknown 15 and Camphor, weren’t conductive in water. They weren’t conductive because the electrons or the charged particles couldn’t move easily throughout the compound. However, the ionic compounds, which were NaCl and Unknown 14, were conductive in water. They were conductive because the electrons or the charged particles could easily move throughout the compound. One possible source of error could have been the test tubes not being cleaned thoroughly. If the test tubes were not cleaned properly, residue and possibly smells from the previous substance could have been lingering on the test tube, which could have affected the smell of the compound. This could possibly lead to the confusion that a compound was covalent, when it really could have been ionic. A way to avoid that error would be to make sure that all of the test tubes are properly cleaned before starting the experiment. This would help to make the results more accurate. These are the reasons why I believe that the ionic compounds were NaCl and Unknown 14, while the covalent compounds were Unknown 15 and Camphor.