Computer Hardware Installation And Maintenance Viva 4t2d6b

Model Viva Questions for “CHIM LAB” Common to: ET & T 3rd sem Title of the Practical: Identify different elements of computer system. Q1. Identify external ports? A1. As of 2006, manufacturers have nearly standardized colors associated with ports on personal computers, although there are no guarantees. The following is a short list: Orange, purple, or grey: Keyboard PS/2 Green: Mouse PS/2 Blue or magenta: Parallel printer DB-25 Amber: Serial DB-25 or DB-9 Pastel pink: Microphone 1/8" stereo (TRS) minijack Pastel green: Speaker 1/8" stereo (TRS) minijack Q2. What are mouse & keyboard? A2. Keyboard - A common input device through which data and instructions may be typed into computer memory. Mouse - A pointing and input device that allows the to move a cursor around a screen and select programs with the click of a button. Q3. What is mother-board? A3. A motherboard is the central printed circuit board (PCB) that provides electrical connectors for other peripherals. The motherboard is also known as the main board, system board. Q4. What is input device? A4. Any machine that feeds data used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer. For example, a keyboard ,a mouse, joystick etc are input device. Q5. What is o/p device? A5. Outputs are the signals or data sent by the system to the outside & used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by computer to the outside world. e.g monitor, printer, speaker etc. Q6. Explain scanner? A6. A scanner is a device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting, or an object, and converts it to a digital image. Q7.What is RAM? A7. Random Access Memory is used as primary memory of computer that stores temporary data. After switching off computer all data cleans from RAM. Q8. Which are the USB ports? A8. Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a specification to establish communication between devices such as mice, keyboards, digital cameras, printers, personal media players, flash drives, Network Adapters, and external hard drives and personal computers. Q9. What is a Processor? A9. A processor is a device that processes programmed instructions and performs tasks. Your processor sends and receives information from the different parts of the system. Q10. What is hard disk? A10. A hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-volatile, random access device for digital data.

Title of the Practical: Identify different elements of computer system.

Q1. Explain the graphic cards? A1. A video card, video adapter, graphics accelerator card, display adapter, or graphics card is an expansion card whose function is to generate output images to a display. Q2. Explain sound cards? A2. A sound card (also known as an audio card) is a computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. Q3. What is game port? A3. The game port was the traditional connector for video game input devices on PCs. Q4. What is a computer port? A4. A port serves as an interface between the computer and other computers or peripheral devices. Physically, a port is a specialized outlet on a piece of equipment to which a plug or cable connects. Q5. What are Serial & Parallel Ports? A5. Serial ports send and receive one bit at a time via a single wire pair (Ground and +/-).Parallel ports send multiple bits at the same time over several sets of wires. Q6. What do you mean by AGP? A6. The Accelerated Graphics Port (often shortened to AGP) is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. Q7. Explain VGA ? A7. Video Graphics Array (VGA) refers specifically to the display hardware first introduced with the IBM PS/2 line of computers in 1987 ing up to 256 colors on screen. Q8. Explain Infra Red port? A8. An infrared port is a port that can send and receive data using infrared light, usually using the IrDA protocol. Infrared ports were once common on laptop computers, PDAs, and cell phones. Q9. Explain TV tuner card? A9. A TV tuner card is a computer component that allows television signals to be received by a computer. Q10. What is card reader? A10. A card reader is anything, usually an electronic device, that reads 'cards'. There is a wide variety of things called cards and hence there are many things called 'card readers'. A memory card reader is a device used for communication with a smart card or a flash memory card. A magnetic card reader is a device used to scan cards containing magnetic data strips, such as credit cards.

Title of the Practical: Identification of different motherboards & U’s.

Q1. What is PCI? A1. Peripheral Component Interconnect s a computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer. These devices can take either the form of an integrated circuit fitted onto the motherboard itself or an expansion card that fits into a slot. Q2. Name the common PCI cards on a computer? A2. Typical PCI cards used in PCs include: cards, sound, modems, extra ports such as USB or serial, TV tuner cards and disk controllers. Q3. What is joystick? A3. A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. Joysticks are often used to control video games. Q4. What is EIDE? A4. EIDE (Enhanced IDE) - A standard for managing the interface between secondary storage devices and a computer system. Q5. Explain SCSI? A5. SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) - A fast interface between a host adapter and the U that can daisy chain as many as seven or fifteen devices on a single bus. Q6. Explain Web cam? A6. A webcam is a video camera which feeds its images in real time to a computer or computer network, often via USB, Ethernet or Wi-Fi. Their most popular use is the establishment of video links, permitting computers to act as videophones or videoconference stations. This common use as a camera for the World Wide Web gives the webcam its name. Q7. What is Light pen? A7. A light pen is a computer input device in the form of a light-sensitive wand used in conjunction with a computer's CRT TV set or monitor. It allows the to point to displayed objects, or draw on the screen, in a similar way to a touch screen but with greater positional accuracy. A light pen can work with any CRT-based display, but not with LCD screens. Q8. Explain Plotters? A8. A plotter is a computer printing device for printing vector graphics. They are used in engineering applications , cards etc. Q9. What is Multi Function printer? A9. A printer is a peripheral which produces a text and/or graphics of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper. Printers that include non-printing features are sometimes called multifunction printers (MFP), multi-function devices (MFD), or all-in-one (AIO) printers. Most MFPs include printing, scanning, and copying among their features. Q10. What is virus? A10. Virus - A program that often has an incubation period is infectious and is intended to cause damage. A virus program might destroy data and programs or damage a disk drive's boot sector.

Title of the Practical: Configuration of slot 1 motherboard for setting up of a Pentium III processor Q1. Write some preventive maintenance points for PC? A1. Preventive maintenance of system can be categorize in two sections mainly: Hardware maintenance  Change of CMOS  Periodic Checkups of HDD Software maintenance  Windows Update  Disk Defragment  Anti-virus update  Driver Update

Q2. What is the need of maintenance? A2. Preventive maintenance is the process of taking actions proactively which prevents the problem or issue from occurring. It not only saves time and money but also makes easier the process of troubleshooting when a problem occurs, protects the data, improves computer performance, and prolongs hardware life. So maintenance effort can turn a deal of great profit in the long run. Q3. What is defragmentation? A3. Defragment - To 'optimize' or re-write a file to a disk in one contiguous chain of clusters thus speeding up data retrieval. Q4. Explain diagnostic s/w. A4. A diagnostic program is a program written for the express purpose of locating problems with the software, hardware, or any combination thereof in a system, or a network of systems. It repairs the PC. Preferably, diagnostic programs provide solutions to the to solve issues. Q5. Name some diagnostic s/w? A5. Memtest , AMIDiag ,Pc-Check ,QAPlus, WinStress Test etc. Q6. What is Bluetooth? A6. Bluetooth is a open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances (using short wavelength radio transmissions) from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks (PANs) with high levels of security. Q7. Explain Flash drives? A7. A USB flash drive consists of a flash memory data storage device integrated with a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface. USB flash drives are typically removable and rewritable, and physically much smaller than a floppy disk. Q8. What is wireless n/w? A8. A wireless local area network (WLAN) links two or more devices using some wireless distribution method and usually providing a connection through an access point to the wider internet. This gives s the mobility to move around within a local coverage area and still be connected to the network. Q9. What is hard disk? A9. A hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-volatile, random access device for digital data. Q10. What are the types of printers? A10. Printers can also be categorized based on the print method or print technology. The most popular ones are inkjet printer, laser printer, dot-matrix printer and thermal printer. Among these, only dotmatrix printer is impact printer and the others are non-impact printers.

Title of the Practical: Troubleshooting symptom failures in motherboard.

Q1. What is BIOS? A1. BIOS (Basic Input/output System) - Firmware that can control much of a computer's input/output functions, such as communications with the floppy drive and the monitor. Also called ROM BIOS. Q2. What is CMOS? A2. CMOS Setup - (1) The chip on the motherboard that holds configuration information about the system, such as date and time, on which U, hard drives or floppy drives are installed. Also called CMOS or CMOS RAM. The chip is powered by a battery when the PC is turned off. (2) The program in system BIOS that can change the values in CMOS RAM.

Q3. What is POST? A3. POST (Power-On Self Test) - A self-diagnostic program used to perform a single test of the U, RAM and various I/O devices. The POST is performed by startup BIOS when the computer is first turned on and is stored in ROM-BIOS. Q4. What is Disk partitioning? A4. Disk partitioning is the act of dividing a hard disk drive into multiple logical storage units referred to as partitions, to treat one physical disk drive as if it were multiple disks. Q5. What is floppy disk? A floppy disk is a data storage medium that is composed of a disk of thin, flexible ("floppy") magnetic storage medium sealed in a square or rectangular plastic carrier lined with fabric that removes dust particles. Q6. Explain CD ROM? A6. CD-ROM (Read Only Memory) is a pre-pressed compact disc that contains data accessible to, but not writable by, a computer for data storage and music playback. Q7. What is DVD? A7. Digital Versatile Disc, is an optical disc storage media format, and was invented and developed by Philips, Sony, Toshiba, and Time Warner in 1995. Its main uses are video and data storage. Q8. Diff between CD & DVD? A8. DVDs are of the same dimensions as compact discs (CDs), but are capable of storing almost seven times as much data. Q9. How to enter the BIOS or CMOS setup? A9. To enter the CMOS by pressing one of the below five keys during the boot. F2, F8, DEL, ESC, F10

Q10. What interfaces are provided by the BIOS? A10. BIOS have a interface. Typically this is a menu system accessed by pressing a certain key on the keyboard when the PC starts. In the BIOS UI, a can: configure hardware set the system clock enable or disable system components select which devices are eligible to be a potential boot device Set various prompts, such as a for securing access to the BIOS UI functions itself and preventing malicious s from booting the system from unauthorized peripheral devices.

Title of the Practical: : Troubleshooting symptom failures in FDDI.

Q1. What is bootable disk? A1. Bootable disk - For DOS and Windows, a floppy disk that can the OS files necessary for a computer startup. For DOS or Windows 9X, it must contain the files Io.sys, Msdos.sys and Command.com. Q2. What is formatting? A2. Formatting a hard drive enables it to be able to read and write data by creating a partition on the drive. A hard disk drive can be formatted or reformatted depending on what is being done to the drive. Q3. What do you understand by partitioning? A3. When a new hard drive is formatted a bootable partition is created. The partition that is created is where that operating system is installed. Once a drive has been formatted it can then be used as a Master disk or a Slave disk. A second partition can also be created on the hard drive that can be used as a virtual hard drive. Q4. What is file system? A4. Formatting a hard drive requires selecting a file system that will be used on the drive. The file system is what the operating system uses to organize and locate information that is written to various sectors on the hard disk. Q5. Explain CD? A5. A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an discussed to store digital data. It was originally developed to store data & information. Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 mm and can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio (700 MB of data). Q6. What types of CDs are available? A6. Types of CD - CD-ROM, write-once audio and data storage CD-R, rewritable media CD-RW, Video Compact Discs (VCD), Super Video Compact Discs (SVCD), PhotoCD, PictureCD, CD-i, and Enhanced CD, etc Q7. Explain LCD? A7. A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat electronic visual display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals (LCs). LCDs do not emit light directly.

Q8. What are the uses of LCD? A8. They are used in a wide range of applications including: computer monitors, television, instrument s, aircraft cockpit displays, signage, etc. They are common in consumer devices such as video players, gaming devices, clocks, watches, calculators, and telephones. Q9. Explain Primary storage? A9. Primary storage (or main memory or internal memory), often referred to simply as memory, is the only one directly accessible to the U. The U continuously reads instructions stored there and executes them as required. Q10. What is memory unit. What are the types of memory? A10. To store all the data & information in computer that device is called as memory unit. There are mainly 2 types of memory – 1. Primary memory 2. Secondary Memory.

Title of the Practical: Assembly, installation and configuration and troubleshooting of complete Computer system along with input output devices and UPS. Q1. What is device driver? A1. Device driver - A program stored on the hard drive that tells the computer how to communicate with an input/output device such as a printer or a modem. Q2. What is OS? A2. Operating system (OS) - Software that controls a computer. An OS controls how system resources are used and provides a interface, a way of managing hardware and software and ways to work with files. Q3. What do you mean by Application software? A3. Application s/w is computer software designed to help the to perform singular or multiple related specific tasks. It helps to solve problems in the real world. Examples include enterprise software, ing software, office suites, graphics software, and media players. Q4. Explain System S/w? A4. System software is computer software designed to operate the computer hardware and to provide and maintain a platform for running application software. Q5. What is laser printer? A5. A laser printer is a common type of computer printer that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics on plain paper. In this the image is produced by the direct scanning of a laser beam across the printer's photoreceptor. Q6. Explain Secondary storage? A6. A medium (magnetic or optical) that permanently stores computer information for eventual reuse. This is computer memory that is not directly accessible to the processor but uses the I/O channels. It is for storing data not in active use and preserves data even without power, meaning it is non-volatile.

Q7. Give examples of secondary storage devices? A7. Common secondary storage devices are diskettes, hard drives, and tapes. CD-ROM is becoming popular as a very large secondary storage device. Q8. What is CRT? A8. A cathode ray tube is a vacuum tube which consists of one or more electron guns, possibly internal electrostatic deflection plates, and a phosphor target. In television sets and computer monitors, the entire front area of the tube is scanned repetitively and systematically in a fixed pattern called a raster. Q9. What do you know about MS-Office? A9. MS- Office is the Microsoft-office. Its is software package that contains many application s/ws such as MS-word, MS- PowerPoint, MS-Excel etc. for various uses. It was developed by Microsoft. The latest version of MS-Office is Office10. Q10. What is software? A10. Computer instructions or data. Anything that can be stored electronically is software. The storage devices and display devices are hardware.

Title of the Practical: Installation of operating system. Q1 What is an operating system? A1An operating system is an interface between and computer. Q2 What are the features of Linux operating system. A2 Multi capability, multitasking facility, portability, communication. Q3 What is Kernel? A3 It is interface between h/w and shell. Q4 what is Shell? A4 It is interface between kernel and application. Q5 what is application? A5 it is interface between and shell. Q6 Explain Root(/). A6 It is root directory which contains all other portion of file system. Q7 Explain /lib. A7 It contain all library file. Q8 Explain /bin. A8 It contain all binary file. Q9 Explain /temp. A9 It contain all temporary file. Q10 Explain “/.” A10 “/ ” -it contain all related file.

Title of the Practical: Installation of application software like MS-Office 2000 and Star Office Q1 What is pc cards? A1 Multi types of cards used in PC that is called PC card. Q2 Define interfacing? A2 Interface is communicator. Q3Use of PC cards. A3To maintain a different types of PC cards in PC. Q4 Use of interfacing. A4 To maintain a different types of PC cards in PC. Q5 What is sound card? A5 Transfer the information form one device to another devise. Q6 What is network card? A6 This is piece of h/w allows your computer to be connect to a e/w of other computer. Q7 What is video card? A7 It is responsible for creating all that you see on your computer monitor. Q8 Sound card is also called as? A8 Audio Board. Q9 What is interface? A9 Interface is process of communication. Q10 Use of PC cards. A10 To maintain a different types of PC cards in PC.

Title of the Practical: Installation of Diagnostic software. Q1 What is word processing package ? A1 The term word processing describes use of hardware and software to create , edit , view , format store , retrieve and print documents. Q2 What is spreadsheet package? A2 Spreadsheet is a numerical data analysis tool that allows us to create a computerized ledger. Q3 What is graphics package? A3 Graphics packages enable us to use a computer system to create, edit, view and anything else that can be drawn in traditional manner. Q4 What is personal assistance package ? A4 Personal assistance package allow individuals to use personal computers to store and retrieve their personal information .Eg. calendar, to dolist. Q5 What is address book ? A5 Address book enables s t6o record names, addresses, telephone numbers, etc. Q6 What is software package ? A6 A group of programs that solve a specific problem, or perform a specific type of job. For eg. A word processing package. Q7 What is software ? A7 A set of computer programs , procedures and associated documents related to the effective operation of a computer systems. Q8 What is software piracy ? A8 Illegal copying or use of software. Q9 What is unconditional transfer ? A9 A program instruction that causes program control to flow out of normal sequence unconditionally. Q10 Define utilities ? A10 A set of programs that help s perform system maintenance and other tasks of routine nature.

Title of the Practical: Installation of antivirus software.

Q1. What is firewall? A1. Firewall - Hardware or software that protects a computer or network from unauthorized access. Q2. What is Trojan horse? A2. Trojan horse - A type of infestation that hides or disguises itself as a useful program yet is designed to cause damage at a later time. Q3. What is virus? A3. Virus - A program that often has an incubation period is infectious and is intended to cause damage. A virus program might destroy data and programs or damage a disk drive's boot sector. Q4. Give name of some common virus? A4. Acid virus, Ajax, Anti-CMOS, Back-Time, Byte Warrior, Code 252, W13, winvir etc. Q5. Explain Antivirus? A5. Antivirus or anti-virus software is used to prevent, detect, and remove viruses, worms, and Trojan horses. It may also prevent and remove adware, spyware, and other forms of malware. Q6. Give some name of popular Anti virus S/W? A6. Some Popular Antivirus are- AVG, Avast,

Bit Defender,

Norton,

MacAfee,

Quick-Heal.

Q7. What is Email virus? A7. Email viruses use email messages to spread. An email virus can automatically forward itself to thousands of people, depending on whose email address it attacks. Q8. How to avoid Email virus? A8. To avoid receiving virus-laden emails, always check that your antivirus software is up-to-date and also stay clear of opening attachments, even from friends that you weren't expecting or don't know anything about. Also, block unwanted email viruses by installing a spam filter and spam blocker. Q9. What is worm? A9. A Worm is a virus program that copies and multiplies itself by using computer networks and security flaws. Worms are more complex than Trojan viruses, and usually attack multi- systems such as Unix environments and can spread over corporate networks via the circulation of emails. Once multiplied, the copied worms scan the network for further loopholes and flaws in the network. A classic example of a worm is the ILOVEYOU virus. Q10. How to protect computer from the worms? A10. The best way you can protect yourself from worms is by updating your security patches. Operating systems and application vendors normally provide these patches. In addition, you should avoid opening email attachments from unknown senders.

Title of the Practical: Preventive maintenance of the computer system. Q1 Who is a hacker? A1 A computer enthusiast who uses a computer as a source of recreation by pushing its capabilities to its limits. Q2 Who is internet service provider ISP? A2 An organization that maintains one or more gateways computers and provides internet access facility to other s . Q3: What is hypermedia? A3: A set of documents in which a given document can contain text, graphics video and audio clips as well as embedded references to other documents world wide web pages are hypermedia documents Q4: What is hypertext? A4:Hyper text is an application of indexing text to provide a rapid search of specific text strings in one or more documents. Hypertext is an integral part of hypermedia documents. In multimedia applications, a hypermedia documents is the basic complex object of which text is a sub-object. Other sub-objects in the basic object include images, sound, and full-motion video.. Q5: What is layer ? A5: We can define layer as sheets of pixels that can be edited independently , without affecting the other part of image. Q6: Define clipping? A6: Clipping is the method of cutting a graphics display to neatly fit a predefined graphics region or the view port Q7 What is a frameset? A7 create a frameset document that defines a particular combination of frames, and then display your content documents inside those frames. The frameset document should also include alternative nonframed content in a NOFRAMES element Q8 What is an editor ? A8 Software used to interactively review and modify text materials and other program instructions. Q9 What is an emulator ? A9 A program that permits one computer to execute the machine language instruction of another computer of different make. Q10 What do you mean by ing ? A10 Moving a file from ones own computer to a remote computer in a network environment.

Title of the Practical: Debugging the computer system. Q1 What is debugging ? A1 Both syntax and logic errors are known as bugs, and the process of locating and correcting these errors is known as debugging. Q2 What are the methods for locating and correcting errors ? A2 Following are the errors: Doing hand simulation of the program code, putting print statements in the program code, Using a debugger, using memory dump. Q3 What do you mean by testing ? A3 Testing is the process of validating the correctness of a program. Its objective is to demonstrate that the program meets its design specification. Q4 Is testing is definable or reactive ? A4 Testing is a definable process that can and should be planned and scheduled properly. Q5 Is debugging is definable or reactive ? A5 Debugging, being a reactive process , cannot be planned ahead of time. It is carried out whenever errors are detected in a program. Q6 What is documentation ? A6 Documentation is the process of collecting, organizing, storing and maintaining a complete historical record of programs and other documents used or prepared during the different phases of the life cycle of software. Q7 What is RGP ? A7 RGP stands for report program generator. Q8 What are the different types of program errors ? A8 Different types of errors are: Syntax error and logical error. Q9 What do you mean by syntax error ? A9 Syntax error occur when the rules or syntax of a programming language are not followed. Such program errors typically involve incorrect word sequence. Q10 What do you mean by logic error ? A10 Logic errors occur when we make errors in planning the program’s logic or while converting the logic into program code.