CSR in Asia Asia is the largest and most populous of the earth’s continents. Asia includes a full 30% of the world's land area with 60% of the world's current population. It also has the highest growth rate today, and its population almost quadrupled during the 20th There are a total of 51 countries in Asia. In 2013, the population of Asia is estimated at 4.299 billion. Russia is excluded from Asia's population, although there are about 40 million Russians who live in Asia, or east of the Ural Mountains. century. (Asia Population 2016, 2016). Asia has the two most populous countries in its borders: China and India. China is currently the most populous country on earth with an estimated population in 2013 of 1,357,379,000. It s for 31.69% of Asia's total population. Moreover, these two nations are part of the BRIC countries who are distinguished from a host of other promising emerging markets by their demographic and economic potential to rank among the world’s largest and most influential economies in the 21st century (and by having a reasonable chance of realizing that potential). (Global Sphera, 2016) The combination of its cheap labor and constant economic growth, Asia has made Asia an attractive continent to conduct ones’ business for years. CSR in Asia Global experience shows that regulatory frameworks are needed to ensure that business activities are socially responsible. Nevertheless, today CSR is being used by stakeholders as a way of promoting a culture of legal compliance and respect for standards. With globalization, a weakened state facing countless of socio-economic, developmental and environmental challenges, is using CSR as a counter-balance to the powerful business sector. So challenges occur on all sides. As CSR is a concept which was born in western countries, the concept brings along several challenges in Asia due to the culture difference and other factors. There are multiple challenges regarding CSR Asia, and corruption tops the list. Furthermore, the misunderstanding between cots and benefits is a reoccurring challenge in the continent. Very often business still interpreters CSR as a cost, and in instances when it is willing to embrace CSR, business is determined by the challenge of actual implementation.
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CSR Toyota Introduction Every company is required to take responsibility for their internal as well as external acts in its business environment. Such acts include the environment, social welfare, human resource initiatives, relationships among the firm and its employees, health and safety of the employees at work and any additional moral or ethical measures that a company is supposed to adopt. CSR at Toyota Since its foundation, Toyota has continuously strived to contribute to the sustainable development of society through the manufacture and provision of innovative and quality products and services that lead the times. Motor vehicles greatly expand the freedom of mobility, but are also related to and affect a number of social and environmental issues. Always bearing this in mind “we listen carefully to our customers and neighbors in local communities to pursue our business, seeking harmony with people, society, and the global environment, as well as the sustainable development of society through monozukuri” In the main line of their business, automobile manufacturing, Toyota develops and introduces environmentally friendly vehicles in addition to mechanisms for active and ive safety. The company also rolls out new businesses in such areas as biotechnology, afforestation, energy etc. Furthermore, the company pursues initiatives for social contributions that focus on "the environment," "traffic safety," and "education." Such activities centering on automobile manufacturing are designed to help people in the wider community and bring them happiness—this is Toyota's aspiration. The basis of Toyota’s rationale is its CSR Policy: Contribution towards Sustainable Development. Toyota aims to become a company that is ired and trusted by society by ensuring that all employees recognize and put into practice the company’s CSR Policy. Toyota also shares it with their consolidated subsidiaries and take appropriate action. And they expect their business partners to this initiative and act in accordance with it. In addition, Toyota participated in the formulation of and observe the standards outlined in the Charter of Corporate Behavior of the Nippon Keidanren (Japan Business Foundation), an alliance of leading Japanese corporations. (Toyota, 2016)
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Toyota has structured its CSR structure into several committees, each hosted by a different chairman.
CSR Policy In January 2005, Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) announced the Contribution towards Sustainable Development, an interpretation of the Guiding Principles at Toyota that takes into consideration Toyota's relations with stakeholders. This was revised in August 2008 to become the CSR Policy: Contribution towards Sustainable Development to take into subsequent environmental changes and heightened societal interest in CSR. Toyota’s CSR statement claims the following: “We, Toyota Motor Corporation and our subsidiaries, take initiative to contribute to harmonious and sustainable development of society and the earth through all business activities that we carry out in each country and region, based on our Guiding Principles. We comply with local, national and international laws and regulations as well as the spirit thereof and we conduct our business operations with honesty and integrity. In order to contribute to sustainable development, we believe that management interacting with its stakeholders as described below is of considerable importance, and we will endeavor to build and maintain sound relationships with our stakeholders through open and fair communication. We expect our business partners to this initiative and act in accordance with it.” (Toyota, 2016) 3
Toyota has established several meeting in order to strive their objectives regarding CSR. The company started a Corporate Planning Meeting and Corporate Governance Meeting as the bodies responsible for raising corporate value, and implements activities from a long-term, companywide perspective. Issues discussed during the corporate planning meeting include Basic corporate policies for contributing to the sustainable development of society and the earth, Global CSR policies and activities, Sustainable growth strategies for corporate value enhancement Social contribution, environmental issues and other social issues. Whereas the corporate governance meeting has been established in order to deliberate corporate ethics, compliance, and corporate governance significant issues concerning risk management. The company has divided its CSR in five main categories:
Customers Business partners Employees Shareholders Global Society/Global Communities
Furthermore, the company believes to follow five main principles which are highly related to CSR. These have been established in 1992 and are still highly important to the firm nowadays. These five principles state the following:
Always be faithful to your duties, thereby contributing to the company and to the overall good. Always be studious and creative, striving to stay ahead of the times. Always be practical and avoid frivolousness. Always strive to build a homelike atmosphere at work that is warm and friendly. Always have respect for spiritual matters, and to be grateful at all times.
Moreover, Toyota has positioned several additional principles which have been visualized by the company in the following way.
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Toyota’s goals In order to realize the Toyota Global Vision, Toyota has set goals and established the Toyota Visionary Management Indices as KPI to assess the progress being made towards achieving those goals. Each responsible division is conducting self-evaluations and implementing PDCA to strengthen CSR activities.
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