Design Movements - Gcse Product Design 5n495l
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Design Movements • • • • • • • •
Arts & Crafts Art Nouveau Art Deco Bauhaus Modernism De Stijl Memphis Post Modernism
Arts & Crafts 1850 - 1900 • Simplicity – hand made • Inspiration from nature – plants, birds and animals. • Natural forms and materials • Colour and texture • William Morris – “Have nothing in your houses that you do not know to be useful, or believe to be beautiful”
• Some Victorian designers, led by William Morris, rejected the ideas of the industrial revolution. • They believed that automation and mass production separated designers from their products, and that the crafts and workmanship of the past were dying out. • These designers preferred to design and make products that were original and hand-crafted. • The Arts and Crafts Movement produced designs based on forms in nature, such as animals and plants. • Making the designs required highly skilled workers, so most of the products were too expensive for the average person to buy.
Art Nouveau 1890 - 1905 • Curvy ‘whiplash’ lines and stylised flowers • Elongated lines, leaves, roots, buds & seedpods. • Exotic insects and peacock feathers • Inspiration from Nature and the female form • Charles Rennie Mackintosh – Glasgow based designer & architect – Contrasting monochrome colours & the use of geometric shapes in his work
• Mackintosh trained as an architect and interior designer in Glasgow, Scotland. • He didn’t like the fussy and overdecorated Victorian style that dominated the early Arts and Craft Movement. • Mackintosh preferred to incorporate geometric shapes into his design. • Much of his work is based around contrasting monochrome colours and the creative use of empty space. • He developed what is known as the ‘Glasgow Style’.
Art Deco 1925 - 1939 • • • •
Geometric forms Symmetry and repetition Zig-zagged geometric fan motifs and sunbursts Inspiration from ancient Egypt and Aztec Mexican Art • Discovery of Tutankhamum’s tomb • Machine age; explicit use of man made materials • Key designer: Claris Cliff (ceramicist)
• Philosophy…. – Popular Modernism. – Opulent architectural and decorative arts style which was a direct reaction to the post war austerity. – It was regarded as a ‘glamorous’ period.
• Style…. – Zig-Zagged, geometric fan motifs. – Symmetry & repetition. – Inspiration from ancient Egypt.
•
So what is Art Deco?..
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THjB9r2McHA&feature=relate d http://www.artofthestate.co.uk/london_photos/wallis_house.htm
Bauhaus 1919 - 1933 • • • • •
Form follows function Products for a machine age Every day objects for every day people Modern materials Simple, geometrically pure forms and clean lines • Omitting decorative frills • Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer and Mies van der Rohe
• The Bauhaus was a German art and architecture school which existed from 1919 to 1933. It was founded by Walter Gropius, a German architect. • The Bauhaus wanted to design and manufacture products, architecture and print that was functional, cheap and compatible with mass production techniques. • They believed strongly in honesty of materials and that a product’s function should be reflected in its aesthetic qualities. • New materials and manufacturing processes provided a catalyst for much of their work.
Examples • Which Design Movement? – Art Nouveau
• Key elements? – Curvy ‘whiplash’ lines and stylised flowers – Elongated lines, leaves, roots, buds & seedpods. – Exotic insects and peacock feathers – Inspiration from Nature and the female form
Modernism….
• Was influences by industrial designs and made use of geometric shapes. Movements that are influenced by technological developments in industry are: – Bauhaus – Art Deco – De Stijl
• They rejected decorative forms and embraced a look that they felt was universally acceptable. It was a period of design, literature, music & architecture that spans from 1920’s to 1960’s . Key figures include Le Corbusier – a French designer & architecture. • Machines for living….
Modernism…
De Stijl 1917 - 1931 • Black outlines • Inspiration using extreme geometric designs, rectangles and primary colours • Ultimate simplicity and abstraction • Disconnected lines • Inspired completely new designs in furniture & architecture • Artist: Mondrian & Designer: Rietveld
1970’s to the present day…. • By the 1980’s the designer name or brand was important to consumers: – Designer labels spread from fashion to other areas of product design – Promotion and packaging became a key part of the complete product.
Memphis…. • The Memphis group was an alternative viewpoint to minimalism: – It was started by a group of Italian designers, led by Ettore Sottsass. – They produced highly decorative laminates and humorous products. – Their post modernism influence can be seen in many of today's products.
Memphis….
Post modernism… • The history: – It is largely influenced by the western European disillusionment caused from WW2. – It is anything BUT the ordinary in that it presents extreme complexity, contradictory, and diversity. – Diverse ideas, designs and innovations that are intended to provoke a reaction. • Memphis is part of this design period also.
Post Modernism….
Post Modernism…. – It is also referred to as Modern Design & includes Alberto Alessi, George Sowden (Memphis Designer) & Mendini, the founder of the Italian Style, as key figures of this period. – The movement likes combining new materials & interesting combinations are key.
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Bauhaus • Key elements? • Form follows function • Products for a machine age • Every day objects for every day people • Modern materials • Simple, geometrically pure forms and clean lines
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Arts & Crafts • Key elements? • Simplicity – hand made • Inspiration from nature – plants, birds and animals. • Natural forms and materials • Colour and texture • William Morris
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Art Deco • Key elements? • Geometric forms • Symmetry and repetition • Zig-zagged geometric fan motifs and sunbursts • Inspiration from ancient Egypt and Aztec Mexican Art
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Modernism • Key elements? • Was influences by industrial designs and made use of geometric shapes. • Rejected decorative forms.
Examples Which Design Movement? • Post Modernism Key elements? • Modern design • Creating a statement • Designers: Alessi & Mendini What is the product? • Juicy Salif • By Alessi • It’s a juicer • Function follows form!
Examples • Which Design Movement? • De Stijl • Key elements? • Inspiration from basic rectangles and primary colours • Black outlines • Geometric designs to the extreme • Ultimate simplicity and abstraction • Disconnected lines • Artist Mondrian
Arts & Crafts Art Nouveau Art Deco Bauhaus Modernism De Stijl Memphis Post Modernism
Arts & Crafts 1850 - 1900 • Simplicity – hand made • Inspiration from nature – plants, birds and animals. • Natural forms and materials • Colour and texture • William Morris – “Have nothing in your houses that you do not know to be useful, or believe to be beautiful”
• Some Victorian designers, led by William Morris, rejected the ideas of the industrial revolution. • They believed that automation and mass production separated designers from their products, and that the crafts and workmanship of the past were dying out. • These designers preferred to design and make products that were original and hand-crafted. • The Arts and Crafts Movement produced designs based on forms in nature, such as animals and plants. • Making the designs required highly skilled workers, so most of the products were too expensive for the average person to buy.
Art Nouveau 1890 - 1905 • Curvy ‘whiplash’ lines and stylised flowers • Elongated lines, leaves, roots, buds & seedpods. • Exotic insects and peacock feathers • Inspiration from Nature and the female form • Charles Rennie Mackintosh – Glasgow based designer & architect – Contrasting monochrome colours & the use of geometric shapes in his work
• Mackintosh trained as an architect and interior designer in Glasgow, Scotland. • He didn’t like the fussy and overdecorated Victorian style that dominated the early Arts and Craft Movement. • Mackintosh preferred to incorporate geometric shapes into his design. • Much of his work is based around contrasting monochrome colours and the creative use of empty space. • He developed what is known as the ‘Glasgow Style’.
Art Deco 1925 - 1939 • • • •
Geometric forms Symmetry and repetition Zig-zagged geometric fan motifs and sunbursts Inspiration from ancient Egypt and Aztec Mexican Art • Discovery of Tutankhamum’s tomb • Machine age; explicit use of man made materials • Key designer: Claris Cliff (ceramicist)
• Philosophy…. – Popular Modernism. – Opulent architectural and decorative arts style which was a direct reaction to the post war austerity. – It was regarded as a ‘glamorous’ period.
• Style…. – Zig-Zagged, geometric fan motifs. – Symmetry & repetition. – Inspiration from ancient Egypt.
•
So what is Art Deco?..
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THjB9r2McHA&feature=relate d http://www.artofthestate.co.uk/london_photos/wallis_house.htm
Bauhaus 1919 - 1933 • • • • •
Form follows function Products for a machine age Every day objects for every day people Modern materials Simple, geometrically pure forms and clean lines • Omitting decorative frills • Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer and Mies van der Rohe
• The Bauhaus was a German art and architecture school which existed from 1919 to 1933. It was founded by Walter Gropius, a German architect. • The Bauhaus wanted to design and manufacture products, architecture and print that was functional, cheap and compatible with mass production techniques. • They believed strongly in honesty of materials and that a product’s function should be reflected in its aesthetic qualities. • New materials and manufacturing processes provided a catalyst for much of their work.
Examples • Which Design Movement? – Art Nouveau
• Key elements? – Curvy ‘whiplash’ lines and stylised flowers – Elongated lines, leaves, roots, buds & seedpods. – Exotic insects and peacock feathers – Inspiration from Nature and the female form
Modernism….
• Was influences by industrial designs and made use of geometric shapes. Movements that are influenced by technological developments in industry are: – Bauhaus – Art Deco – De Stijl
• They rejected decorative forms and embraced a look that they felt was universally acceptable. It was a period of design, literature, music & architecture that spans from 1920’s to 1960’s . Key figures include Le Corbusier – a French designer & architecture. • Machines for living….
Modernism…
De Stijl 1917 - 1931 • Black outlines • Inspiration using extreme geometric designs, rectangles and primary colours • Ultimate simplicity and abstraction • Disconnected lines • Inspired completely new designs in furniture & architecture • Artist: Mondrian & Designer: Rietveld
1970’s to the present day…. • By the 1980’s the designer name or brand was important to consumers: – Designer labels spread from fashion to other areas of product design – Promotion and packaging became a key part of the complete product.
Memphis…. • The Memphis group was an alternative viewpoint to minimalism: – It was started by a group of Italian designers, led by Ettore Sottsass. – They produced highly decorative laminates and humorous products. – Their post modernism influence can be seen in many of today's products.
Memphis….
Post modernism… • The history: – It is largely influenced by the western European disillusionment caused from WW2. – It is anything BUT the ordinary in that it presents extreme complexity, contradictory, and diversity. – Diverse ideas, designs and innovations that are intended to provoke a reaction. • Memphis is part of this design period also.
Post Modernism….
Post Modernism…. – It is also referred to as Modern Design & includes Alberto Alessi, George Sowden (Memphis Designer) & Mendini, the founder of the Italian Style, as key figures of this period. – The movement likes combining new materials & interesting combinations are key.
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Bauhaus • Key elements? • Form follows function • Products for a machine age • Every day objects for every day people • Modern materials • Simple, geometrically pure forms and clean lines
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Arts & Crafts • Key elements? • Simplicity – hand made • Inspiration from nature – plants, birds and animals. • Natural forms and materials • Colour and texture • William Morris
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Art Deco • Key elements? • Geometric forms • Symmetry and repetition • Zig-zagged geometric fan motifs and sunbursts • Inspiration from ancient Egypt and Aztec Mexican Art
Examples • Which Design Movement? • Modernism • Key elements? • Was influences by industrial designs and made use of geometric shapes. • Rejected decorative forms.
Examples Which Design Movement? • Post Modernism Key elements? • Modern design • Creating a statement • Designers: Alessi & Mendini What is the product? • Juicy Salif • By Alessi • It’s a juicer • Function follows form!
Examples • Which Design Movement? • De Stijl • Key elements? • Inspiration from basic rectangles and primary colours • Black outlines • Geometric designs to the extreme • Ultimate simplicity and abstraction • Disconnected lines • Artist Mondrian
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