Educational Outputs 4n2n6z

Topic 4 : Educational Outputs

Prof . Dr . Mohammad Iqbal (University of Education)

Input Iron Ore (Cheap Price)

Steel (Relatively High Price)

Steel Lock (High Price) Output

Output can be calculated by price X quantity

Educational Output • Cannot calculated by output price Why ??? • We cannot determine the salaries / wages of labour • Then , what is Educational Output ??? • It can be determine by input cost

• Schreyer (2009b) and Fraumeni et al. (2008) define the output of the education sector as the effect of education on the level of students of knowledge, skills, and

competencies .

• This is also referred to as investment in human capital

Educational Output = Cost of Educational services Educational Output

Educational Input

Define Educational output • The value of Educational output is measured by what is spent on Educational services. • Broadly Speaking , the expenditure is on the salaries of the staff , the cost of building , materials , cooling and heating system and so on . • Educational Outputs = Cost of Educational services + Inflation (say 5%, 10%)

Kinds of Educational Outputs • School Outputs (Class 1 to 12) • University Outputs (13 to PhD)

School Outputs (Class 1 to 12) Types of School Outputs • Cognitive Outputs

• Non-Cognitive Outputs • School Outputs

Cognitive Outputs • • • •

Learning Skills Writing Skill Basic Mathematical Skills Special Skills

• Standard Test to measure Cognitive Output.

Non-Cognitive Outputs • Moral Values and Ethical Values (Moral Values: Honesty , Justices , Tolerance

etc. ) • Social Skills • Interpersonal Relations Measured by Psychological Test .

Measuring School Outputs

University Outputs • • • •

Civilization Research Information Storage Teaching Outputs –Maturation –Filtration –Development of Productive Skills

Civilization Creative achievements •

• New Ways / discovery • Insurance against unknown risk

Alhamra First Assembly

Research • Discovery

of New Areas / Field

• Problem Solving • Efficiency and Effectiveness Methods in Practical

Information Storage

• Library (Books + Journal + Research ) • Quality Work

Teaching Outputs – Maturation (better understanding – Filtration

(Market base Subjects) – Development of Productive Skills (New Methods of Production / Efficiency in Production )

Aggregation of Different Output

University Output = teaching (learning )+ research (quality work)