Foss Lab Programs 2m2y61

II Year – II SEMESTER

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FREE OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE (FOSS) LAB Objectives:  To teach students various unix utilities and shell scripting Programs: 1. Session-1 a)to the system b)Use vi editor to create a file called myfile.txt which contains some text. c)correct typing errors during creation. d)Save the file e) of the system Session-2 a)to the system b)open the file created in session 1 c)Add some text d)Change some text e)Delete some text f)Save the Changes g) of the system 2. a)to the system b)Use the cat command to create a file containing the following data. Call it mytable use tabs to separate the fields. 1425 Ravi 15.65 4320 Ramu 26.27 6830 Sita 36.15 1450 Raju 21.86 c)Use the cat command to display the file, mytable. d)Use the vi command to correct any errors in the file, mytable. e)Use the sort command to sort the file mytable according to the first field. Call the sorted file my table (same name) f)Print the file mytable g)Use the cut and paste commands to swap fields 2 and 3 of mytable. Call it my table (same name) h)Print the new file, mytable i) of the system.

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a) to the system b)Use the appropriate command to determine your shell c)Use the /etc/wd file to the result of step b. d)Use the who command and redirect the result to a file called myfile1. Use the more command to see the contents of myfile1. e)Use the date and who commands in sequence (in one line) such that the output of date will display on the screen and the output of who will be redirected to a file called myfile2. Use the more command to check the contents of myfile2. a)Write a sed command that deletes the first character in each line in a

file. b)Write a sed command that deletes the character before the last character in each line in a file. c)Write a sed command that swaps the first and second words in each line in a file. 4. a)Pipe your /etc/wd file to awk, and print out the home directory of each . b)Develop an interactive grep script that asks for a word and a file name and then tells how many lines contain that word. c)Repeat d)Part using awk 5. a)Write a shell script that takes a command –line argument and reports on whether it is directory, a file, or something else. b)Write a shell script that accepts one or more file name as arguments and converts all of them to uppercase, provided they exist in the current directory. c)Write a shell script that determines the period for which a specified is working on the system. 6. a)Write a shell script that accepts a file name starting and ending line numbers as arguments and displays all the lines between the given line numbers. b)Write a shell script that deletes all lines containing a specified word in one or more files supplied as arguments to it. 7. a)Write a shell script that computes the gross salary of a employee according to the following rules: i)If basic salary is < 1500 then HRA =10% of the basic and DA =90% of the basic. ii)If basic salary is >=1500 then HRA =Rs500 and DA=98% of the basic The basic salary is entered interactively through the key board. b)Write a shell script that accepts two integers as its arguments and computers the value of first number raised to the power of the second number. 8. a)Write an interactive file-handling shell program. Let it offer the the choice of copying, removing, renaming, or linking files. Once the has made a choice, have the program ask the for the necessary information, such as the file name, new name and so on. b)Write shell script that takes a name as command – line argument and reports when that person logs in c)Write a shell script which receives two file names as arguments. It should check whether the two file contents are same or not. If they are same then second file should be deleted. 9. a)Write a shell script that displays a list of all the files in the current directory to which the has read, write and execute permissions. b)Develop an interactive script that ask for a word and a file name and then tells how many times that word occurred in the file. c)Write a shell script to perform the following string operations: i)To extract a sub-string from a given string. ii)To find the length of a given string. 10 .Write a C program that takes one or more file or directory names as command line input and reports the following information on the file: i)File type ii)Number of links iii)Read, write and execute permissions iv)Time of last access (Note : Use stat/fstat system calls) 11. Write C programs that simulate the following unix commands: a)mv b) (Use system calls) 12. Write a C program that simulates ls Command (Use system calls / directory API)

13. Do the following Shell programs also 1) Write a shell script to check whether a particular has logged in or not. If he has logged in, also check whether he has eligibility to receive a message or not 2) Write a shell script to accept the name of the file from standard input and perform the following tests on it a) File executable b) File readable c) File writable d) Both readable & writable 3) Write a shell script which will display the name and terminal name who recently in to the unix system 4) Write a shell script to find no. of files in a directory 5) Write a shell script to check whether a given number is perfect or not

echo Enter a number read no i=1 ans=0 while [ $i -le 'expr $no / 2' ] do if [ 'expr $no % $i' -eq 0 ] then ans='expr $ans + $i' fi i='expr $i + 1' done if [ $no -eq $ans ] then echo $no is perfect else echo $no is NOT perfect fi

6) Write a menu driven shell script to copy, edit, rename and delete a file 7) Write a shell script for concatenation of two strings echo Enter first string: read s1 echo Enter second string: read s2 s3=$s1$s2 len=`echo $s3 | wc -c` len=`expr $len - 1` echo Concatinated stringis $s3 of length $len

3) Write a shell script which will display Fibonacci series up to a given number of argument #!/bin/bash c=0 a=1

b=1 read -p "Enter limit of fibonacci Series:" n echo -n "$a " echo -n "$b " #Fibonacci series logic while((c
9) Write a shell script to accept student number, name, marks in 5 subjects. Find total, average and grade. Display the result of student and store in a file called stu.dat Rules: avg>=80 then grade A Avg<80&&Avg>=70 then grade B Avg<70&&Avg>=60 then grade C Avg<60&&Avg>=50 then grade D Avg<50&&Avg>=40 then grade E Else grade F 10) Write a shell script to accept empno,empname,basic. Find DA,HRA,TA,PF using following rules. Display empno, empname, basic, DA,HRA,PF,TA,GROSS SAL and NETSAL. Also store all details in a file called emp.dat Rules: HRA is 18% of basic if basic > 5000 otherwise 550 DA is 35% of basic PF is 13% of basic IT is 14% of basic TA is 10% of basic 11) Write a shell script to demonstrate break and continue statements

In the following shell script, the break command exits from a while loop when the variable a has a value of 5 or greater: #!/bin/sh a=0

while [ $a -lt 10 ] do echo $a if [ $a -eq 5 ] then break fi a=`expr $a + 1` done

...and produces the following output: 0 1 2 3 4 5

This next example uses the form break n to break from a nested loop. #!/bin/sh for var1 in 1 2 3 do for var2 in 0 1 2 3 do if [ $var1 -eq 2 -a $var2 -eq 1 ] then break 2 else echo "$var1 $var2" fi done done

In the above script, the outer loop sets var1 to 1, then the inner loop sets var2 to the values 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Then the outermost loop sets var1 to 2 and the inner loop sets var2 to the values of 0 and 1 — at which point the conditions are met to execute break 2, which terminates both loops. It will produce the following output: 1 1 1 1 2

0 1 2 3 0

12) Write a shell script to satisfy the following menu options a. Display current directory path b. Display todays date c. Display s who are connected to the unix system d. Quit 13) Write a shell script to delete all files whose size is zero bytes from current directory 14) Write a shell script to display string palindrome from given arguments

clear echo "Enter a string to be entered:" read str echo len=`echo $str | wc -c` len=`expr $len - 1` i=1 j=`expr $len / 2` while test $i -le $j do k=`echo $str | cut -c $i` l=`echo $str | cut -c $len` if test $k != $l then echo "String is not palindrome" exit fi i=`expr $i + 1` len=`expr $len - 1` done echo "String is palindrome"

15) Write a shell script which will display Armstrong numbers from given arguments echo "Enter a number: " read c x=$c sum=0 r=0 n=0 while [ $x -gt 0 ] do r=`expr $x % 10` n=`expr $r \* $r \* $r` sum=`expr $sum + $n` x=`expr $x / 10` done if [ $sum -eq $c ] then echo "It is an Armstrong Number." else echo "It is not an Armstrong Number." f ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------OUTPUT Enter a number:

153 It is an Armstrong Number.

16) Write a shell script to display reverse numbers from given argument list clear echo "Enter a number" read n sd=0 rev=0 while [ $n -gt 0 ] do sd=$(( $n % 10 )) rev=$(( $rev *\ 10 + $sd )) n=$(( $n / 10 )) done echo "Reverse number of entered digit is $rev"

17) Write a shell script to display factorial value from given argument list

echo "Total no of factorial wants" read fact ans=1 counter=0 while [ $fact -ne $counter ] do counter=`expr $counter + 1` ans=`expr $ans \* $counter` done echo "Total of factorial is $ans" ------------------------------------------------------------------output ------------------------------------------------------------------Total no of factorial wants 5 Total of factorial is 120

18) Write a shell script which will find maximum file size in the given argument list 19) Write a shell script which will greet you “Good Morning”, ”Good Afternoon”, “Good Evening’ and “Good Night” according to current time h=`date +%H` if [ $h -lt 12 ]; then echo Good morning elif [ $h -lt 18 ]; then

echo Good afternoon else echo Good evening fi

You could get the time like this: TIME=$(date "+%H") if [ $TIME -lt 12 ]; then echo "Good morning" elif [ $TIME -lt 18 ]]; then echo "Good afternoon" else echo "Good evening" fi

20) Write a shell script to sort the elements in a array using bubble sort technique #!/bin/bash echo "enter maximum number" read n # taking input from echo "enter Numbers in array:" for (( i = 0; i < $n; i++ )) do read nos[$i] done #printing the number before sorting echo "Numbers in an array are:" for (( i = 0; i < $n; i++ )) do echo ${nos[$i]} done # Now do the Sorting of numbers for (( i = 0; i < $n ; i++ )) do for (( j = $i; j < $n; j++ )) do if [ ${nos[$i]} -gt ${nos[$j]} ]; then t=${nos[$i]} nos[$i]=${nos[$j]} nos[$j]=$t fi done done # Printing the sorted number echo -e "\nSorted Numbers "

for (( i=0; i < $n; i++ )) do echo ${nos[$i]} done

21) Write a shell script to find largest element in a array max=0 for n in "${ar[@]}" ; do ((n > max)) && max=$n done echo $max

a=(10 30 44 44 69 12 11 100) max=0 for v in ${a[@]}; do if (( $v > $max )); then max=$v; fi; done echo $max

result in 100

22) Write an awk program to print sum, avg of students marks list 23) Write an awk program to display students /fail report 24) Write an awk program to count the no. of vowels in a given file 25) Write an awk program which will find maximum word and its length in the given input File 26) Write a shell script to generate the mathematical tables. i=1 echo enter value read a while [ $i -le $a ] do j=1 while [ $j -le 10 ] do echo -e `expr $i \* $j` "\c\t" let j=j+1 done let i=i+1 echo -e "\n" done 27) Write a shell script to sort elements of given array by using selection sort. #! /bin/bash ar=(10 30 44 44 69 12 11) IFS=$'\n' echo "${ar[*]}" | sort -nr | head -n1

28) Write a shell script to search given number using binary search. echo Enter array limit read limit echo Enter elements n=1 while [ $n -le $limit ] do read num eval arr$n=$num n=`expr $n + 1` done echo Enter key element read key low=1 high=$n found=0 while [ $found -eq 0 -a $high -gt $low ] do mid=`expr \( $low + $high \) / 2` eval t=\$arr$mid if [ $key -eq $t ] then found=1 elif [ $key -lt $t ] then high=`expr $mid - 1`

else low=`expr $mid + 1` fi done if [ $found -eq 0 ] then echo Unsuccessfull search else echo Successfull search fi

29) Write a shell script to find number of vowels, consonants, numbers, white spaces and special characters in a given string.

#!/bin/bash # Shell program to count # Vowels, blank spaces, characters, number of line and symbols # A, E, I, O, U # -------------------------------------------------------------------# This is a free shell script under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above # Copyright (C) 2005 nixCraft project. # /comment/suggestions : http://cyberciti.biz/fb/ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------# This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC) # Visit http://bash.cyberciti.biz/ for more information. # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

file=$1 v=0

if [ $# -ne 1 ]

then echo "$0 fileName" exit 1 fi if [ ! -f $file ] then echo "$file not a file" exit 2 fi

# read vowels exec 3<&0 while read -n 1 c do l="$(echo $c | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]')" [ "$l" == "a" -o "$l" == "e" -o "$l" == "i" -o "$l" == "o" -o "$l" == "u" ] && (( v++ )) || : done < $file

echo "Vowels : $v" echo "Characters : $(cat $file | wc -c)" echo "Blank lines : $(grep

-c '^$' $file)"

echo "Lines : $(cat $file|wc -l )"

30) Write a shell script to lock the terminal.