Geberit Hdpe Installation Guide (1) 6f5g2w

>

when in operation

Ø

Thrust force P (kg)

40-63

10

75

12

Traditionally, plastic drainage systems have required that

90

20

pipe lengths over 4 metres are fitted with an expansion

110

30

socket which contains a lubricated seal ring for easy

125

40

movement of the pipe and an expansion gap within the

160

70

t to allow for thermal expansion of the pipe work.

200

100

250

150

315

220

3.2.1

Expansion socket - use of anchor brackets

The thrust force

<

>

is the slide resistance between

the rubber seal and HDPE pipe. This force depends on the pipe diameter.

26

Geberit Drainage Systems System installation

The table below shows the correct drop rod diameter required depending on distance < > to effectively withstand thrust force <

>. Distance from ceiling L (mm)

Drop rod diameter 50/56/63/75/90

100

1

150

1

200

1

250

1

300

1

350

1

400

1

450

1

500

1

550

1

600

1

Drop rod diameter 110

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”






⁄2”

—

—

—

—

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

—

—

—

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

1"

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

1"

1"

5

⁄4”

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

1"

5

⁄4”

5

⁄4”

⁄2”

1"

1"

5

⁄4”

11⁄2”

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

1

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

1"

1"

5

⁄4”

11⁄2”

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

1"

5

⁄4”

5

⁄4”

11⁄2”

3

⁄4”

3

⁄4”

1"

5

⁄4”

11⁄2”

2"

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

3

⁄4”

1"

5

⁄4”

1

1 ⁄2”

2"

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

1"

1"

5

⁄4”

1 ⁄2”

2"

1

Thermal expansion sockets - Mounting instructions

1

2

Prepare pipe insertion end.

8cm

at 0°C (32°F)

3

Mark insertion depth on the pipe.

4

Push the pipe into the expansion socket.

Lubricate pipe end and rubber seal with silicone only.

10.5cm

at 20°C (68°F)

27


Installation One secure fixed anchor bracket must be installed per floor when branch connections exist and at a maximum of 6 metre centres on plain straight runs of pipe. The special shape of the seal allows the pipe to slide within the socket during expansion and contraction, ensuring that the connection remains perfectly watertight even under heavy hydraulic load. The following conditions are important to ensure perfect and easy assembly of the sleeve:

Horizontal assembly (e.g. at 20°C)

1

2

Chamfering the inserted pipe end to

Example: insertion

approximately <) 15°.

depth in an ambient

Check the scale on the outer surface of the expansion socket for insertion depth.

3

Mark the correct insertion depth on the pipe.

4

Lubricate the pipe end well with soluble lubricant, silicone or Vaseline. Do not use oil or grease which can damage the rubber seal. When using expansion fittings, all other ts must be tension resistant (see page 9).

28

temperature of 20°C (vertical assembly).


Horizontal installation For horizontal pipework the position of the expansion t will vary. 1

On the long runs of pipe with no branch connections, the expansion fitting must be fitted at a maximum of 6 metre centres.

2

With branch connections, the expansion fitting must be installed close to the ‘up stream’ end of any branch. With multiple branches, the expansion fitting must be allowed for all branches over 1 metre of others. The expansion socket must be anchored to the structure with a strong fixing.

29


3.2.2

Deflection Leg - Guidance on use

A deflection leg is a length/section of pipe specified within the system to accommodate the movement as a result of thermal movement.

+70ºC +20ºC -20ºC

+60

-36 6m

G

DL

G

G Guide bracket A Anchor bracket DL Deflection leg

A

Compensating thermal expansion by deflection leg. Determining the length of the deflection leg by calculation Length of the deflection leg (DL) in mm according to the formula.

10x

∆L x Ø

Example: DL = 10 x

60 x 110 = 812

DL = 10 x

36 x 110 = 630

30

A


3.2.3

Rigid fixing Geberit Column 1 HDPE Pipe (Normal installation)

Column 2

Ø

+20°C to +90°C force kg

+20°C to -20°C force kg

40

85

221

50

105

277

Rigid fixing of the HDPE system can be achieved by

56

125

315

using a proprietary bracketry system (that may in

63

140

365

incorporate struts or very strong drop rods) or the Geberit

75

170

428

PluviaFix rail system, as outlined below.

90

240

598

110

350

882

125

460

1165

160

740

1865

200

940

2375

250

1490

3750

315

2350

5915

Principal:

(Outside installation)

Any variation in length must be prevented by embedded fixed points (electrofusion couplings, branches, bends or collar bushes) or by the provision of corresponding fixed point structures.

Rigid installation with anchor brackets

Ø 40 - 315

This table shows that in the low temperature range (Column 2) the forces are greater than in the high temperature range (Column 1). Examples of methods of creating anchor points are shown in section 3.2.1. Whilst Geberit manufactures PluviaFix anchor brackets for its system, it does not manufacture or supply drop rods for connecting the brackets to the ceiling. These must be sourced from a suitable supplier that can they can withstand the forces shown in the table above.

Anchor brackets for rigid fixings must be stronger than possible expansion or contraction forces (P) of the HDPE pipe (see table opposite).

31


Rigid fixing - Anchor brackets Rules: Anchor brackets must be stronger than the possible forces generated during thermal expansion or contraction of Geberit HDPE pipes. L

Examples of anchor brackets: P

The examples of anchor brackets below show typical rigid installations.

Anchor bracket with flat iron and electrowelding tape.

L

P

Anchor bracket with double electrofusion sleeve coupling.

L P

Anchor bracket with electrowelding tape.

32


Dimension of drop rod or flat iron profile: The distance

<< L >>

and the thrust force

If they can not meet these dimensional requirements,

<< P >>

additional struts will be required to provide sufficient

have

to be taken into when selecting the diameter

rigidity to resist the forces generated by the system due to thermal expansion. The third party supplier

of the drop rod between mounting plate and

must provide the necessary calculations to prove their

bracket. For the required drop rod dimension, see

product is fit for purpose.

the table below.

Ceiling or wall distance L . (mm)

Geberit Dimensions 50-56 63-75 pipe pipe Ø Ø

90 pipe Ø

110 pipe Ø

100

1

⁄2”

3

⁄4”

1”

1”

5

⁄4”

150

3

⁄4”

1”

1”

5

⁄4”

5

⁄4”

2”

200

3

⁄4”

1”

5

⁄4”

1 ⁄2”

1 ⁄2”

2”

250

1”

1”

5

⁄4”

1

1 ⁄2”

2”

9.3

300

1”

5

⁄4”

5

⁄4”

2”

2”

11.2

350

5

⁄4”

5

⁄4”

1

1 ⁄2”

2”

2”

13.0

400

5

⁄4”

5

⁄4”

1

1 ⁄2”

2”

9.0

15.0

450

5

⁄4”

1

1 ⁄2”

2”

2”

10.1

16.8

500

5

⁄4”

1

1 ⁄2”

2”

9.5

11.3

17.7

550

5

⁄4”

1

1 ⁄2”

2”

10.5

12.4

20.5

600

1 ⁄2”

1 ⁄2”

2”

11.4

13.6

22.4

1

1

W cm3

1

125 pipe Ø

W cm3

1

160 pipe Ø

W cm3

W = indication coefficient for steel profile.

3.2.4

Suspended rail system

The Geberit PluviaFix rail system was developed for the suspended installation of horizontal pipework. The system includes a metal rail that absorbs all the forces generated when the pipe tries to expand. Geberit guarantees this system to control all forces and only dead weight fixings are required to the ceiling. Advantages of the rail system: •

Quick installation.

•

Fewer ceiling fastening points.

•

Controls thermal movement.

•

No expansion because of rigid installation.

•

No expansion sockets in the horizontal pipes.

•

Simple prefabrication is possible.

•

One fastening for anchor and sliding brackets.

33


3.3

Waterproofing Waterproofing membrane 50cm

50cm Wherever a waterproof layer is required, the Geberit sealing for ages through walls or ceilings provides a perfect watertight seal between the HDPE pipe and the waterproof membrane. Type 1: PVC to be welded with PVC sheet Type 2: PE to be welded with Samafil FPO-A-foil. For Geberit HDPE pipes Ø 50,56,75,90, 110 and 125mm.

Attention: Thermal expansion or contraction of the pipe is to be prevented. Maximum water pressure 0.1 bar.

Installation examples Expansion socket Pipe sealing

Anchor Bracket Reducer

Access pipe

Sealing Waterproofing membrane Electrofusion coupling (to prevent expansion or contraction)

34

Waterproofing membrane


3.4

Installation options

Fire protection

To comply with building regulations B3 where pipes through fire rated barriers, Geberit provides intumescent fire sleeves that also incorporate a separate acoustic sleeving. Intumescent collars can be fitted using any means of

Fig. A

Fig. B

installation shown in Fig A or Fig B. Collars are to be

Surface fixed-wall

Surface fixed-floor

installed using metal wedge-style staybolts through all

mounted

mounted

four fixing locations and any gaps between construction and pipe penetration are to be filled with a fire rated

NB Firebreak may be partially embedded into the floor

intumescent mastic.

slab or wall. See installation instructions for details.

•

Fire protection walls/ceilings require pipe penetrations

All fixings must be made of metal.

to be fire sleeved. Housing with flexible fastening brackets Foaming firestop material

Acoustic sheet (Supplied with fire protection sleeve)

Insulation against solid-borne noise Lock with locking ring

Wedge-type staybolts for fastening when retrofitting

Fire stopping

Fire protection sleeve

Article No.

D

d1(cm) D(cm)

L(cm)

I1

363.815.00.1

56

6.5

7.7

8.5

3.5

3

364.815.00.1

63

7.1

8.3

8.5

3.5

3

365.815.00.1

75

8.6

10.8

10.0

5.0

4

366.815.00.1

90

9.9

12.1

10.0

5.0

4

367.815.00.1

110 11.8

14.0

10.0

5.0

4

368.815.00.1

125 13.4

16.6

11.0

6.0

5

369.815.00.1

160 16.7

19.9

11.0

6.0

6

370.815.00.1

200 20.5

23.7

13.0

6.0

7

Once the temperature in the room which is ablaze reaches a certain level, the intumescent material expands as a Pipe

foam crushing the pipe and closing off the cross section, therefore preventing (for a specified length of time) the fire and smoke from spreading through the opening.

NOTE:

HDPE and Silent-db20 fire protection sleeves are Class

Wrap acoustic sheet around pipe and tape in position

90, giving 90 minutes of fire protection.

prior to assembly of fire protection sleeve.

35

Geberit Drainage Systems Alternative stack ventilation system

4.1

Geberit Sovent overview

4.1.1

Geberit Sovent - Planning

When a Geberit Sovent system is planned, the following points have to be observed in addition to the general rules for waste and drainage stack design: • • •

Use of a Sovent fitting instead of a common branch fitting. Pressure relief ventilation at the base of the stack. Every stack has to be ventilated through the roof with the same diameter (110mm).

Connection load per floor The branches have been designed in accordance with the local regulations (e.g. EN 12056-2), which include the dimensioning diameter and the maximum length of the System description Sovent, a fitting for single stack drainage systems, substantially increases the performance of a soil and waste drainage system, and thus eliminates the need for a separate vent stack and reduces the diameter of stacks in high rise buildings. Due to its high capacity and excellent performance, the Geberit Sovent fitting is an ideal drainage solution for: • • • •

High rise buildings. Hotels. Laboratories. Industrial plants.

The Geberit Sovent becomes extremely cost-effective in buildings higher than 5 storeys. Function The specially designed branch inlet fitting reduces the pneumatic pressure fluctuations in stacks, preventing the siphonage of traps. The opening to the stack is one of the key characteristics of the fitting as it allows the branches to be ventilated. Together with the free air circulation in the stack, the opening smoothes the water flow in the connected branches.

36

branch. It is permitted to use all connection possibilities simultaneously. A maximum of 8 WCs may be connected to a Sovent fitting. Total connection load The maximum permitted water load in a Geberit Sovent stack is 7.3 l/s. The stack dimension, with main ventilation through the roof, must be configured with Ø 110mm/DN 100 throughout. Installation per floor A Geberit Sovent fitting must be planned in every floor where there are connections to the stack. The maximum distance between two Sovent fittings must not exceed 6m.


Planning another stack

Insertion on the first floor

If the building design requires more than one stack or the maximum load exceeds 7.3 l/s (DU > 213), additional stacks must be planned and the connections must be divided up accordingly.

When appliances must be connected which are close to the base of the stack (e.g. on the first floor), they are connected to the pressure relief line at the base of the stack (either above or below the floor).

Above the floor

Stack 1

Stack 2

Zone A 2m 1st floor

Zone B 2m

Planning of the branch ventilation

Below the floor

The maximum length of a collector branch pipe without ventilation is determined by local regulations. If a ventilation pipe is necessary according to these regulations, the pipe is connected to the Sovent stack. 2m Sovent stack 45°

2m

min. 2 m

Sovent fitting Planning of connection and branch ventilation pipe acc. to specific national standards

Planning of stack according to Geberit Sovent rules

37


End of the sovent stack

Additional connections to the Sovent stack

At the base of the stack, the pressure relief line eliminates

Usually all connections to the stack are made with a

any pressure build-up that might occur.

Sovent fitting. It is, however, also possible to connect branches with a diameter of Ø 63mm (maximum) to the stack through a normal 91.5 ° branch fitting.

Branch ventilation pipe for pressure reduction

min. 2 m max. ø 63 / DN 60

ø 110 / DN 100

min. 2 m End of Geberit Sovent system

Stack with deflection angle (offset) The building design may require a vertical offset of the Sovent stack. Generally this is possible up to an offset of 1m. If this value is exceeded, a normal vertical to horizontal transition has to be established.

Combining of ventilation pipes Geberit do not recommend combining the stacks into one ventilation stack. If the building structure permits no other possibility than ing the ventilation, these dimensions are calculated as a collector pipe. Generally all Sovent stacks are open and ventilated through the roof. The use of air ittance valves reduces the airflow into the stack which results in reduced performance.

1m 1m

38


4.1.2

Geberit Sovent Stack sizing

Basic requirements for selecting Sovent dimensions

4.1.3

Geberit Sovent installation

In general, the installation of a Geberit Sovent system follows the same rules as the installation of a

The dimensions of the individual connection pipes, the combined waste stacks and the underground/collector pipes must be selected as for conventional drainage, in accordance with applicable

conventional drainage system. It does, however, require much less work since secondary ventilation is not necessary. The installation of a Sovent fitting is similar to the installation of an ordinary branch fitting.

national standards and regulations. The Sovent fitting has six connection possibilities. The The dimensions of the Sovent stack must be selected according to the following formula:

connections are capped off and can be used to suit the optimum installation configuration. It is necessary to have a Geberit welding machine (Universal or Media). Installation Instructions Prerequisites:

7.3

•

Temperature of the welding plate 230°C.

•

Ambient temperature -10°C to +40°C.

•

The reference values for the time needed for the butt welding process are known.

•

Fix the Sovent fitting into the welding machine.

•

Saw open the required connections.

•

Use a machine to plane the opened connection off smoothly.

•

Clamp the corresponding pipe section of the connection pipe.

•

Heat both clamped parts.

•

Press the parts together and let them cool.

•

Remove the finished Sovent fitting from the welding machine.

39


4.2

Geberit air ittance valve

Product standards

BS EN 12380

2003-03

Ventilation valves for drainage systems - requirements, test methods and evaluation of conformity. German version EN 12380:2002.

BS 1986-100

2002-03

Drainage systems on private ground - Part 100: additional specifications to BS EN 752 and BS EN 12056.

BS EN 12056-1

Gravity drainage system inside buildings - Part 1: general and performance requirements.

Pipe ventilation valve comprising of: BS EN 12056-2

Gravity drainage system

1

Heat insulation cap.

2

Housing.

inside buildings - Part 2:

3

Connection sleeve.

sanitary pipework, layout and calculation.

90mm air ittance valves can be connected to all pipe types and dimensions Ø 75 to Ø 110mm from Geberit. Maximum air capacity 35 l/s at –250 Pa. Permitted temperature range -20°C to +60°C. Function The air ittance valve is closed in normal conditions. The flow of waste water generates a negative pressure in the pipe system which causes the valve to open, allowing atmospheric air to flow in. The valve is closed immediately and forms a seal after the pressure has equalised.

40


4.2.1

Geberit air ittance valve - Planning

In conjunction with main ventilation, the valve can be used: •

As a replacement for the second main ventilation system or recirculating air ventilation.

•

Connection to HDPE pipes from Geberit HDPE pipe

Air ittance Valve article no.

Connection

Ø 75mm

307.900.00.1

• With connection sleeve

Ø 90mm

308.900.00.1

• With ring seal socket 366.779.16.1 or • With adapter clamping connector 359.438.00.1 and ring 359.458.00.1

As a replacement for indirect secondary ventilation systems.

•

For individual ventilation systems used in existing drainage objects with drainage malfunctions.

90mm air ittance valves can be connected to all pipe types and dimensions at Ø 75 to Ø 110mm from Geberit. Additional articles from Geberit are required for connecting to pipe dimension Ø 90mm. These are not supplied with the air ittance valves.

Ø 110mm 309.900.00.1


Connection to Silent-db20 pipes Silent-db Pipe ventilation 20 pipe Valve article no.

Connection

Ø 75mm

307.900.00.1


Ø 90mm

308.900.00.1

• With ring seal socket 366.779.16.1 or • With adapter clamping connector 359.438.00.1 or • With Silent-db20 clamping connector 308.003.14.2

Ø 110mm 310.900.00.1


41


4.2.2

Geberit air ittance valve - Installation

Installation dimensions

19 cm

14 cm /16 cm

Please note the following points in order for the air ittance valve to function correctly: •

The air ittance valve is allowed to be installed

15 cm

13 cm

under the overflow edge. •

The air ittance valve must be installed vertically.

Minimum dimensions at the installation site for the air ittance valve with heat insulation cap (right) and without heat insulation cap (left).

min. 15 cm

max. 150 cm

• •

The openings must be clean and are not allowed to be covered.

Connection dimensions for toilet pipe ventilation on

Intake air must be able to flow to the valve

horizontal connection pipe.

without restrictions. •

For installation in a pre-wall, it is necessary to use a fan housing in order to ensure adequate intake air.

ca. 15 cm

Minimum distance above the floor, when using air ittance valves in the attic. Installation instructions •

Protect the air ittance valve with the supplied

1

according to the type and dimension of the pipe.

thermal insulation cap if there is a danger of frost. •

Ensure the valve is installed where it can be accessed

Install a connection piece on the air ittance valve

2

Push the air ittance valve onto or into the vertical pipe end, cut off at right angles. Use lubricant

for maintenance and servicing.

if necessary. 3

42

Put on a thermal insulation cap if there is danger of frost.

Geberit Drainage Systems Buried drain systems

5.1

Buried drain systems overview

3 Flexibility Geberit HDPE is a flexible, operationally reliable drainage system, even in soils in which a certain degree of settling of ground is anticipated.

Special consideration for buried drain application Geberit HDPE system is suitable for buried drain application under the envelope of the building at reasonable shallow depths and normal conditions. When any of the following conditions exist please Geberit Ltd for confirmation on its suitability. •

Pipes at depths greater than 4 metres below ground level

Underground drainage

•

Pipes subjected to external water pressures exceeding 2 metres head (high water table)

The Geberit HDPE drainage system has a proven track record for soil and waste installations. It can also be used

•

Contaminated ground conditions

for under the building and up to 1 metre outside the

•

Pipes subjected to internal negative pressures

•

If during the construction stage high point

building envelope. It is suitable for underground applications such as ground

will be experienced due to heavy plant etc.

pipes and domestic drainage pipes. • For underground systems, use pipe to a minimum of

incorporated into the system (puddle flanges

PN4 rating. Criteria for underground drainage pipes 1 t integrity

If other manufacturers components are to be and other sleeving gaskets etc are used)

•

Non domestic type discharges are expected, for example: - High volume discharges that could subject

Environmental protection regulations do not permit leaking drainage pipes. Geberit HDPE is a reliable water drainage system which assures maximum dependability with regard to t integrity. 2 Material

the pipe to more than 1.5 bar pressure - Combined high temperature and high volume discharges - Chemical waste - Radioactive waste

As in soil and waste drainage systems, the quality of the material is the main criterion for underground applications. In addition to the attack from the inside, the pipes are also subjected to attacks from the outside. Geberit HDPE provides resistance to the greatly diversified types of chemical attack by the disposal water, as well as by external factors (e.g. acidic soils). Geberit HDPE can be successfully used to prevent penetration underground and provide drainage in brown field or contaminated sites. See the chemical resistance list in section 8.3 for more information or Geberit Technical.

43


5.2

Trench details

Fig. 2

Loadings on buried pipes need to be carefully calculated. Please Geberit’s Technical on 0800 077 8365 for assistance calculating loadings on Geberit drainage pipes.

20 cm

For all trenching work the local guidelines, standards and regulations must be observed. Important for underground installation is correct laying of the pipe in the trench, as well as careful consideration of the following.

HS P

B = Bedding The pipe must have a bedding of at least 100mm.

C

C = Consolidation Side fill to upper edge of pipe.

B

P = Protective layer With trench profile 1A cover to above top edge of pipe over entire width of trench - minimum 300mm. Maximum 40mm stone sile, no heavy compaction equipment. Filling material Granular material to BS 882 or similiar to be used. Example: 10mm nominal single size shingle is suitable for pipes up to 300mm. 14mm nominal single size shingle is suitable for pipes 125mm to 300mm. 20mm nominal single size shingle is suitable for pipe 200mm to 300mm.

Behaviour: Flexible.

Fill material Granular material.

Fig. 3

Fig. 1

D

20 cm

D 10 cm

D A

B

HS

A=D + min. 100 mm P C

Behaviour: Rigid.

Fill material Concrete.

B

min. 60 cm

Behaviour: Flexible.

Fill material Granular material.

44


5.3

Managing thermal movement - Buried drain application

Like above ground systems, the key aspect of underground installation is the management of expansion/thermal movement. Use of expansion sockets

PL (pipe length) ID (insertion depth)

d SL (socket length)

In addition to the butt welded and electrofusion welded

Insert bevelled pipe to maximum socket depth,

connection, the expansion socket is an ideal connection

mark and pull back 40mm.

in underground drainage systems. Since in such systems lower temperature differences are usually encountered than in stacks and connector pipes, smaller length

PL

variations can be ed for. For this reason in underground installations the distance

4cm

ID

4cm

between expansion sockets can be longer. The values calculated according to the formula

PL ≤ SL - 0.3 d 0.006

and rounded off. Please note: The scale found on the outer surface of the socket does not apply in the case of underground installations.

✘

Nominal outside diameter Ø (mm)

Socket length SL (mm)

Pipe length PL (for ∆t ≤ 30ºC) PL (m)

Insertion depth ID (mm)

110

140

15

130

125

140

15

130

160

140

15

130

200

220

20

230

250

220

20

230

315

220

20

230

45


5.4

Rigid installation Embedded in concrete

Principal: Any variation in length must be prevented by embedded fixed points in concrete (e.g. electrofusion couplings, branches, bends or collar bushes) or by the provision of corresponding fixed point structures.

Embedding in concrete Basically, Geberit HDPE material absorbs within itself thermal movement due to its high elasticity. In the case of

Reduced small branches of large pipe diameters must

large diameters however (e.g. 315mm) the forces <

>

be secured by an additional anchor point (electrofusion

(resulting from expansion and contraction) are

couplings or collar bushes) in order to prevent shearing

considerable. They must be absorbed by the embedded

off the branch.

fixpoints alone, since cement/concrete will not adhere to HDPE pipework.

Branch equal

Branch equal with reducer

Since the fitting has to act as a fixed point, do not insulate it.

Important: Under no circumstances should a ring seal or expansion socket be embedded in concrete.

46


5.5

Pipes penetrating through building walls

1 Seepage pipe 2 Settling 3 Insulation mat 4 HDPE pipe Ø 5 Foundation slab 6 Seepage tank lining DL = Deflection leg ∆S = Expected settling

S = Insulation thickness

With regard to the ground line between the building wall and the street sewer, where extreme settling can occur, an installation mat must be wrapped around the ground line to act as a deflection leg. In such cases, Geberit HDPE is an ideal material, since it assures tightness and at the same time provides maximum flexibility.

Deflection leg The length of the deflection leg is dependant upon the expected settling and on the pipe diameter. ∆S.Ø

Length DL = 10 .

Note: The insulation must be thicker than the expected settling.

Expected settling ∆S

Geberit HDPE pipe Ø

Deflection leg DL

20 - 40mm

125 - 160/200 - 315

1.0m/1.0m

40 - 60mm

125 - 160/200 - 315

1.0m/1.5m

60 - 80mm

125 - 160/200 - 315

1.5m/1.7m

47


5.6

Connection to manhole

1 Concrete 2 Manhole sleeve

1 Concrete

3 Geberit HDPE pipe

2 Manhole sleeve

4 Bench

3 Access pipe

5 Anchor point if required

Open manhole Plastic pipes should only be connected with manholes by means of a special manhole sleeve. Since settling of ground has to be expected such a sleeve must have the same ideal characteristics as Geberit HDPE: it must assure tightness and at the same time flexibility. A rubber ring provides the flexible seal between sleeve and plastic pipe.

48

(Art nr. 3xx.454.16.1)

Geberit access pipe with oval access cover

Geberit Drainage Systems Geberit Silent db20 systems - general information

6.1

Geberit Silent-db20 overview

Geberit Silent-db20 is a drainage system for buildings

Advantages of the Geberit Silent-db20 system:

with increased levels of sound proofing. Its outstanding acoustic insulation properties are achieved by:

• •

•

Patented high density material specifically developed for this purpose (PE-S2).

•

•

decoupling the stack from the structure.

Time saving installation techniques due to many different connection possibilities.

•

Non compressible rubber lined acoustic brackets to reduce the transfer of structure-borne noise by

Geberit Silent-db20 pipes and fittings are compatible with the existing Geberit HDPE Drainage System.

Fittings with ribs for further improvement of sound dampening near impact zones.

•

Improved acoustic properties.

Simplified fastening technique for use in commercial drainage systems.

•

Bracketing system optimised for the insulation of structure-borne sound.

The complete range consists of pipes and fittings in dimensions from 56mm to 160mm. This guarantees complete acoustic insulation from the appliance connection through to the drainage system.

49


6.2

Features and benefits of Geberit Silent-db20 Density 1.7kg/dm³ Increased density improves acoustic properties.

Resistance to cold Not affected by freeze/thaw conditions.

Thermal conductivity 0.43 W/m.K.

Resistance to abrasion Very high resistance to abrasion; additional security due to the thick walls.

Thermal expansion 0.17mm/m.K Heat expansion of HDPE is relatively high. As a rule of thumb, for every 50°C increase in temperature, an expansion of 10mm per linear meter of pipe can be anticipated.

Resistance to hot water Maximum continuous flow temperatures of approximately 60°C. Short periods of discharge at higher temperatures from normal domestic sources are permissable.

50


Resistance to impact Geberit HDPE is unbreakable at room temperature. Its resistance to impact is very high even at extremely low temperatures (down to approximately -40°C) and thus meets the requirements for externally installed pipes.

Condensation No condensation is expected in the domestic drainage system as a result of the material’s low thermal conductivity and its considerable wall thickness. For areas with longer periods of cooling in high humidity conditions, insulation may be required so please seek advice.

Solar radiation Protected against ageing and embrittlement due to UV radiation by the addition of approximately 2% carbon. Silent-db20 should be stored as per our site recommendation (see section 1.7).

Not electrically conductive Plastics have an excellent reputation as insulators in the electrical industry, e.g. HDPE cable protection ducts, cast resins, insulating paint etc.

Welding temperature Thermoplasts are processed with a high level of energy efficiency. The temperatures required are relatively low in comparison with metals. The welding temperature for HDPE is approximately 230°C. Simple tools allow for easy processing.

Noise Improved acoustic properties. Structure-borne sound must be cushioned by taking appropriate measures (acoustically insulated pipe brackets, insulating material).

51


6.3

Overview of the technical specification of Silent-db20 pipes

Key figures

Chemical resistance Resistance to ageing

52

Density

1700kg/m3

Maximum continuous flow temperature

60˚c

Welding temperature

220˚c

Operating roughness kb

1mm (acc. to Prandtl-Colebrook)

Pipe diameter

ø56

ø63

ø75

ø90

ø110

ø160

Water volume

1.93

2.51

3.60

4.90

7.54

16.7

Weight of pipe with water kg/m

2.83

3.53

4.97

7.38

10.87 22.5

Wall thickness

3.2mm 3.2mm 3.6mm 5.5mm 6mm

Resistance to all chemicals found in domestic drainage systems

See section 8.3 for full details

Life expectancy in excess of 50 years under normal conditions

See section 8.3 for full details

7mm


6.4

Best practice for acoustics

Basic principles of minimising sound transmission from noise source.

Isolate pipe from structure using acoustic brackets and foam barrier when ing through structure. Contain pipes in duct work preferably with an acoustic material either:

•

Structure-borne sound travels faster and further (Fig 1).

•

Airborne sound rapidly attenuates with distance and transfers through multiple layers (barriers).

•

To minimise noise transfer from drainage pipes:

•

Wrapped around the pipe (Geberit Isol).

•

On two surfaces of the duct inner face.

The best way to minimise noise is through the

Examples of noise generated by water flowing

construction of the building.

through vertical 110mm Silent-db20 pipes, and the

- Plan bathrooms so they are not next to living

attenuation effect of various components and

rooms.

containment structures:

- Decouple walls from one another (Fig 2) - Use pre-wall installation and wall-hung WC’s to decouple the flushing noise from the building

• •

structure (Fig 3).

Exposed pipe with 2 l/s flow rate - 47dB(A). Structure-borne noise transfer through concrete wall (180kg/m²). - Standard brackets - 27dB(A)*. - Acoustic brackets - 18dB(A).

Fig 1 • •

Pipe contained in a plasterboard duct - 33dB(A). Pipe contained in a plasterboard duct with two surfaces covered with mineral wool - 30dB(A)

The above data is for guidance purposes only. Actual installations may result in different values due to the effect of variations in the construction details of the installation and ambient background noise levels. Additional considerations:

Fig 2

•

When pipes through concrete floor slabs and walls the pipe must be isolated with Geberit Insulation Hose.

Pre-wall construction

•

All vertical offsets must be made using 2 x 45° bends to minimise noise emissions. No offsets are preferred to minimise noise. 15° minimum angled bends preferred to minimise noise generation. However, for practical reasons 45° should be the maximum. For increased structure-borne noise reduction, install Geberit, Duofix installation systems and associated components together with Silent-db20 acoustic drainage system.

Fig 3 Acoustic pan isolator

*standard Geberit HDPE

53


6.5

Additional acoustic products

Isol Acoustic Wrap

1

2

3

4

5

Pos.

Description

Material

Thickness (mm)

Details

1

The covering foil prevents moisture penetration at the same time as serving as a vapour barrier

PE

0.07

Black with printed product logo

2

Heavy foil

EVA with mineral filler (BaSO4 ) and flame retardant

1.4

Anthracite grey basis weight 3kg/m2

3

Semi open-cell acoustic foam

PU foam, open cell

15

Anthracite grey volumetric weight 30kg/m3

4

Self-adhesive layer (only applicable to self-adhesive version)

Polyolefin self-adhesive foil

5

Protective paper (only applicable to self-adhesive version)

PE

Colourless used as installation aid

0.07

Yellow-brown can be pulled off silicon-coated on one side

The covering foil prevents moisture penetration at the same time as serving as a vapour barrier. The heavy foil insulates the airborne sound while the semi open-cell acoustic foam layer prevents the propagation of solid borne noise. L (cm)

B (cm)

S (mm)

118

78

17

B

L

s

54


Installation instructions

For optimum performance the Isol must cover all the pipework and be overlapped at s and fixed with tape to

The pipe must be free from dust and grease

prevent the escape of sound.

before processing. Installation dimensions

1

2

Ø / DN

AB(cm)

m2

40 / 40

26

0.260

50 / 50

29

0.290

56 / 56

31

0.310

63 / 60

33

0.330

75 / 70

37

0.370

90 / 90

43

0.430

110 / 100

49

0.490

125 / 125

54

0.540

135 / 125

57

0.570

160 / 150

65

0.650

200 / 200

78

0.780

250 / 250

91

0.910

315 / 300

111

1.110

3

4

Fastening distance with binding wire is 10-15cm.

5

Use commercial adhesive tape (approximately 7cm wide) to mask off adjacent point against condensation.

55

Geberit Drainage Systems ting methods

7

ting methods for Geberit Silent-db20

Geberit Silent-db20 uses the normal HDPE ting methods including butt welding, electrofusion couplings, and mechanical couplings. If using butt welding the plaining blades fitted to the butt welding machine must be changed to carbide steel blades - 240.474.00.1). Mechanical couplings and electrofusion couplings are the preferred method of ing to minimise noise generation, see section 2 for more information. In addition the following alternative methods of ting are available:

7.1

Expansion fittings for Silent-db20 Example: Insertion depth in an ambient temperature of 20ºC (vertical assembly).

Vertical installation

Expansion Socket

To minimise stress on the system it is recommended that an expansion fitting is installed on each floor located above the highest branch connection within 1 metre of the floor level using an anchor bracket positioned around the expansion coupling.

Heavily reinforced extended socket with external ribs to reduce noise transfer. The coupling can be ted to other fittings or pipe using the standard HDPE electrofusion coupling. When bracketing the expansion coupling, use one size larger acoustic brackets, i.e. for 110mm expansion coupling, use 125mm bracket). Insert pipe into sealing socket to the insertion markings on the side of the coupling. The expansion socket must be anchored to the structure. This fitting is only available up to size 110mm. For 160mm expansion, use double sleeve coupling. Please see following page for more information.

56

*Maximum 6 metres to next expansion fitting (anchor point) **Maximum 3 metres when using double sleeve coupling as expansion for 160mm. Geberit Silent-db20 uses the normal HDPE ting methods including butt welding, electrofusion couplings, and mechanical couplings. (If using butt welding the planing blades fitted to the butt welding machine must be changed to carbide steel blades – 240.474.00.1).

Geberit Drainage Systems ting methods

Insert the pipe into expansion side of the coupling.

Double Sleeve Coupling Comprising a double pushfit ted coupling with one end containing a grab ring to lock the coupling onto the pipe.

4

Prepare and chamfer pipe.

5

Lubricate seal.

6

Push pipe fully

Installation instructions Connect the fixed end of the coupling onto the pipe.

1

The fixed end is only allowed to be used with Silent-db20 pipes and fittings.

into socket.

2

Push fully home.

3

Do not attempt to

NB For use as a 160mm expansion fitting withdraw the pipe by 15mm, maximum of 3m centres between fixed points.

withdraw grab.

57

Geberit Drainage Systems Bracketry for Silent-db20

8

Bracketry for Geberit Silent-db20

To maximise the benefit of the acoustic properties of the Silent-db20 system, Geberit Silent-db20 acoustic brackets must be used. These brackets have a rubber insulated lining with controls on restricting the compression of the rubber, removing the risk of over compressing that could result in the transfer of structure borne noise. Diameter of connecting rod between bracket and wall fixing depends on length. Geberit Technical for advice. please see section 3.2.1 for additional data on fixing using drop rods.

58

Geberit Drainage Systems Characteristics and chemical resistance

9

Characteristics and chemical resistance

9.1

Environmental benefits of Geberit HDPE

Scope The assessment covers the extraction of raw materials and energy carriers, the production of pipes and, finally,

As we become more aware of our environment and the

the disposal of used pipes. The assembly, assembly

impact that construction has upon it, manufacturers,

materials, fittings and supplies as well as the usage and

specifiers and installers are all looking for ‘greener’ ways

removal of pipes are not taken into .

to construct. Geberit HDPE was developed as an alternative to pipe systems that have a negative effect on our environment.

Assumptions plastic pipes All plastic pipes are produced from 100% new material.

HDPE is a material that has many environmental benefits

To enhance noise protection features, barium sulphate is

when compared with other piping system materials. It is a

added in the case of PE-S2 pipes (compound material).

simple compound of carbon and hydrogen atoms -

Used plastic pipes may be recycled as pure quality

harmless to man, animals and plants. It consumes less

material. This recycling material is of a lesser quality than

energy during manufacture and transport than steel, cast

new material and thus, as a rule, may only be used for

iron or copper pipe.

less sophisticated products. In many cases, pipes are not recycled but thermally reused. It is assumed that waste is

9.2

Framework of the life cycle assessment

Different drainage pipes are used in buildings. They vary by pipe and fitting material and type of installation. The main areas of application are building services and industry. The environment impact of the pipes is evaluated

100% disposed of at a waste incineration plant. Assumptions cast iron and stainless steel pipes The production of cast iron pipes is represented with the aid of the cupola (hot blast cupola furnace) and subsequent spin casting process. A 100% scrap portion is assumed.

and the pipes are compared with each other in the Life

With respect to stainless steel pipes (chromium 17%,

Cycle Assessment (LCA).

nickel 12% and molybdenum 2%), a 87% scrap portion is

Objects of investigation The following drainage pipes were assessed: •

PVC Pipe.

•

PP Pipe.

•

PE-HD pipe (Geberit PE).

•

PE-S2 pipe (Geberit Silent-db20)1.

•

Cast iron pipe1.

•

Stainless steel pipe2.

assumed. It is assumed that metal pipes are 100% recycled. Therefore, no environmental impact is attributed to the disposal of the pipes.

Functional unit A one-metre pipe with an inner diameter of 100mm was assessed as a functional unit. It is assumed that the lifetime of all pipes is identical (at least 50 years).

1

For increased noise protection requirements.

2

For increased hygiene and fire protection requirements.

59


9.3

Result of the life cycle assessment

The disposal of plastic pipes at a waste incineration plant has a lesser environmental impact than their disposal at a mixed waste landfill. Complete recycling is,

From an ecological point of view, plastic pipes (pure and compound materials) have markedly better results than pipes made of pure metal. All pure plastic pipes have

of course, even better. An assessment of drainage pipes according to the UBP97 method generally results in the same findings.

about the same environmental impact. The PE-S2 pipe (Silent-db20), which is comparable to the cast iron pipe in of noise protection requirements, has significantly better results than the cast iron pipe. The stainless steel pipe has about the same results as the cast iron pipe.

Recommendations Used plastic pipes should be collected and recycled separately, if possible. The European Plastic Pipes and Fittings Association (www.teppfa.com) offers a corresponding collection system. If no recycling is

Analysis of result

possible, pipes should be disposed of at a waste The environmental impact of the various pipes is shown in the form of Eco-indicator points in the diagram (EIP99).

PE-S2 (Silent-db20) pipes should be used to meet

2.0

EIP99

combustible at a cement plant. Metal pipes should be collected and recycled separately.

2.5

increased noise protection requirements.

1.5 1.0 0.5

Stainless steel pipe

Cast iron pipe

PE-S2 pipe

PE-HD pipe

PP pipe

PVC pipe

0

The smelting of scrap in the cupola (temperatures of more than 1000°C) and the markedly higher weight of the material make a crucial contribution to the environmental impact of cast iron pipes. If the scrap portion amounts to 100% instead of 50% the overall impact is only slightly improved. The production of alloying elements and high processing temperatures significantly affect the relatively strong environmental impact of stainless steel pipes. An assessment of the environmental impact of the pipes by lifecycle phases arrives at the following results: With respect to all types of pipes, except for cast iron pipes, the extraction of raw materials has the strongest environmental impact while the actual pipe manufacturing process is of minor importance.

60

incineration plant or thermally reused as an alternative


9.4

Chemical resistance - The significance of pH values

One of the most crucial factors in selecting a material for

HDPE

a drainage installation is the chemical loading of the effluent being discharged.

… can be used safely with pH values from 0 to 14. Effluent with a low or high pH is harmful because of its … is suitable, for example, for use with effluents

corrosive effects, e.g. some drain cleaning fluids have a

containing over 30% hydrochloric acid.

pH value of up to 12. Therefore in order to select the most suitable material to handle a specific discharge it is important not only to

pH values of some drinks and cleaning agents

know the pH value of the effluent but the chemical

pH-value

resistance of the pipe materials. For full details see chemical resistance tables on the following page to assess the performance of Geberit HDPE at various temperatures. The pH value is therefore important in assessing the chemical level as it will indicate whether the effluent is acid, neutral or alkaline. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14

Cola drinks

2.8

Apple juice

3.5

Tartaric acid

2.2

Citric acid

2.8

Washing solutions

9 -13

Toilet cleaner

2-4

(see table below).

increasingly alkaline

increasingly acid

1

2

3

4

5

very acid

6

7

slightly acid

Explanation When the pipe wall material comes into with

8

NEUTRAL

0

9

10

11

12

slightly alkaline

13

14

very alkaline

NB: Does not cover systems incorporating EPDM seal rings.

substances flowing through the pipe, different processes

Resistant

can take place, such as the absorption of liquid (swelling),

The pipe wall material is generally regarded

the extraction of soluble elements in the material

as being suitable.

(shrinkage) or chemical reactions (hydrolysis, oxidation etc), that can sometimes cause the properties of the pipe

Limited resistance

or pipeline parts to change.

The suitability of the pipe wall material must be checked in each individual case and, if necessary,

The performance of pipes and pipeline parts

further tests should be carried out.

when in with effluent substances can be classed as follows:

Not resistant The pipe wall material is generally regarded as being unsuitable.

61


Geberit HDPE

The following symbols and abbreviations are used to indicate the composition of the flow substances: %

Percentages refer to mass proportions in %.

VL Aqueous solution, mass proportion <= 10%. L

Aqueous solution, mass proportion > 10%.

GL Aqueous solution saturated at 20°C. TR Chemical is at least technically pure. H

Normal commercial composition.

S

Traces < 0.1%.

G

Usual mass proportion of any saturated solution or dilution.

Data is based on immersion tests without mechanical load and reflects current levels of knowledge. No claims under guarantee may be made on the basis of this information.

The following data is required for a declaration of chemical resistance: •

Corrosion medium, composition (chemical description), DIN safety data sheet.

•

Temperature.

•

Proportion (concentration).

•

Information on reaction time, frequency, flow quantity.

•

62

Other flow media.

Flow through substance

A Acetic aldehyde Acetic aldehyde Acetic aldehyde+acetic acid Acetanhydride (acetic anhydride) Acetamide Acetanhydride Acetic acid Acetic acid Acetic acid butyl ester Acetic ether (ethylacetate) Aceto-acetic acid Acetone Acetone Acetophenone Acetylene Acronal dispersions Acronal solutions Acrylonitrile Acrylic acid-emulsions Acrylic acid ethylester Activine (chloramine 1%) Adipinic acid Adipinis acid ester Allyl acetate Allyl alcohol Allyl chloride Alum (potassium aluminium sulphate) Aluminium chloride Aluminium chloride Aluminium chloride, solid Aluminium fluoride Aluminium hydroxide Aluminium metaphosphate Aluminium sulphate Aluminium sulphate, solid Amidosulphates (amido-sulphonic acid salts) Amido-sulphonicacid Amino acids Ammonia, gaseous Ammonia, liquid Ammonia solution (ammonium hydroxide) Ammonium acetate Ammonium carbonate and bicarbonate of ammonium Ammonium carbonate Ammonium chloride (sal-ammoniac) Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Ammonium fluoride Ammonium hydrosulphide Ammonium metaphosphate Ammonium nitrate Ammonium phosphate Ammonium sulphate Amonium sulphide Ammonium thiocyanate Amyl acetate Amyl alcohol Amyl chloride Amyl phthalate Anilin (phenylamine)

Proport. Performance at % 20°C 40°C 60°C

40 TR 90:10 TR TR TR 70 100 100 VL TR TR

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ● ❍◗

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ●

H H TR

❍◗

●

❍◗ ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

100 GL

96

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ any VL GL GL

any

any any 100 100 any any GL any any GL L any any any any any TR TR 100 GL

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍

❍◗ ● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗


Geberit HDPE Flow through substance


Anilin chlorhydrate any Anise oil TR Anone (cyclohexanone) TR Anthraquinone sulphonic acid 1 Antifomine (benzaldoxime) 2 Anti-freeze H Antimonious trichloride, anhydrous Antimonious trichloride 90 Antimonious pentachloride Apple juice H Apple wine H Aqua regia TR Arklone (= reon, frigen) (Chloro fluorcarbon CFC) 100 Aromativ oils Arsenic any Arsenic acid anhydride Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) Asphalt B Barium carbonate chem. precipitated 98/99% Barium hydroxide Barium salts Battery acid (sulphuric acid,~34%) Baysilon separating agent Beef fat Beef suet Beeswax Beer Beer colouring Benzaldehyde Benzaldehyde in isopropyl alcohol Benzene Benzaldoxime (antiformine) Benzene/benzol mixture 80/20 Benzene sulfonic acid Benzoic acid Benzoyl chloride Benzyl alcohol Benzyl chloride Bichromate sulphuric acid (chromic acid/sulphuric acid) Bismuth nitrate, acqueous Bismuth salts Bisulfite solution Bitumen Bleach solution with 12,5% active chlorine Bone oil Borax (sisodic tetraborate) Boric acid Boric acid methyl ester Boric trifluoride Brake fluid Brandy Bromic acid Bromin, liquid and gaseous Bromochloromethane Butadiene Butadiene Butandial Butane, gaseous Butanol

any any any H 100

H H H any 1 TR 2

any TR TR

● ❍ ◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍

● ❍ ◗ ❍ ◗ ●

❍◗

❍ ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍

❍◗

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ❍ ● ●

❍◗

● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ●

❍◗ TR any

● ●

● ● ❍

❍ ● ● ● ●

❍ ● ● ●

❍ ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ❍ ❍ ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ❍

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ any any

H 40 any 50 TR any TR any

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ❍ ❍ ● ❍ ● ● ●

● ❍ ● ● ●


Butanon Butantriol Butindial Butoxyl (methosybutylacetate) Butter Buttermilk Butyl acetate Butyl acrylate Butyl alcohol Butyl benzylphthalate Butylene, liquid Butylene glycol Butylene phenol Butylene phenol, p-tertiary Butyric acid C Calcium carbide Calcim carbonate Calcium chloride Calcium hydroxide (lime) Calcium hypochlorite (chlorinated lime) Calcium nitrate Calcium oxide (powder) Calcium phosphate Calcium sulphate (gypsum) Calgon (sodium hexametaphosphate) Campher Campher oil Cane sugar Caoutchouc dispersions (Latex) Carbazol Carbol (phenol) Carbolic acid (phenol) Carbon bisulphide Carbon dioxide (soda water) Carbon tetrachloride Castor oil Caustic ammonia (ammonium hydroxide) Caustic potash solution Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) CD 2 up to 5% CD 3 up to 5% Cetyl alcohol Chloracetic acid Chloral hydrate Chloramine T Chloramine T Chloric acid Chloric acid Chloric acid Chlorinated carbon dioxide ester Chlorinated lime (calcium hypochlorite) Chlorinated paraffin Chlorine Chlorine Chlorine, gaseous, damp Chlorine, gaseous, damp Chlorine, gaseous, damp Chlorine, gaseous, dry Chlorine, liquid Chloroacetic acid ethyl ester Chloroacetic acid methyl ester


any 100

TR

TR TR TR TR any

GL any GL GL 50

GL any TR TR

any any TR any TR TR any 50 any

any any TR VL 1 10 20 GL 100 VL GL 0,5 1,0 97 TR TR TR TR

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ● ●

❍ ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ❍ ● ●

● ● ❍ ● ●

❍◗ ●

● ❍◗

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍ ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ❍ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍ ● ● ●

❍◗

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ● ❍ ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ●

63



Chlorobenzol Chloroform Chloromethyl, gaseous Chlorsulphonic acid Chromanode mud Chromic acid Chromic acid Chromic acid/sulphuric acid/water, 50/15/35 Chromic alum Chromous salt Chromium sulphuric acid Chromium sulphuric acid Chromium trioxide Citraconic acid Citrate Citric acid Citronaldehyde Citrus juices Clophene (polychlorinated biphenyls PCB) Coal tar oil Coca Cola Cocoa Coconut oil alcohol Coconut oil Cod liver oil Coffee Cognac Cola conzentrate Compressed air containing oil Cooking oil, vegetable and animal Copper chloride Copper cyanide Copper fluoride Copper nitrate Copper nitrate Copper salts Copper sulphate Corn oil Corsolin (disinfectant; chlorophenol soap solution) Cover paint Creosote Cresol Cresol Crotonaldehydo Crude oil Crystalline acid Crystal oil (solvent naphtha) Cumarone resin Cyclanone Cyclanone Cyclohexane Cyclohexanol Cyclohexanone (Anone) D Decahydronaphtalene (Decalin) Dessicator oil Detergents Developing solutions (photographic) Dextrine

64


TR TR TR TR 20 50

any any TR any 50 any any any TR

100

G TR TR G

GL any 30 GL GL any TR VL

90 100 TR TR TR L H TR TR TR

TR

18

❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ❍ ● ● ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ● ● ❍ ❍

❍ ● ● ❍

❍ ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ❍◗

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ●


Dextrose (glucose, grape sugar) Diamin hydrate Diethyl ether (ether, ethyl ether) Diethylene glycol Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DOP) Diethyl ketone 1,2-Dibromoethane Dibuthyl ether Dibutylphthalate Dibutylsebacate Dichlorethylene Dichlorbenzene ❍ Dichloracetic acid Dichloracetic acid Dichloracetic acid methyl ester Dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethane (DDT, powder) Dichlorpropane Dichlorpropene Dielectric (transformer oil) Diesel fuel Diglycolic acid Diglycolic acid Dihexylphthalate Di-isobutylketone Di-isopropylether Dimethylamine Dimethylformamide Dimethylsulfoxide Disodic phosphate Disodic sulphate Disodic tetraborate (Borax) Dinonylphtalate Dioctylphtalate Dioxan Diphenylamine Diphenyloxide Dispersions Distilled oils Dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid Dry potash (potassium hydroxide) Dyes E Electrolytecbaths for electroplating Emulsifying agents Emulsifying agents (Tenside) Emulsionen (photographic) Epichlorohydrin Epichlorohydrin Epsom salts (magnesium sulphate) Ethane Ethanol (rectified spirit, ethyl alcohol, wine spirit) Ether (sulphuric ether, diethyl ether) Ethyl acetate Ethyl alcohol (rectified spirit, ethyl alcohol, wine spirit) Ethyl alcohol, denatured (2% Toluol) Ethyl alcohol (fermation mash) Ethyl alcohol + acetic acid (fermentation mix) Ethyl benzene


any TR TR

● ●

● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ●

● ●

❍◗ ❍◗

❍ ❍

❍◗ ❍◗

TR TR TR TR TR

● ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍

50 TR TR

● ● ●

● ● ◗ ● ❍ ● ●

●

● ● ❍ ❍

❍◗

❍ ◗ ❍ ◗ 100 H 30 GL TR TR TR TR

any TR TR TR

50

● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ●

❍ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ● ❍◗ ● ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ● ● ●

● ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍

❍◗ ● ● ● ●

❍◗

❍◗

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

96 TR TR

●

● ●

●

❍ ◗ ❍ ◗

96 96 G

●

● ●

●

❍◗

G TR

●

● ●

any H

any

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

❍◗

❍◗



Ethyl chloride Ethylene Ethylene chloride Ethylene chlorohydrin Ethylene dichloride (Ethylene chloride) Ethylene diamine Ethylene diamin tetra-acetic acid Ethylene bromide ❍Ethylene chloride (dichlorethylene) Ethylene glycol Ethylene oxide, gaseous Ethylene oxide, liquid Ethyl ether (Ether, Diethylether) 2-ethylhexanol Ester, alphatic Exaust gases, containing hydrogen fluoride containing hydrogen fluoride containing carbon dioxide containing carbon monoxide containing nitric oxide containing nitric oxide containing nitric oxide containing oleum containing oleum containing hydrochloric acid containing sulphur dioxide containing sulphuric acid containing sulphuric acid (damp) containing sulphur trioxide (oleum) containing sulphur trioxide (oleum) F Fatty alcohol Fatty alcohol sulphonate (cyclanone) Fatty alcohol sulphonate Fatty acids (technically pure) Fatty acids Fatty acid amides Fermentation mash (ethyl alcohol) Fermentation mix (ethyl alcohol + acetic acid) Ferrous chloride Ferric chloride Ferric nitrate Ferric sulphate Ferrous sulphate Fertilizer salts Fir needle oil Fixative salt (sodium thiosulphate) Floor polish Flowers of sulphur (elementary sulphur in powder form) Fluoride Fluobolic acid Formaldehyde (formalin) Formalin (acqueous formaldehyde) Formamide Formic acid Formic acid Formic acid Formic acid Freon 12 Fruit juices

Proport. Performance at 20°C 40°C 60°C %

TR

❍◗ ● ❍◗

TR TR

❍◗ ●

● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ TR

● ●

● ● ● ●

❍ ◗ TR TR TR TR TR S S any any S 5 >5 S 5 any any any any S S

L H 100 TR G G GL any L GL any any H any

TR TR 40 40 TR 10 50 85 TR 100 G

❍◗ ● ● ❍

❍◗ ● ● ❍

❍◗ ● ● ❍

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍ ● ● ● ● ❍ ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ❍ ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ❍

● ● ● ● ❍ ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ❍◗

❍◗ ❍◗

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ❍ ❍

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ●


Fruit juices, unfermented Fruit juices, fermented Fruit wine Fruit pulp Fruit tree carbolineum Fuel oil Furfur alcohol Furfurol Furniture polish G Gas liquor Gelatine Gin Gypsum (calcium sulphate) Glauber’s salt (sodium sulphate) Glucose (grape sugar, dextrose) Glue Glutine glue Glycerin Glycerin chlorohydrine Glycocoll Glycol Glycolic acid Glycolic acid Glycolic acid butyl ester Glysantine Grape sugar (glucose, dextrose) Gravy H Halothane Heptane n-Heptane Hexadecanol (cetyl alcohol) Hexafluorosilicic acid Hexamine Hexane n-Hexane Hexantriol Höchst drilling agent Honey Hydraulic fluid Hydrazine hydroxide Hydroammonium sulphate (ammonium hydrosulphate) Hydrobromic acid Hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric gas, dry+damp Hydrocyanic acid (prussic acid) Hydrocyanic acid Hydrofluoric acid Hydrofluoric acid Hydrogen Hydrogen bromine, gaseous Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen sulphide Hydrogen sulphide, gaseous Hydrogen superoxyde Hydrogen superoxyde Hydroquinone


H H H TR

any 40 GL any any H any VL H 37 70

any

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗

❍

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

32 any TR TR TR

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

L

● ● ●

any 50 any TR 10 TR 50 70 TR TR 10 30 90 GL TR 30 90 L

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

TR TR

● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍ ◗ ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ❍◗ ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ● ●

65



Hydrosilicofluoric acid Hydrosilicofluoric acid Hydrosulphite Hydroxylamine sulphate Hypochlorous acid Hypophosphite I Ink Interlacing agent Insecticides lodine-potassium iodide (3% iodine) Isobutyl alcohol Iso-octane Isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol) Isopropyl acetate Isopropyl ether Isobutylaldehyde (technically pure) Iron (Ill) ammonium sulphate Iron salts J Jam Javel water (sodium hypochlorite) Jelly K Kaolin, washed/ground Kerosine (petroleum) Ketone Kitchen salt, saturated (sole) L Lactose Lanolin Lactic acid Latex (caotchouc dispersions) Lead (Il) acetate Lemon aroma Lemon juice Lemon zest Lime (calcium hydroxide) Lime water Linseed oil Lighting gas, benzole free Levoxin 15 (diamin hydrate) Liquid soap Liquor Lemonade Lipoids (lecithin, emulsifiers) Lithium bromide Lixtone – SO Lixtone TS 803/M Lubricant oils Lubricant soap Lysoform (disinfectant; acqueous solution var. higher aldehydes) Lysol

66


32 any VL 12

● ● ●

any

●

● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍ ◗ ❍◗

5 G

TR TR 100 TR 100 GL any

H 5

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍ ❍ ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

any TR

● ●

100

●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ❍◗

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

TR any any

GL TR H TR H any

H

VL

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ●

● ❍◗

❍◗


M Magnesium carbonate Magnesium chloride Magnesium fluorsilicate Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium iodide Magnesium salts Magnesium sulphate Maleic acid Malic acid Malic acid Malic acid Manganese sulphate Margarine Maschine oil Mashed potato Mashes Mayonnaise Molasses Molasses aroma Menthol Mercuric chloride Mercuric salts Mercury Mersol D (mixture of higher paraffin sulfonic acid chlorides) Metallic mordant Metallic soap Methacrylic acid Methane, gaseous Methanol (methyl alcohol) Methoxybutanol Methoxybutyl acetate (butoxyl) Methyl alcohol (methanol) Methyl acetate Methyl acrylate Methylamine Methylbenzene (toluol) Methyl bromide, gaseous Methyl chloride Methylcyclohexane Methylene chloride Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl glycol Methyl isobutylketone Methyl metacrylate 4-Methyl-2-pentanol Methyl propylketon n-Methyl pyrrolidone Methylsalicylate (Salicylic acid methyl ester) Methyl sulphuric acid Methyl sulphuric acid Metol (4-methyl-amino-phenosulphate) (photographic-developer) Milk Mineral oil, without additives Mineral oil, free of aromatic compounds Mineral water Mixed acid I (sulphuric acid/nitric acid/water) 48/49/ 3 50/50/ 0 10/87/ 3


GL any GL any any GL 1 50 GL

TR

H TR TR GL TR 100

TR any TR any TR 32 TR TR TR TR TR

50 100 VL H H H

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

❍◗ ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ● ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ❍ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ● ●

● ●

❍◗ ● ❍◗ ● ●

❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍



50/31/19 50/33/17 10/20/70 Mixed acid ll (sulphuric acid/phosphoric acid/water) 30/60/10 Monochlorbenzene Monochloracetic acid ethyl ester Monochloracetic acid methyl ester Monoethylamine Morpholine Motor oil Mowilith-dispersions N Nail varnish Nail varnish remover Naphtha Naphthalin Natural gas Nekal BX (interlacing agent; sodium salts var. isopropyl naphthaline sulphonic acids) Nickel chloride Nickel nitrate Nickel salts Nickel sulphate Nicotine Nicotinic acid Nitric acid Nitric acid Nitric acid Nitric acid Nitric acid Nitric acid Nitrochloroform Nitrobenzene Nitrocellulose Nitrogen (gaseous) Nitrous gases Nitrotoluols Nolan stop-off lacquer (dangerous substance) Nolan thinner (dangerous substance) Nonyl alcohol (nonanol) Nut oil O Octyl cresol Oleic acid Oil of cloves Oils, distilled Oils, mineral, without additives Oils, mineral, free of aromatic compounds Oils, vegetable and mineral Oleum, 10% SO3 Oleum vapours (sulphur trioxid) Oleum vapours Oleic acid O-nitrotuluol Optical whiteners Orange juice Orange zest Orotol Oxalic acid


❍◗

100 100 any TR

H TR H any GL GL GL any VL 6,3 25 40 50 65 75 TR any 5 TR

TR

H H 5 TR TR TR

GL

❍◗

❍◗

❍

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ● ● ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ●

❍◗

❍

● ●

❍◗ ❍◗

❍◗

❍

❍◗ ● ● ● ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Flow through substance

Oxygen Ozone, gaseous 50 pphm Ozone, gaseous 2% Ozone

❍ ❍

●

Geberit HDPE

❍ ● ● ● ●

❍

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ●

● ● ● ●


TR

GL

P P 3 Galvaclean 20 (dangerous substance) P 3 Galvaclean 42 = P 3 S (dangerous substance) P 3 Galvaclean 44 (dangerous substance) P 3 Galvaclean 45 (dangerous substance) P 3 Galvaclean 65 (dangerous substance) P 3 Manuvo hand cleaner (dangerous substance) P 3 Saxim (dangerous substance) P 3 Standard (dangerous substance) P 3 7221 (dangerous substance) Palmityl acid Palmityl alcohol Palm kernel oil Palm oil H Palm kernel oil acid TR Paraffin 100 Paraffin emulsion H Paraffin oil TR Paraformaldehyde Parfume Paris inert oxyd (dangerous substance) Peanut oil Pectin GL Pentanol TR Peppermint oil TR Perchlorethylene TR Perchloric acid 20 Perchloric acid 50 Perchloric acid 70 Perhydrol (hydrogen peroxide, acqueous solution) 40 Petroleum ether TR Petroleum (kerosene) TR Petroleum spirit (light petrol, free from aromatic compounds) 100 Petrol, regular grade H Photographic emulsion H Photographic developer H Photographic fixer bath H Pineapple juice Pine needle oil Phenol (carbolic acid) any Phenol resin mould substances Phenylamine (aniline) GL Phenylethyl alcohol Phenylhydrazine TR Phenylhydrazine hydrochloride Phenyl sulphonat (Sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate) Phosgene, gaseous TR Phosgene, liquid TR Phosphates any Phosphoroxichloride Phosphorpentoxide 100 Phosphoric acid 50 Phosphoric acid 95 Phosphortrichloride TR Phosphoryl chloride TR

● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍

●

●

●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

❍◗ ❍ ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ❍◗

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ●

❍◗ ● ● ❍ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ❍ ❍ ● ● ❍ ❍ ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ●

● ●

❍◗ ❍◗

❍◗

67



Phtalic acid Phtalic acid Phtalic acid ester Picric acid Picric acid Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Polyester resins Polyester softeners Polyglycols Pork dripping Potash (potassium carbonate) Potassium ferrocyanide, pot. ferricyanide Potassium ferricyanide and potassium ferrocyanide Potassium cyanide Potassium ammonium sulphate (alum) Potassium carbonate Potassium bichromate (potassium dichromate) Potassium bisulphate Potassium borate Potassium borate Potassium bromate Potassium bromate Potassium bromide Potassium cium cyanide Potassium carbonate (potash) Potassium chlorate Potassium chloride Potassium chromate Potassium chromate Potassium cyanide Potassium dichromate (potassium bichromate) Potassium ferricyanide Potassium fluoride Potassium hexacyano ferrate Potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) Potassium iodide Potassium nitrate Potassium perborate Potassium perchlorate Potassium permanganate Potassium permanganate Potassium persulphate Potassium phosphate Potassium sulphate Potassium sulphite Potassium sulphite Potassium tetracyanocuprate Potassium thiosulphate Propane, liquid Propane, gaseous i-Propanol n-Propanol (n-propyl alcohol) Propargyl alcohol Propionic acid Propionic acid Propylene chloride Propylene glycol Propylene oxide Prussic acid

68


50 GL 1 GL

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ❍ ❍

❍◗

any any any any any any any any 10 GL VL GL any any any any any 40 GL any any any any any 50 any any GL 20 GL any any any L

TR TR TR TR 7 50 TR 100 TR TR TR

❍◗

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ●


Prussic acid (hydrocyanic acid) Pseudocumol Pyridine Q Quinine R Ratak Resit 65 (Fuchs) Rectified spirit (ethanol, ethyl alcohol, spirit of wine) Rinsing agents Roaster gases, dry Rum


10 TR

●

● ●

❍◗ ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

●

● ●

● 96 H any 40

S Saccharic acid GL Sagrotan (disinfection, chlorophenol soap solution) VL Sagrotan Salicylic acid GL Salicylic acid methyl ester (methylsalicylate) Sal-ammoniac (ammonium chloride) any Salt (sodium chloride) any Saturated steam concentrate Seawater H Separating agent Sewage Shampoo Shoe cream Silicic acid any Silicofluoric acid 40 Silver nitrate any Silver salts GL Silicon oil TR Soda (sodium carbonate) any Soap solution any Soda Iye (sodium hydroxide, caustic soda) any Soda water (carbon dioxide) any Sodium acetate any Sodium aluminium sulphate Sodium benzoate GL Sodium benzoate 36 Sodium bicarbonate (sodium hydrogen carbonate) GL Sodium bisulphate (sodium hydrogen sulphate) GL Sodium bisulphitt (sodium hydrogen sulphite, sodium disulphite) any Sodium borate Sodium bromate L Sodium bromide L Sodium carbonate (soda) any Sodium chlorate any Sodium chloride (salt) any Sodium chlorite VL Sodium chlorite 20 Sodium chlorite bleaches H Sodium chromate VL Sodium cyanide GL Sodium dichromate GL Sodium disulphite (sodium bisulphite) any Sodium dithionite VL Sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (phenyl sulphonate) Sodium ferricyanide

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍◗

❍

❍◗ ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●



Sodium fluoride Sodium hexacyanoferrate Sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate) Sodium hydrogen sulphate (sodium bisulphate) Sodium hydrogen sulphite (sodium bisulphite) Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) Sodium hypochlorite (Javel water) Sodium hypochlorite Sodium iodide Sodium copper cyanide Sodium nitrate Sodium nitrite Sodium oxalate Sodium perborate Sodium perchlorate Sodium peroxide Sodium peroxide Sodium peroxodisulphate (sodium persulphate) Sodium phosphate Sodium silicate (water glass) Sodium sulphate (Glauber’s salt) Sodium sulphide Sodium sulphite Sodium thiosulphate (fixative salt) Softeners Soya oil Spermaceti Sperm oil alcohol (mixture of higher oil alcohols) Spindle oil Spin bath acid, containing CS2 Spirits Stain remover Stannous (Il) chloride Starch Starch syrup Stearic acid Stellhefen flavouring (aqueous solution of maltose and dextrines) Styrol Succinic acid Suet Sugar beet juice Sugar solutions Sugar syrup Sulphate Sulphur Sulphur dichloride Sulphur dioxide Sulphur dioxide, gaseous, dry and damp Sulphur dioxide, liquid Sulphurated potash (potassium polysulphide) Sulphuric acid Sulphuric acid Sulphuric acid Sulphur sodium (sodium sulphide) Sulphur trioxide (oleum vapours) Sulphur trioxide Sulphurous acid


GL GL

● ●

● ● ● ●

GL 10 any any 5 12,5 L any any any GL any

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

10 GL GL GL any any any GL any

100 TR 0,01 H

● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ●

●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ any any any TR

● ● ● ●

L

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

❍◗

● ● ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ❍ ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ●

❍◗ any TR any any H any TR TR any any TR any 10 70 90 any 5 TR GL

❍◗


T Taningan extra (synthetic tanning substances) Tannic acid (tannine) Tannin (tannic acid) Tea Tar Tartaric acid Turpentine Tetrabromethane Tetrachloroethane Tetrachloroethylene Tetraethyl lead Tetrahydrofurane Tetrahydronaphthalin (Tetralin) Thioglycol (thiodiethylene glycol) Thioglycolic acid Thiocarmabide Thionyl chloride Thiophene Tincture of iodine DAB6 Tiutol (hypochlorite Javel water) Toluol (methyl benzene) Tomato juice Transformer oil Triethanolamine Triethylene glycol Tributyl phosphate Trichloroethane, gaseous Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Trichlorobenzene Trichlorethylphosphate Trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic acid Trichlorofluorethane (freon 11, Sdp. 24∞C) Triethanolamine Tricresylphosphate Trilon Trimethylborate Trimethylolpropane Trisodium phosphate Trioctylphospate T-SS up to 5% Two-stroke oil Typewriter oil U Universal thinners Uric acid Urine


GL 10 10 G any TR TR TR TR TR TR 100

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍ ● ● ●

❍◗ ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍

❍◗ ❍◗ ● ❍ ● ● ● ● ❍

❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ● ● any ● TR ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ TR H ● ● ❍◗ 12/13 ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ ❍ TR ● ● ● ❍◗ TR ● TR ● ● ● ● ● ● TR ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍ ❍ 100 ❍◗ TR TR ❍◗ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ● ● ● 50 ● ● ● TR ● ❍◗ ❍ ❍◗ ❍ 100 TR ● ● ● TR ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❍ ● ● ● ● ● ● TR ● ● ❍◗ ● ❍◗ ● ● ● ●

❍◗ ❍◗ GL 33

● ●

● ● ● ●

❍◗

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍ ● ● ●

❍◗

V Vaseline oil Vinegar (wine vinegar) Vinyl acetate Viscose spinning solutions Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

TR H TR

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

❍ ❍ ❍ ● ● ●

69




W Wax alcohols TR Waxes Walnut oil Washing agents G Washing up liquid Water, distillied Water, fully desalinized Water de-ionized Water chlorinated driking water Water, ozonized drinking water Water glass (sodium silicate) any Wattle, vegetable H Wattle, from cellulose H Wine H Wine vinegar (vinegar) H Wine spirit (ethyl alcohol, ethanol, rectified spirit) 96 White spirit TR White spirit (cristal oil) TR Whisky H Whwy Wood stain G

❍ ◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ❍◗ ❍

❍◗ ❍◗ ❍◗ ● ● ●

● ●

❍◗

X Xylene (isomer mixture)

TR

❍ ❍ ❍

Y Yeast

any

●

GL any GL any

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Z Zampon thinners Zinc carbonate Zinc chloride Zinc oxide Zinc salts Zinc sludge Zinc dust Zinc stearate Zinc sulphat

70

● ●

❍◗ ❍◗

any any

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Geberit Drainage Systems Storage of HDPE and Silent-db20

10

Storage of Geberit HDPE and Silent-db20

Handling

•

Ideally, stacks should contain one diameter pipe size only. Where this is not possible, stack largest

•

Take all reasonable care when handling Geberit

diameter pipes at the base of stack. Small pipes may

HDPE and Silent-db20. •

be nested inside larger pipes.

Do not throw or drop pipes, or drag them along hard surfaces.

•

•

In case of mechanical handling, use protective slings

If stored in the open for long periods, or exposed to strong sunlight, cover the stack with opaque sheeting.

and padded s. Metal chains and hooks •

should not make direct with the pipe.

Store fittings under cover. Do not remove from cartons or packaging until required.

On-site storage •

Stack pipe lengths:

• - on a flat base

Site safety

- on level ground - on 75mm x 75mm timber at 1.0m maximum centres. •

NB - Electrofusion couplings MUST be dry when welded.

Provide side with 75mm wide battens

The relevant regulations detailed in the Health & Safety at Work 1974, and Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 1995, must be adhered to on site.

at 1m centres. •

Maximum stack: seven layers high.

1m Maximum Centres

1.0m Maximum Centres

110mm 160mm with 110mm inserted

75mm Minimum Width

71

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