Human Existence And Ethics 5yd2e

HUMAN EXISTENCE AND ETHICS Prepared By: Mr. Joel C. Estacio, RN, RM, MANc

INTRODUCTION HUMAN EXISTENCE is an incomprehensible contradiction.

PHILOSOPHY “Ceaseless, intellectual quest for the existential import of Life”

Intellectual search for meaning Forms:  Logical – problems of reasoning  Ethical – problems of morality  Epistemological – problems of truth  Theological – problems of God  Cosmological – problems of the universe  Aesthetical – problems of art and beauty  Scientific – problems of science  Ethics/Moral Philosophy – ethical search for meaning

MORAL PHILOSOPHY 

Ethics is likewise known as moral philosophy, as it deals with morality, moral rectitude or the rightness and wrongness of human acts.

ETHICS IS A PRACTICAL AND NORMATIVE SCIENCE 

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PRACTICAL SCIENCE – systematized body of knowledge that can be used, practiced and applied to human action NORMATIVE SCIENCE – ethics establishes norms or standards for the direction and regulation of human actions

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ETHICAL STUDIES ARE BASED ON REASON Insofar as all proofs of ethical science must find their source in the native power of reason alone. Investigate facts  analyze them  draws from them practical applications to practical answers.

THINK ABOUT IT!!! 

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ETHICS does not subscribe to nor will it rely on, so-called “divine revelation” for the final answers or resolutions of certain moral issues. ETHICS deals only with Human Acts.

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HUMAN ACTS – done with knowledge and full consent of the will

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ACTS OF MAN – absence of either or both of the conditions.

THINK ABOUT IT! Should a person be held morally responsible for an act performed in ignorance?

IGNORANCE  Absence of knowledge in an individual who is supposed to know it.  Vincible Ignorance – can be overcome by exerting some effort  Invincible Ignorance – can hardly be removed even if one were to exert extra effort to overcome it.

ERRONEOUS CONSCIENCE  Refers to a situation in which one’s own conscience errs or is mistaken.

Sincerity and honesty with one’s reason, one’s conscience, and with one’s knowledge about the goodness and badness of a certain act will determine the degree of ones culpability and inculpability, responsibility and non-responsibility.

BIOETHICS 

The division of ethics that relates to human life or the ethics of the life sciences and healthcare, both delivery and research

Health Ethics 

The division of ethics that relates to human health. It is also considered as ethics for the health professions

Professional Ethics 

The division of ethics that relates to professional behavior

ETHICS and RELIGION Ethics is a science and depends upon rational investigation of its truths  Teaches the value of religion presenting it as a duty to the almighty 

Religion is a system of beliefs and practices based on faith or revelation  An organized church, contributes to the teaching of ethics and continues to enrich with its moral insights. 

DISPERSE!

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WHY IS MAN MORAL? PHILOSOPHERS REFER TO “ETHICS AS THE ONLY NECESSARY KNOWLEDGE” EXPLAIN WHY. IS ETHICS THE SAME AS RELIGION? WHY?