Psicologia En La Ingenieria 2a2e2j
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INTRODUCCION *+,-./0/12*-3143-452*/6*78-9300*7*:*+,-./0/12*/51*3-;*.-/3*04,6<:-*40 ./7+/56*7-436/:4365/:40=78-6/:40/,341/.-/,>:40*-3:<,65-*?>*@<44,6*,4 43.*51*:40./7+/56*7-436/:4365/>A<45*:4<3*47+54,*./7/0/,/30/, 65*8*B*:/54,>0/,./3,<7-:/54,
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OBJETIVO GENERAL *+*.-6*53/, > *:@<-5-5 ./3/.-7-436/, 43 .<*36/ *0 :4,*55/00/ > C*8-0-:*:4, 7/6/5*, :40 C/7854 A54364 * <3* 7*@<-3* :4 /+45*.-D3 74.=3-.*? +*5* /864345 <38<43:4,47+4E/434065*3,.<5,/:40+5/15*7**.*:97-./.<5,*:/>3/,,-5F* :44G+45-43.-*./7/A<6<5/,-3143-45/,+5/A4,-/3*04, OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS Î ,6<:-*50*540*.-D34G-,6436443654C/7854(7=@<-3* Î /3/.4543@<45/0,4:4,43F<40F440+,-.D0/1/-3143-45/43<3*47+54,* Î ,6<:-*5 :46*00*:*74364 0*, A<3.-/34, > :4.-,-/34, @<4 <3 +,-.D0/1/ -3143-45/:4,47+4E*43.<*0@<-45C=8-6/47+54,*5-*04-3:<,65-*0 Î /3/.45 0*, 54,+<4,6*, 7/6/5*, :4 <3 /+45*:/5 A54364 * <3* *..-D3 4B45.-:*+/5<3*7*@<-3*/+45*:* Î /365/0*5 :4 0* 74B/5 7*345* +/,-804 0*, :-A454364, ,-6<*.-/34, @<4 ,4 +<4:*3+54,436*5*364<3./365/0*:/5/7*@<-3* Î :@<-5-5<374B/5:4,47+4E/0*8/5*04340A<6<5/:4365/:447+54,* Î :@<-5-5 C*8-0-:*:4, 64D5-.* +*5* <3 74B/5 A<3.-/3*7-436/ > <3* 7*>/5 +5/:<..-D3430*434065*8*B/ Î /3/.45 0*, 64/52*, @<4 5-143 0*, 69.3-.*, +*5* 4B4.<6*5 4047436/, 7/F-804,>A-B/,./37*>/5A*.-0-:*:>+54.-,-D3
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JUSTIFICACION *+,-./0/12*430*-3143-452*65*6*0/,+5/8047*:40*7*@<-3*+5/>4.6*:*+*5*<3 C<,/ C<7*3/ /+6-7/ <3* 15*3 .*36-:*: :4 +5/8047*, 0*8/5*04, 4,6= ./3,6-6<-:* +/5 0*, 540*.-/34, 43654 40 C/7854 > 0*, 7*@<-3*, @<4 ,4 <6-0-;*3 +*5* 0* 54*0-;*.-D3:4065*8*B/+<4,6/@<440<06-7/<,<*5-/:44,6/,*+*5*6/,4,40C/7854 7-,7/:484./3,-:45*5,443,<./3,65<..-D30*,.*5*.6452,6-.*,C<7*3*, 4 7/:/ ,-7-0*5 3<4,65*, 7*@<-3*, 7=, ./7+04B*, 54+54,436*3 <3* ./3,4.<43.-* :-54.6* :4 0*, 34.4,-:*:4, C<7*3*, @<-;=, 7=, -7+/56*364 40 C4.C/ :4 @<4 0*, 7-,7*, 7*@<-3*, C*3 .54*:/ 3<4F*, 34.4,-:*:4, @<4 * 743<:/,/0/+<4:43,45,*6-,A4.C*,+/50*-3F43.-D3:4/65*,3<4F*,
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ÔISTORIA Y DESARROLLO DEL CAMPO ,:47*,-*:/:-A2.-0A-B*5<3*A4.C*+*5*0*A<3:*.-D3:4.<*0@<-45:-,.-+0-3*H,-3 478*51/"&L /7/*<6/5?<3,6458451643:2**,45743/,*154,-F/> :-54.6/@<4 ./6643,<796/:/+*5**+0-.*50*+,-./0/12**0/,341/.-/, <0-85/? @<4,-5F-D./7/7/:40/+*5*40:4,*55/00/:40*+,-./0/12*-3:<,65-*0?-3.0<>4647*, ./7/40*+543:-;*B4?40*B<,64*0*,./3:-.-/34,A2,-.*,?0*4./3/72*:4 7/F-7-436/,?0*7/3/6/32*?0*A*6-1*?0*./7+5*>0*F436* <.C/:40/,+5-3.-+*04,.*7+/,:4:4,*55/00/+,-./0D1-./:40*+/,1<455*?6*04, ./7/0*,+5<48*,:415<+/,?0*,+5<48*,+5/A4,-/3*04,?0*,4,.*0*,:4.*0-A-.*.-D3 > 40 -3F436*5-/ :4 +45,/3*0-:*: 6
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LA PSICOLOGÍA EN LA INGENIERIA ,6* +54643:4 65*6*5 0/, +5/8047*, :4 0* 7=@<-3* +5/>4.6*:* +*5* <3 <,/ C<7*3//+6-7/C*:4,8/5:*:/*0*+5/+-*-3143-452*+*5*<,/C<7*3//+6-7/>* 0*+,-./0/12*4G+45-7436*0 c<4,6/@<4*C/5*>*4,6*7/,A*7-0-*5-;*:/, La tarea del ingeniero /3,-,6443+5/>4.6*5?:-,4E*5>54*0-;*54,65<.6<5*,>* +*5*5 0/, M6-04, +*5* C/7854 +0-.* ,< ./3/.-7-436/ :4 0*, +5/+-4:*:4, 74.=3-.*,? 409.65-.*, > @<27-.*, > /65*, :4 0* 7*645-* * 0* 7-,-D3 :4 .54*5 6/:* .0*,4 :4 *+*5*6/, A<3.-/3*04, 6*04, ./7/ -7+45:-804, > *<6/7DF-04, 5*6/345*, > ./C464,:-5-1-:/, 0:4,1*,647<,.<0*5C<7*3/:-/0<1*5*0*34.4,-:*:>/80-1/ *0 -3F436/ :4 *+*5*6/, 6*04, ./7/ 0* +*0*3.* apolea? 40 6/53-00/ > 6/:* .0*,4 :4 <643,-0-/, 0C/7854>*3/4,6=./36436/./30*F40/.-:*::40/,*36-1 7=, ./3A/56*80474364 /3 0* -365/:<..-D3 :4 A<4364, :4 434512* -3:4+43:-4364,? ,4 5/7+-D 40 4,0*8D3 ,-7+04 > :-54.6/ @<4 <32* *0 C/7854 ./3 0* 7=@<-3*? ./3 7<.C* A54.<43.-* ./3/.47/,,/0/:4<37/:/-3:-54.6/?0*3*6<5*04;*:4074:-/@<43/,5/:4* 0 -3143-45/ :484 .54*5 0/, 74:-/, +*5* +5/.<5*5 * 4,6*, 14364, 0* -3A/57*.-D3 34.4,*5-*+*5*<3./365/0,41<5/>4A4.6-F/:40F4C2.<0/ EL PROBLEMA DE LA AUTOMACIÓN COMPLETA * *<6/7*.-D3 +<4:4 ,45 ./7+046* 43 .-456/, -3,65<7436/, 4,+4.-*0-;*:/, 4 -3.0<,/43,-,647*,7=,40*8/5*:/, 3+/././3,6*364>5*;/3*804?6*0./7/40 4B47+0/ :*:/ +/5 0* 7/:453* +5/:<..-D3 :40 +465D04/ +<4:4 004F*5,4 * .*8/ 43 A*.6/52*, .*,- 6/6*074364 *<6/7=6-.*,? +45/ *<3 *@<2 43./365*7/, * <3/, +/./, /+45*5-/, F-1-0*3:/ 0/, ./7+04B/, .<*:5/, :4 7*3:/H ./7+5/8=3:/0/, > 4,6*3:/ :-,+<4,6/, * 54,+/3:45 * 0*, ,4E*04, *<6/7=6-.*, :4 *0*57*, -3:-.*:/5*, :4 0* *+*5-.-D3:4:-A-.<06*:4,@<40*,7=@<-3*,+/5,-7-,7*,3/+<4:43,/0F436*5 Máquinas y s *, 7=@<-3*, +/5 ,2 7-,7*, 3/ +<4:43 ,/0F436*5 4 -365/:<.-5,4 430/, ,-,647*, 0/,74:-/,*:4.<*:/,+*5*54,/0F450*, 34,64,436-:/,4*7+0-*407*5./:40*, ./3:-.-/34,*78-436*04,./30*,@<40*7=@<-3*+<4:4./7+46-53/,-3478*51/? ,-3 @<4 ,< ./,6/ *<74364 4847/, +*1*5 +/5 0*, +-4;*, 43 ,-? +/5 40 4,+*.-/ @<4/.<+*3>+/50*.54.-4364./7+04B-:*::40,-,647*>*@<40*,+-4;*,:4843,45 ?? ?
-36415*:*, 43 0* 4,65<.6<5* 14345*0 <*3:/ .*78-*3 0*, 34.4,-:*:4,? ,4 54@<-45433<4F*,A<3.-/34,:40*,7=@<-3*,0*./7+04B-:*:0-7-6*40:4,*55/00/:4 0* *<6/7*.-D3 ./7+046*? .*:* <3* :4 0*, +*564, :4 +*5*:*, @<4 -3A0<43.-*3 0* ./3:<.6*:40,-,647*./7+04B/?:484+/:45,474:-5>,
<3./365/0A2,-./? 6/:/, 0/, A*.6/54, *A-34, * 0*, :-A454364, +-4;*, :4843 <3-5,4 <3/, * /65/, > 540*.-/3*5,4 ,6/,/0/+<4:40/15*5,4*65*F9,:4<3+5/.4,/.4365*0<3-6*5-/7<> ./7+04B/ :4 <3 *+*5*6/ :4 ./365/0 ./3 F*5-/, /8B46-F/, > 8*,6*364 A04G-804, +*5* 65*6*50*F*5-4:*::4:*6/,@<4,40443F243?4354,<743<3.45485/1-1*364 EL CAMPO DE LA PSICOLOGÍA EN LA INGENIERÍA *6*54*@<4*A5/36*0*+,-./0/12*43-3143-452*4,0*:4:4,.5-8-54,6*,4,+4.-*04, C*8-0-:*:4, :40 C/7854 :4 <3 7/:/ 6*0 @<4 0/, -3F436/54, ./7/ 0/, -3143-45/, +<4:*3-3./5+/5*54A4.6-F*74364*0/+45*:/5C<7*3/./7/<3./7+/34364:4<3 ,-,647* C/7854(7=@<-3* 3 15*:/ :4 +54.-,-D3 :-A2.-0 :4 *0.*3;*5 +/5@<4 0* +,-./0/12* 4, <3* .-43.-* 540*6-F*74364 B/F43 > 0* ./3:<.6* C<7*3* 4, 4G65*/5:-3*5-*74364./7+04B/ Un problema de comunicación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NATURALEZA DE LOS SISTEMAS ÔOMBRE MÁQUINA l%<94,<3,-,647*O ,0*-:4*8=,-.*@<43/,+457-64./0/.*5*0C/7854>*0* 7=@<-3*436957-3/,-1<*04, *3*6<5*04;*:40,-,647*F-434:46457-3*:*+/540 7/:/:4*.6<*5:40*,:-,6-36*,+*564,43654,- La cadena abierta: 0 ,-,647* :4 ./365/0 -36415*:/ +/5 0* A/6/.90<0* > 40 4@<-+/ 404.65D3-./*:-.-/3*0?+5/:<.4<3.*78-/4340543:-7-436/@<4:4+43:4*,<F4;? :4<3.*78-/43404,6-7<0/<3*F4;-3*.6-F*:/40./37<6*:/5?>*3/04-3A0<43.-*3 0/,+/,645-/54,.*78-/,43404,6-7<0/?4,6*4,0*.*:43**8-456*,-7+04 La cadena cerrada: 0 54,<06*:/ 4, <3* 7*>/5 +5/:<..-D3 :4 .*0/5 43 0* C*8-6*.-D3 l4,6/ 4, 6*78-93 <3* .*:43* *8-456*O / +/5@<4 0* .*36-:*: :4 +5/:<..-D3 *.6M* ,/854 40 4047436/ 4,6-7<0/? 4, .*5*.6452,6-./ :4 0* .*:43* .455*:*@<4*08*B*50*+5/:<..-D3/+*564:4400*,47/:-A-@<4*,27-,7* ESPECIFICACIONES EN EL CONTROL *+*0*85*./365/0,4,-13-A-.*7*364345./3,6*364*01<3*.*36-:*:4,+4.2A-.* 3 40+5-745.*,/:4,4*7/,7*3643450*,./3:-.-/34,:4-0<7-3*.-D3>4340,41<3:/ * 3-F40 :4 647+45*6<5* /, ,-,647*, :4 .*:43* *8-456* :4 54*0-7436*.-D3? ,/3 34.4,*5-*743640-7-6*:/,43,<.*7+/:4*..-D3+*5*65-<3A*5./3F43-436474364 :4843.*0-85*5,48*B/<315<+/4,+4.-*0:4./3:-.-/34, /,*+*5*6/,:44,646-+/ ,<7-3-,65*3 <3 ./365/0 7=, +54.-,/ ,/854 4,627<0/, :4 *7+0-* 1*7* :4 F*0/54, /36/:/3/4,A=.-0:-,4E*5<3-3,65<7436/@<4*0.*3.46*0+54.-,-D3 4 54A-454 * <3* ,-7+04 A<3.-D3 :4 ./365/0 ./3.546*74364 0* @<4 541<0* 0* F40/.-:*::40*+*5*6/ c/:47/,./3,-:45*5*0+-0/6/?40/+45*:/5C<7*3/7-,7/? /.<+*3:/407=G-7/3-F404340,-,647*:4./365/0,4+54,<74@<4+/,446*78-93 4047436/, :4 4,6-7<0/ :4 ./365/0 > :4 543:-7-436/? +45/ +/5 40 7/7436/ :4B97/,04*90,/0/ ,-7+/56*364@<43/,:47/,.<436*:4@<44,6*:4,.5-+.-D33/,/0/4,+/,-804 .<*3:/ ,4 :4A-34 <3 3-F40 +*56-.<0*5 +/5 4B47+0/? ,4 -3:-.* <3 3<4F/ 15<+/ :4 4,627<0/, > 543:-7-436/, 43 40 7=, *06/ 3-F40 :4 4,64 3<4F/ 15<+/? 40 :-,+0*>? 40 /+45*:/5C<7*3/,>40*+*5*6/:4./365/0?,465*3,A/57*34340,-,647*:4./365/0 @<4 54.-84 0* -3A/57*.-D3? 0* 40*8/5* > :* 0<1*5 * <3 543:-7-436/ 43 <3* A/57* *01/:-,6-36*
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LA CONDUCTA DEL OPERADOR ÔUMANO 0C/7854+/5*3*0/12*,404./3,-:45*./7/<3,-,647*:44,646-+/ 4 0* -3A/57*.-D3 * 0* *..-D3 40 +5-745 *.6/ :4 <3 C/7854 @<4 ./365/0* <3 ,-,647*? 4, 54.-8-5 -3A/57*.-D3? ,41<-:*74364 40 C/7854 :4.-:4 0/ @<4 :484 C*.45?4,:4.-5?+-43,* <3430**.6<*0-:*: ,6* *.6<*0-:*: :4 ./365/0 C* ,-:/ 4,6<:-*:* 4G643,*74364 43 +,-./0/12* > ,4 04 C* -:436-A-.*:/ * 0/, +5/.4,/, 7436*04, ,<+45-/54, 6*04, ./7/ 40 +43,*5? 40 ,/0<.-/3*5+5/8047*,?40./3/.45405*;/3*5>:47=,A<3.-/34,+*54.-:*, LOCALIZACIÓN: 3 /8B46-F/ >* 7<> 4,6<:-*3:/ @<4 *+*54.4 * 7<06-6<: :4 +5/8047*, :-A454364, 4, 40 :4 0* 0/.*0-;*.-D3 :4 <3 80*3./ 43 7/F-7-436/ 4,6/ /80-1* * 7*364345 * <3 F*0/5 ./3,6*364 0* :-,.54+*3.-* 43654 40 80*3./ > <3 -3:-.*:/5:4*01M36-+/@<454A04B*0*,-6<*.-D34,+4.-*0:40/8B46/*0/.*0-;*5 < 7/F-7-436/ 54+54,436* 40 :40 80*3./ * 65*F9, :40 4,+*.-/ 0 -3:-.*:/5 / .<5,/5 +<4:4 4,6*5 ./3,6-6<-:/ +/5 <3 +4@<4E/ .-5.<0/ -0<7-3*:/ 0* 6*54* :40 /+45*:/5 ./3,-,64 43 7*3-+<0*5 <3* +*0*3.* :4 ./365/0 :4 6*0 7/:/ @<4 40 80*3./ ,4 7*36431*:4365/:40.-5.<0/ PERSECUCIÓN Y LOCALIZACIÓN COMPENSADORA: 484 3/6*5,4 @<4 0* :-A4543.-*436540/,:/,6-+/,:40/.*0-;*.-D3:4.-:4430*A/57*:4+54,436*5,40* -3A/57*.-D3 3 0* 0/.*0-;*.-D3 +/5 +45,4.<.-D3? 40 /+45*:/5 +<4:4 /8,45F*5 0* 65*>4.6/5-*:4080*3./ 30*0/.*0-;*.-D3./7+43,*:/5*?0*65*>4.6/5-*:4080*3./ 3/4,6*6*3.0*5*74364:4A-3-:*43,<0<1*5?0/@<440/+45*:/5F44,4054,<06*:/ :4080*3./>:40/,4A4.6/,./554.6-F/,/*./+0*:/54,+5/:<.-:/,+/504./365/0 CORRECCIONES: 4345*074364? 43 0*, +5-745*, 46*+*, 0* .*+*.-:*: +*5* 54*0-;*5 0*, ./554..-/34, 4, 4,*? 004F* 7=, 6-47+/ *0 /+45*:/5 *0 :464.6*5 0* :-,.54+*3.-*40:4.-:-543@<4:-54..-D3>./7/:4847/F45,40*+*0*3.*?-3.0<,/ 7/F450*?@<44,0/@<4,454@<-454:4,+<9,:4<3*+5=.6-.*./3,-:45*804 G-,6430*643:43.-**C*.45<37/F-7-436/./34.6-F/+/54G.4,//+/54A4.6/?:4 6*0 7/:/ @<4 40 54,<06*:/ 4, +/854? ./365*5-*74364 * 0* @<4 /.<55-5= ,- 0/, 7/F-7-436/, A<45*3 ,<*F4, > ,41<-:/, .*:* -36436/ 54+54,436* 7=, 43 65*;/ :< ./3:<.6*@<4<3*./55-4364./36-3<* TRANSDUCCIÓN: 3* ,41<3:* .*5*.6452,6-.* :4 0* ./3:<.6* 14345*0 :40 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ 4, 0* :4 @<4 40 C/7854 .*78-* 0* A/57* :4 -7+<0,/ > :4 543:-7-436/ 0 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ +/,44 C*8-0-:*:4, 4,+4.-*04, 54,+4.6/ * 0* 65*3,:<..-D3 :4 434512* > ,-,647* :-,4E*:/ 4G-14 0* 4@<-+*5*.-D3 :4 0*, 34.4,-:*:4,:40*,F*5-*804,:40,-,647**0*,C*8-0-:*:4,4G-1-:*,+/540C/7854 ? ? ?
AMPLIFICACIÓN: *645.45*.*5*.6452,6-.*-7+/56*364:40*./3:<.6*14345*0:40 /+45*:/5C<7*3/+<4:400*7*5,4P*7+0-A-.*.-D3Q * *7+0-A-.*.-D3 8=,-.* +*5* 6/:/, 0/, ,-,647*, :4 ./365/0? 6*36/ ,4 -3.0<>43 /+45*:/54, C<7*3/, ./7/ ,-3/ , * 65*F9, :40 1<,6/:4 +4@<4E*, .*36-:*:4, :4434512*.<*3:/,47*3-+<0*37*>/54,A<4364,:40*,7-,7*,430**.6<*.-D3 :4<3,-,647**03-F40:4./365/0C<7*3/0/,+4@<4E/,.*78-/,430*:-,.54+*3.-* 4365480*3./>40+<0,/5+<4:43:*50<1*5*15*3:4,.*78-/,430/,7/F-7-436/, :454,+<4,6* LOS ESTIMULOS Y LOS PROCESOS SENCITIVOS ÔUMANOS 0 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ 54.-84 -3A/57*.-D3 :4 ,< 74:-/ *78-4364 * 65*F9, :4 ,436-:/,4,+4.-*04,F-,6*?/2:/?/0A*6/?6*.6/>1<,6/?0*-3A/57*.-D3@<454.-84,4 0* +54,436*3 0/, :-,+0*> :4 6*0 7/:/ @<4 ,/0/ -3:-54.6*74364 04 ./7<3-.*3 0/, .*78-/, 43 0*, F*5-*.-/34, :4 4,627<0/, 40 :-,+0*> 4, F-,<*0 +45/ 0* -3A/57*.-D3 +54,436*:*,/0/3/,C*80*-3:-54.6*74364:404,6-7<0/ DISEÑO DE DISPLAY: , <3 +5/8047* :4 -3143-452* 40 :4 :46457-3*5 ./7/ ./3,65<-5<3:-,+0*>@<4,4*.*+*;:465*3,7-6-50*-3A/57*.-D354@<45-:*5=+-:*> *:4.<*:*74364+/540/+45*:/5:40*7*@<-3* 0 :-,4E*5 :-,+0*>, +*5* ,-,647*, +*5* ,-,647*, 7=, ./7+04B/, 43 0/, @<4 +<4:*354+54,436*5,47<.C/,4,627<0/,4,-7+/56*364+5/.<5*56*36*.*36-:*::4 -3A/57*.-D38=,-.*./7/,4*+/,-80443<3:-,+0*>,43.-00/ 0 +5/8047* :4 +54,436*5 0* -3A/57*.-D3 *0 /+45*:/5 +<4:4 -0<,65*5,4 A=.-074364 /8,45F*3:/0/,,-,647*,7=,,-7+04,@<4,4A/57*3.<*3:/54.-8-7/,4,627<0/, *-,0*:/,C47/,,<145-:/*3645-/574364@<40*./3:<.6*:40/+45*:/5C<7*3/4, -36457-64364? 40 /8,45F*:/5 *6-43:4 :-,.546*74364 * 0* -3A/57*.-D3 +5/.<5*5= +/5 <3:-*0,-7+04?<3**1 <3*,.-A5*,<3*,.-A5*,*<3/,,278/0/, ,6/,-13-A-.* @<4*<3@<40*,F*5-*.-/34,:44,6-7<0/,+<4:*.*78-*5./36*36474364./7/43 0*, 6*54*, :4 0/.*0-;*.-D3 40 /8,45F*:/5 C<7*3/ +<4:4 .*+6*5 ,< ,-13-A-.*:/ / :464.6*5406-+/:40*,4E*0./7/<3*<3-:*:A-B*43406-47+/ TEORÍA DE LA INFORMACIÓN: * -3A/57*.-D3 ,4 ./0/.* 43 <3 4G6547/ :40 .*3*0 > ,*04 +/5 40 /65/? 4,6* 4, <3* -7*143 .*,- 4G*.6*74364 :40 ,45 C<7*3/ .<*3:/54.-84-3A/57*.-D3:4<3:-,+0*>4,6*,.*36-:*:4,./3,6-6<>4340743,*B4 0/,D51*3/,4,+4.-*0-;*:/,:40C/7854,/30/,@<4004F*3*.*8/0*+45.4+.-D3:40 743,*B4>0*54.4+.-D3:4,<,-13-A-.*:/
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EL BIT: , 0* -3A/57*.-D3 ,<7-3-,65*:* +/5 <3* ,404..-D3 M3-.* 43654 0*, *06453*6-F*,:44,6*7*345*,-,*847/,@<43/,443654:/,*./364.-7-436/,F** /.<55-5? +45/ 3/ 4,6*7/, ,41<5/, :4 .<*0 :4 0/, :/, ,45= <3* ,4E*0 +<4:4 65*3,7-6-5<38-6:4-3A/57*.-D3@<454,<40F*4,6*-3.456-:<7854 REDUNDANCIA EN LA COMUNICACIÓN: 0 C4.C/ 4, @<4 0/, 743,*B4,? 43 3<4,65/0431<*B4?*743<:/0*-3A/57*.-D3F*5-*,F4.4, +*564 +/5 43645/ :4 0* ./7<3-.*.-D3 * 65*F9, :40 0431<*B4 ./7/ 6*0 +/:47/, *+0-.*5 4,6/, ./3.4+6/, * .<*0@<-45 6-+/ :4 :-,+0*> 43 40 .<*0 0/, 4,627<0/, ./3 .*5*.6452,6-.*,F*5-*804,,<7-3-,6543:*6/,:40/,.*78-/,4G6453/,*0,-,647* CALIDAD DE INFORMACIÓN EN UN DISPLAY: ÔAREY Y GARNER :46457-3*5*3 0* .*36-:*: :4 -3A/57*.-D3 65*3,7-6-:* * 0/, /8,45F*:/54, @<4 43B<-.-*8*30/, F*0/54, 54+54,436*:/, +*5* <3 -3:-.*:/5 * 0/0*51/ :4 <3* 4,.*0* ./7/,-A<45*:-A2.-0 34,644G+45-7436/,4+457-6-D*0-3:-.*:/5*:/+6*5?? /+/,-.-/34,:-A454364,/65/:40-3645F*0/-3645+/0*:/ 0*3=0-,-,-3A/57*6-F/:40/,:-,+0*>4,7<>M6-0*65*6*5*01<3/,:40/,+5/8047*, :40 :-,4E/ :4 <6-00*B4, +*5* <,/ C<7*3/? 3/ /8,6*364 <3* 15*3 .*36-:*: :4 4,6<:-/,:4:-.*:/,*0./3/.-7-436/:40/,74.*3-,7/,,43.-6-F/,?0/,.*3*04,* 65*F9,:40/,.<*04,40/8,45F*:/554.-840/,4,6-7<0/, EL CONTROL Y EL PROCESO DE LA INFORMACIÓN ÔUMANA 0 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ *.6M* ./7/ <3 0*;/ F-F/ ./3 0*, +*564, -3*3-7*:*, :40 ,-,647*C/7854(7=@<-3* *-3A/57*.-D3/8643-:*:40:-,+0*>+*,**65*F9,:490? +45/3/:40*7-,7*7*345*./3@<4<3743,*B4+*,**65*F9,:40C-0/6404AD3-./ *0 +5/.4:-7-436/ ,452* /345/,/ +*5* 0/, 6*0436/, :40 C/7854 ./3,-:45*:/ ./7/ <3* 7=@<-3*? .*+*; :4 6/7*5 :4.-,-/34, =, 8-43 0/ @<4 /.<554 4, @<4 0* -3A/57*.-D3? +54,436*:* *0 /+45*:/5 ,4 *,-7-0*? ,4 40*8/5* * 0* 0<; :4 0* -3A/57*.-D3 *07*.43*:* *3645-/574364 43 0* 747/5-* > ,4 F*0/5* +*5* 0* *..-D3 A<6<5* 0-3143-45/:-,4E*:/534.4,-6*,*845.<=04,,/30*,6*54*,%<454*0-;*3 74B/5 0*,7=@<-3*,>0*,@<4 74B/5004F**.*8/40/+45*:/5C<7*3/ -64347/,@<4 *,-,6-5 *0 -3143-45/ 43 4,6* 6*54*? :4847/, 4,6<:-*5 7=, :4643-:*74364 40 +5/.4,/:4-3A/57*.-D3@<440/+45*:/54A4.6M*4 3 ,<c*+40:40*;/65*3,7-,/5( :4(:*6/,(43 40 ,-,647* 0 /+45*:/5 0041* * 9,64 ./3 :46457-3*:/, C=8-6/, > ./3/.-7-436/, *+543:-:/, +54F-*74364 *84 6*78-93 0/ @<4 40 ,-,647* :484 C*.45 0 ./7+04B/ +5/.4,/ :4 0* -3A/57*.-D3 ( * .*:43* :4 *.6/, 7436*04, @<4 ./3:<.4*0*:4.-,-D3A-3*0:40/+45*:/5?47+-4;*./30*,54,+<4,6*,+45.4+6-F*,? @<4 04 .*+*.-6*3 +*5* -3645+546*5 0/, :*6/, :40 :-,+0*> *, 7*3.C*, :4 0<;? 0/, ?? ?
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rocesos perceptivos.? ? /3,6*36474364 ,/7/, 4,6-7<0*:/, +/5 -7=1434, > ,/3-:/, :4 0/, @<4 ,D0/ <3* +4@<4E* A5*..-D3 6-434 ,-13-A-.*:/ +*5* 3<4,65* ./3:<.6* +54,4364 /@<4+54643:47/, > .D7/ -3645+546*7/, 0/, 4,627<0/, F-434 :46457-3*:/ +/5 3<4,65/, +5/.4,/, +45.4+6-F/, 4./3/.47/, / -:436-A-.*7/, +*5* @<9 ,-5F4 <3 /8B46/ +/5@<4 43 40 +*,*:/ ,4 *,/.-*5/3 ./3 90 4G+45-43.-*,:46-+/+*56-.<0*5 4 * 7 / , 40A<3.-/3*7-436/:40+5/.4,/ Exploración.? ? 3 40 *.6/ :4 0* +45.4+.-D3? /864347/, 40 ,-13-A-.*:/ :4 0* -7+54,-D3,43,-6-F**0:-,6-31<-5 43+5-7450<1*50*,+5/+-4:*:4,/.*5*.6452,6-.*, :4 0/, /8B46/, 4847/, /8,45F*5 0/, *65-8<6/, -7+/56*364, @<4 3/, +457-6-5=3 :46457-3*5,-40/8B46/4,-1<*0/3/*0*54+54,436*.-D3*07*.43*:* c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roceso del juicio y la estimación÷? ? /, B<-.-/, > F*0/5*.-/34, @<4 ,4 :45-F*3:40*./3,-:45*.-D3:40/,4,627<0/,,43,-6-F/,6-434315*3-7+/56*3.-*43 ?? ?
40+5/.4,/:40*./3:<.6*:40/+45*:/5 /7/54,<06*:/:40*,+45.4+.-/34,?0*, ./,*, ,4 .*6*0/1*3 43 .0*,4,H 0/, /8B46/, ,4 54./3/.43 / -:436-A-.*3 ./7/ +456434.-4364,/3/*<3*.0*,4?+*56-.<0*5 Juicios. ( c/:47/, :-,6-31<-5 :/, 796/:/, +*5* 54*0-;*5 B<-.-/, 3 B<-.-/? *8,/0<6/?4,40@<4*,-13*<3F*0/5*0/8B46/H4,64F*0/554+54,436*<3+<36/4340 ./36-3 ,-7-0*54, +<4:43 ,45 54@<45-:/, 43 <3* ,45-4 :4 ,-,647*, 43 0/, @<4 6*04, :-743,-/34,:40/,4,627<0/,+54,436*:/,,4<6-0-.43+/5 40 /+45*:/ +*5* :4.-,-/34,<0645-/54, ,6/, B<-.-/, 3/ ,/3 :4.-,-/34, -3 478*51/? *+/56*3 0* -3A/57*.-D3 34.4,*5-* +*5*40M06-7/+*,/4340./7+04B/+5/.4,/7/,65*:/+/540/+45*:/5C<7*3/ Reglas de la decisión÷? ? 0 +*,/ A-3*0 43 0* ,4.<43.-* :4 *.6<*.-/34, 7436*04, @<4 ./3:<.4 *0 /+45*:/5 * 0* *..-D3 7*3-A-4,6* 4, 0* :4.-,-D3 *, +-4;*,:4-3A/57*.-D3<6-0-;*804,430*747/5-*-374:-*6*?@<4,4./7+*5*343 407/7436/:40*:4.-,-D3?,/30*,+45.4+.-/34,>F*0/5*.-/34,@<440/+45*:/5 C*:45-F*:/:40/,4,627<0/,+54,436*:/,+/540:-,+0*>:40*7=@<-3*
40*.-/3*:/ ./3 0/ @<4 40 ,-,647* 6-434 @<4 C*.45? /864347/, 540*.-/34, :40 6-+/ :4 ,- 4,6/ 436/3.4, C*52* T ,43.-*074364 ,4 4,6*804.4 <3* 5410* :4 4,64 6-+/@<4 :4A-340* 7*345* .D7/40 ,-,647*:484./7+/56*5,4+*5*.<7+0-5 0* A<3.-D3 :4 ./365/0 ,6*, 540*.-/34, 6457-3*04, ,/3 0*, 5410*, :4 0* :4.-,-D3T Toma de decisión. 04,6*804.-7-436/+54.-,/:4<3*5410*:4+43:4:407/:/:4 *.6<*5:4<3,-,647*43<37/7436/:*:/ 0/+45*:/5:484*+543:4540.*7-3/ @<4 ,41<-5= 0* 7*3.C* :4 0<; .<*3:/ 7<4F* 0* +*0*3.* 43 <3* :-54..-D3 :46457-3*:* *5410*:4:4.-,-D34G+54,*436/3.4,40.<5,/+54,.5-6/:40**..-D3:46*07/:/ @<4,D0/+54F*04.4<3/:40/,:-,6-36/,54,<06*:/,+/,-804, *,5410*,:4:4.-,-D3 3/+<4:434G+54,*5,4,-47+54*8-456*74364430*A/57*:4,.5-6*C*,6**C/5* <4,65* :4,.5-+.-D3 :40 +5/.4,/ :4 0* 6/7* :4 :4 :4.-,-/34,? *<3@<4 3/ ./7+046/? ./36-434? ./3 6/:/? 0/, -3154:-4364, 4,43.-*04, ,- 0*, :4.-,-/34, C<7*3*, +*54.43 7=, 7-,645-/,*,? 7=, C<7*3*,T @<4 0*, 4G+0-.*:*, 4, ,/0*74364 +/5@<4 3/ ,4 C* 54*0-;*:/ :4 <3 7/:/ A/57*0 40 4,6*804.-7-436/ :4 0*,5410*, ,6=3 .0*5*, +<4, 0*, 540*.-/34, ./3 40 :-,4E/ :4 4@<-+/, > ,-,647*, / ,4 :484 +457-6-5 @<4 ,<5B*3 ,-6<*.-/34, 43 0*, @<4 4, +/,-804 7=, :4 <3* -3645+546*.-D3+45.4+6-F* 4843.54*5,40*,,4E*04,:454./3/.-7-436/:4<3* ?? ?
A/57*-3./3A<3:-804 484+5/.<5*5,4<3*8*,4*:4.<*:*+*5*406-+/:4B<-.-/, /F*0/5*.-/34,*54*0-;*5 4843:4A-3-5,44G+02.-6*743640*,5410*,:4:4.-,-D3 RENDIMIENTOS Y RESPUESTAS ÔUMANAS MOTORAS 4,+<9, :4 @<4 40 /+45*:/5 C* 54.-8-:/ > 40*8/5*:/ 0* -3A/57*.-D3? ,4 -3-.-* *01M36-+/:4*..-D3 0/+45*:/554,+/3:4 *,54,+<4,6*,:406-+/:4*..-/3*5 ./37<6*:/54,? 1-5*5 7*3-F40*,? 7/F45 +*0*3.*, > ,-7-0*54,? 54.-843 40 3/7854 :4 54,+<4,6*,7/6/5*,T ,646-+/:454,+<4,6*,54@<-4540**.6-F*.-D3:40/, 7-4785/,:40.<45+/15*.-*,*065*8*B/7<,.<0*5 01<3*, F4.4,? 0*, 54,+<4,6*, :4 -36459, +*5* 40 :-,4E*:/5 :40 ,-,647* ,/3 F458*04,>54*0-;*:*,+/540/+45*:/5*0./7<3-.*5,4./3/65/,:4365/:407-,7/ ,-,647* Estudio de las habilidades motoras. 3*15*3.*36-:*::40/,+5-745/,6-+/, :4 65*8*B/, 54*0-;*:/, 43 +,-./0/12* ,4 :4:-.D *0 4,6<:-/ :4 0*, C*8-0-:*:4, +,-./7/6/5*, * +*0*85* +,-./7/6/5T ,<1-454 @<4 *01M3 6-+/ :4 *.6-F-:*: ,<+45-/5 +54.4:4 * 0* 54,+<4,6* 7/6/5*? *<3@<4 ,4 65*64 ,/0*74364 :40 54./3/.-7-436/ :4 <3* ,-7+04 ,4E*0 -3-.-*:/5* :4 0* *..-D3 3 0/, +5-745/, 4,6<:-/,,4./3,65<>45/3*+*5*6/,:4<3/</65/6-+/>,44G*7-3/0**.6<*.-D3 :40/,-3:-F-: :4 0* -3143-452* +*5* 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 :&4 0*, C*8-0-:*:4, 7/6/5*, 4G-,643 40 4,6<:-/ A-,-/0D1-./ 43 40 @<4 0*, 4,65<.6<5*, :4 .<45+/:4-3F4,6-1*3./7/D51*3/,,4+*5*:/, Clasificación de los movimientos ± 4<3 7/:/:4,.5-+6-F/?0*, A/57*,:40* *.6-F-:*: 7<,.<0*5 @<4 ,/3 -7+/56*364, +*5* 40 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ :40 ,-,647* C/7854(7*@<-3*? ,/3 0*, ,-1<-4364, 3 +5-745 0<1*5? 43./365*7/, ./3 A54.<43.-*@<4407/F-7-436/8=,-./4,40+/,-.-/3*0,-7+04 34,647/F-7-436/ 40 .<45+/ ,4 65*,0*:* * <3* ,-6<*.-D3 4,+*.-*0 +*56-.<0*5 * /65* /, 15<+/, 7<,.<0*54, -3-.-*3 0* *..-D3 > 0/, 15<+/, 7<,.<0*54, ./365*5-/, :46-4343 40 7/F-7-436/ .<*3:/ ,4 C* *0.*3;*:/ 0* 3<4F* +/,-.-D3 43 40 4,+*.-/ 65/ 7/F-7-436/ :4 3*6<5*04;* ,-7-0*5 ,/3 0/, :4 643,-D3 > 0/, 8*02,6-./, 3 40 ?? ?
7/F-7-436/ :4 643,-D3 ,4 /80-1* *0 7-4785/ ./5+/5*0 * .*78-*5 :4 +/,-.-D3? +45/0*,4,65<.6<5*, 7<,.<0*54,./365*5-*,,4*.6-F*3 7-4365*,*@<40,454*0-;* *04, 7/F-7-436/, 6-4343 0<1*5 .<*3:/ A<45;*, F*5-*804, :4 .<*0@<-45 6-+/ *.6M*3,/84407-4785/./5+/5*0:<5*36440.<5,/:40**..-D3 FACTORES DE ÔABILIDAD MOTORA ÔUMANA 4 C* ./3,65<-:/ <3* *7+0-* F*5-4:*: :4 -3,65<7436/, +*5* 40 4,6<:-/ +,-./0D1-./ :4 0*, 54,+<4,6*, 7/6/5*,H 6/:/, 400/, +54643:43 74:-5 :46457-3*:/, *,+4.6/, :4 * ./3:<.6* C<7*3* @<4 +<:-45*3 ,45 -7+/56*364, +*5*40./365/0:40/,,-,647*,C/7854V7*@<-3* 01<3*,:44,6*,+5<48*,,/3 7<> ,-7+04,? /65*, ,/3 4G6547*:*74364 ./7+04B*, +<4,6/ @<4 4,6*, +5<48*, *<3@<4 *01/ 5<:-7436*5-*74364? ,4 ./3A/57*3 ./3 40 6-+/ :4 *.6-F-:*:4, :40 ,
M6-0 +*5* 0* :4,.5-+.-D3 :4 0* ./3:<.6* 7/6/5* Prueba de habilidad motora- 436540/,A*.6/54,54+54,436*:/, 43<315<+/:4 +5<48*, ,4 <6-0-;/ <3/ :43/7-3*:/ F40/.-:*: 7<E4.*(:4:/ /36-434 4,4 A*.6/5 0/, 64,6 :4 +<364*:/ 6*04, ./7/ 40 7/F45 <3 4,6-0464 C*.-* * :40*364 > C*.-**65=,,/854<3*+0*3.C*?/0/,64,6:4+<36452*:4+<36452*@<4 ./3,-,643 43 +<364*5 ./3 <3 0=+-; :4365/ :4 +4@<4E/, .25.<0/, /, 7/:40/, 8=,-./, :4 7/F-7-436/ 7<,.<0*5 ,/3 4,43.-*074364 :4 ,-7+04, 54+46-.-D3 / 7/F-7-436/, ,45-*:/,:40/,:4:/,/40*7<E4.* 443./365D@<44,64A*.6/554A04B*:*7*, 0* 5*+-:4; :4 7/F-7-436/, @<4 0* +/,-.-D3 .<-:*:/,* :40 4,6-0464 / 0*+-.45/ ,6/,>/65/,A*.6/54,?./7/406-47+/:454*..-D3>0*4,6*8-0-:*:?3/,*><:*3* 43643:4540543:-7-436/:40/+45*:/5C<7*3/ Medidas de la actuación motora ± 0/,7/F-7-436/,@<454*0-;*40/+45*:/5,/3 /8,45F*804, c/:47/, 74:-5 0* 4A4.6-F-:*: :4 F*5-*, 54,+<4,6*, 7/6/5*,? ./3,-1<-43:/ 0*, .*36-:*:4, @<4 54A04B43 0* F40/.-:*: > +54.-,-D3 :4 0/, 7/F-7-436/, ,6*, :46457-3*.-/34, ,/3 -7+/56*364, 43 ,- 7-,7*,? +/5@<4 4,6/, 543:-7-436/, C<7*3/, 0-7-6*3 40 543:-7-436/ :40 ,-,647* 4,645/ c/5 4B47+0/ ,/7/, .*+*,4, :4 +43,*5 7*, :4+5-,* @<4 4,.5-8-5 3<4,65*, -:4*, 43 <3*C/B*:4+*+40 Estudio del tiempo de reacción- 3/ :4 0/, 4,6<:-/, -3F4,6-1/ 40 6-47+/ :4 54*..-D3 :4 0/, /+45*:/54,? /80-1*:/, * 4A4.6<*5 <3 7/F-7-436/ ./554.6-F/ ,-7+04.<*3:/43.*78-/:44,6-7<0/./3,-,62*43<3:4,+0*;*7-436/54+436-3/ :4 0* 7*3.C* :4 0<; ,/854 <3* +*36*00* ,-7-0*5 * 0*, <6-0-;*:*, 43 40 5*:*5 0 6-47+/ :4 54*..-D3 A<4 4,43.-*0 74364 ./3,6*364? ,-3 3-31<3* 540*.-D3 ./3 40 15*:/:4:4,+0*;*7-436/ ?? ?
Los componentes del sistema- *, 74:-:*, :4 0* *.6<*.-D3 7/6/5* ,/3 -7+/56*364, +/5 /65/, 7/6-F/, 7*, @<4 40 ,-7+04 .*0.<0/ :40 543:-7-436/ :40 C/7854 ,-6-*:/ 43 40 ./365/0 c<4,6/ @<4 6*04, 74:-:*, 3/, ,<7-3-,65*3 0/, M3-./, 74:-/, +*5* /8,45F*5 0* ./3:<.6* :40 C/7854 4, *654F4, :4 ,<, 540*.-/34, ./3 0/, 4,627<0/,? ./7/ 3/,/65/, +/:47/, -3A45-5 @<4 0/, +5/.4,/, ./7/0*+45.4+.-D3?B<-.-/?:4.-,-D3>/65*,*.6-F-:*:4,+,2@<-.*,?4G-,643,41M3 3<4,65*,:4,.5-+.-/34, EL ANALISIS DE LOS SISTEMAS ÔOMBRE-MAQUINA <3@<440 .*7+/:40* +,-./0/12*43-3143-452*4,6/:*F2* B/F43 >*<3,44,6* 04B/, :4 54*0-;*5 <3* 4,+4.-A-.*.-D3 +54.-,* :4 0*, +5/+-4:*:4, -3143-45*, :40 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/? +/,447/, 0/, :*6/, ,
7/6/5*, :40 C/7854 +*5* -36436*5 0* 7*345* :4 *.45.*5,4*0:-,4E/:40<6-00*B4*:4.<*:/+*5*<,/C<7*3/ *, 54+54,436*.-/34, 7*647=6-.*, :4 0* /+45*.-D3 :40 ,-,647*? +<4:43 :*5 :*6/, +54.-,/, :4 0*, 540*.-/34, 4G-,64364, 43 40 -3645-/5 :40 7-,7/ *6<5*074364?+*5*/8643454,6*,4.<*.-/34,?:4843./3/.45,47/:/,:474:-5 0*, .*36-:*:4, F*5-*804, c/5 4B47+0/ 40 :46457-3*5 0* A<3.-D3 :4 65*3,A4543.-* :40,-,647* Principios generalizados para el diseño de sistemas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c*5*40/+45*:/5C<7*3/40 ./3.4+6/ :4 -1<*0*.-D3 ,4 /8,45F* 43 40 +5/8047* :4 4,./145 0*, :-54..-/34, *:4.<*:*,:47/F-7-436/+*5*0/,4047436/,:40:-,+0*>6*04,./7/-3:-.*:/54, > *+*5*6/, :4 ./365/0 * -:4* :4 ./7+*6-8-0-:*: :-,+0*>(54,+<4,6* 54./3/.4 0* -7+/56*3.-*:40*404..-D3*:4.<*:*:44,6*,540*.-/34, -3*074364? 40 :-,4E/ :4 ,-,647*, 4A4.6-F/, 54@<-454 0* *:*+6*.-D3 :4 0*, ./3,6*364, :4 6-47+/ :4 0/, ./7+/34364, 43 40 -3645-/5 :40 ,-,647* 3 40 .*7+/A2,-./0*,A<45;*,:4-345.-*>:4A5-..-D31/8-453*340 7/F-7-436/:40/, /8B46/, <3* 5<4:* +4,*:* 4, .*+*; :4 1-5*5? +45/ 47+-4;* * C*.450/ 7*, 0436*74364 @<4 <3* 0-145* @<2? 0*, ./3,6*364, :4 6-47+/ :45-F*3 :4 0*, +5/+-4:*:4, :4 0/, /8B46/, *78-93 40 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ 6-434 ./3,6*364, :4 ?? ?
6-47+/ LAS NUEVAS FUNCIONES DE LA PSICOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL /,+,-.D0/1/,430*-3:<,65-*?*<3@<4*743<:/,4/.<+*3:4<3**7+0-*1*7* :4+5/8047*,+45,/3*04,?C*3643:-:/**15<+*5,4434,+4.-*0-:*:4, c<4:43,45 4,+4.-*0-,6*, 43 ,41<5-:*: 43 +5<48*, :4 ,404..-D3? 43 *:-4,65*7-436/ / 43 -3143-452* C<7*3* , +/,-804 @<4 4G-,6* <3* :/.43*? / 7=,? :4 6*04, 4,+4.-*0-;*.-/34, 3 7<.C/, .*,/, 40 4,+4.-*0-,6* C* 54*0-;*:/ 745-6/5-*, *+/56*.-/34,*,<.*7+/:4/+45*.-/34, Expansión de los problemas psicológicos *C47/,4G+<4,6/ 7<.C/,:40/, +5/8047*,@<4./3,6-6<>434065*8*B/:40+,-.D0/1/-3:<,65-*0>C47/,F-,6/./7/ +<4:43,/0F436*5,4 *78-93C47/,-3:-.*:/,@<40*,=54*,+5/8047=6-.*,4,6=3 43 4G+*3,-D3? > C47/, ./7+5/8*:/ ./7/ *<7436* 0*, *+0-.*.-/34, :4 0* +,-./0/12* 43 0* -3:<,65-* *, ./3.546*74364 l<=04, ,/3 0* 3<4F*, A<3.-/34, :40 +,-.D0/1/ -3:<,65-*0 @<4 *C/5* ,4 4,6=3 +/3-43:/ :4 7*3-A-4,6/O 4345*074364? 40 +,-.D0/1/ -3:<,65-*0 *.6M* ./3 <3* +5/8047=6-.* +5/+-* @<4 @<4:* :4A-3-:* .<*3:/ ,< 47+54,*5-/ .544 @<4 ,4 +5/:<.4 *01<3* 4@<-F/.*.-D3 43 *01<3* +*564 :4 0/*, /+45*.-/34, :4 0* 47+54,* > ,/,+4.C* @<4? :4 *01M3 7/:/? :484 *7/34,6*5,4 * 0/, 65*8*B*:/54, /7/ >* ,*847/,? 0/, +5/8047*, ,/33<745/,/,4G.4,-F/,.4,4,0*8/5*04, 47*,-*:/,*..-:4364, 47*,-*:/, A*00/,,*0*5-*04,46. Investigación y desarrollo /, +,-.D0/1/, ,-47+54 ,4 C*3 :4:-.*:/ * 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 .6<*074364 ,4 4,6* ,<7*3:/ <3 3<4F/ A*.6/5 :46457-3*:/, +,-.D0/1/, ,4 43.<4365*3 A/57*3:/ +*564 :4 <3 4@<-+/ :4 :4,*55/00/ .*:* F4, 7*,? 0*, A<3.-/34, 7*, 3<4F*, :40 +,-.D0/1/ -3:<,65-*0 04 ,-6M*3 <3 :2* 43 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 > /65/ 43 40 :4,*55/00/ l<*04, ,/3 0*, :-A4543.-*, 43654 -3F4,6-1*.-D3>:4,*55/00/O *-3F4,6-1*.-D34,0**F45-1<*.-D3+*5*,*845 0:4:4,*55/00/./3,-,6443C*.45 *01/@<4+5/:<.4*01/ 7+4;*547/,3<4,65*4G+/,-.-D3./3<3*854F454F-,-D3 :4 0/ @<4 @<4547/, :4.-5 ./3 0* +*0*85* -3F4,6-1*.-D3? :4 A/57* @<4 +/:*7/, ./7+543:4574B/50*,3<4F*,A<3.-/34,:40+,-.D0/1/4340:4,*55/00/
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La investigación en la ciencia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n ejemplo de investigación de laboratorio. 3 +,-.D0/1/ /8,45F* 43 ,< 0*8/5*6/5-/./7/<3/,5*6/34,C*785-436/,,4*.45.*3,4*.45.*3*<3*.*B*./3 *0-7436/,0/,7*,*1-04,+*54.43./5545,-43:/ 7<>:-A2.-0./3,41<-5@<4C*1*3 5/:4/, 0 +,-.D0/1/ :4,4* ,*845 ,- 0*, +45,/3*, ,4 ./3:<.43 :4 0* 7-,7* 7*345* < :4,4/ 04 004F* * 0* 40*8/5*.-D3 :4 <3* C-+D64,-, ,6*804.4 4,6* C-+D64,-,.<*3:/:-.4W0/,,454,C<7*3/,,4*.45.*37*,<3/,*/65/,.<*3:/ ,4 C*0043 +5DG-7/, * <3* 746* 6*0 ./7/ 40*0-7436/? @<4 .<*3:/ 4,693 *04B*:/, :4400*,X 44,6*A/57*?7-:40*:-,6/.-*@<4C*>436540*,+45,/3*,@<44365*3* <3*.*A46452* /7+*5*0*,:-,6/.-*,43654400*,*00041*5*07/,65*:/5./30*,@<4 1<*5:*3 7465/, *364, 0 04.6/5 +<4:4 C*.45 +/5 ,< .<436* 4,6* 74:-:* 4G+45-7436*0 +*5* +5/8*5 0* C-+D64,-, :4 @<4? +/5 0/ 743/, 43 4,64 *,+4.6/? 0* +45,/3*,,4+*54.43*0/,*3-7*04,+5-7-6-F/, Un ejemplo de investigación aplicada. ./36-3<*.-D3 4G+/3:547/, <3 4G+45-7436/@<4,4:-5-14743/,*./3,41<-5<3*,456/14345*0@<4**F45-1<*5,- 40 /8B46/ / +5/.4,/ 4, ,<+45-/5? :4 *01M3 7/:/? *0 /8B46/ / +5/.4,/ 14345*074364?4,646-+/:44,6<:-/,4:43/7-3*-3F4,6-1*.-D3*+0-.*:*?*<3@<4* F4.4, 4, 7<> :-A2.-0 :-,6-31<-50/ :4 <3* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 :4 0*8/5*6/5-/ +/:47/, @<4545,*845,-4064,6+54:-.48<43/,F43:4:/54,74B/5@<44064,6 La naturaleza del desarrollo. /365*,6*3:/ ./3 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 0 :4,*55/00/ ./3:<.4 * 0/, /8B46/, > * 0/, +5/.4:-7-436/, c/5 4B47+0/? +/:47/, ,*845? * +*56-5 :4 <3*-3F4,6-1*.-D3 0/, +5-3.-+-/, :4 A<3.-/3*7-436/ :4 <3 *<6/7DF-0 ./3 6<58-3* :4 1*, / ./3 434512* 3<.04*5 ,6/ 3/ ,-13-A-.* @<4 4,647/, 43 ./3:-.-/34,:4./3,65<-5*<3*<6/7DF-0F-*8047/F-:/+/5<3*6<58-3*:41*,/+/5 0* 434512* 3<.04*5 0 :4,*55/00/ 4,6* 0-7-6*:/ +/5 :/, ./3,-:45*.-/34, ? ? ?
-7+/56*364,/,6/,>4A-.*.-*:40*,/+45*.-/34, 0:4,*55/00/./3,-,644364345 ./3/.-7-436/, > <6-0-;*50/, +*5* -3F436*5 /8B46/, / +5/.4:-7-436/, @<4 ,-5F*3 * <3/,+5/+D,-6/,+5=.6-./,>6431*3./7/:43/7-3*:/540A*.6/5:D0*5 Las variables en el desarrollo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sesoría de un proyecto de desarrollo. 0 -3F4,6-1*:/5 +5/A4,-/3*0 +<4:4 43.*51*5,4 :40 +*+40 647+/5*0 :4 *,4,/5 43 <3 +5/>4.6/ :4 :4,*55/00/H 43 4,6*, .-5.<3,6*3.-*,? 14345*074364 /A54.4 ,<, ./3,4B/,? +45/ 3/ ,4 -:436-A-.* ./3 <3 +5/>4.6/3-./3,<,./3,4.<43.-*,,/0/,4*55-4,1*<3*,41<3:*5465-8<.-D3?7*, @<4 ,< 47+04/ 43 <3* 47+54,* :47=,? +<4:4 ,-6<*5,4 43 <3 +*+40 7*, *3=0/1/*0:4.5-6-./@<4*0:4./0*8/5*:/554,+/3,*804 Combinaciones de investigación y desarrollo. , +/,-804 @<4 0* +45,/3* @<4 :-5-14 / ./3:<.4 <3* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 +/31* 43 +5*.6-.* 0/, ./3/.-7-436/, *,2 *:@<-5-:/,*+0-.=3:/0/*0:4,*55/00/. ,6*,A<3.-/34,+<4:4354<3-5,4 +/54B47+0/? .<*3:/? * 65*F9, :40 4,6<:-/ :4 0/, 54@<-,-6/, 0*8/5*04, :4 <3/, 74.=3-./,? ,4 -:4*3 <3/, +5-3.-+-/, / 6=.6-.*, 0/, .<*04, 0041*3 * C*.45 -3./5+/5*:/, * 0/, 796/:/,:4<3*:-4,65*7-436/4,+4.-*0
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PSICOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL COMO RESOLVENTE DE LOS PROBLEMAS <5*3640*51/6-47+/?40+,-.D0/1/-3:<,65-*0,4C*:4:-.*:/*<3+5/8047* *7+0-*:/4,+4.-A-./>Y/*<3/,+5/8047*,14345*04,?./7/6*78-93*01<3/, +,-.D0/1/,,4C*347+4;*:/*/.<+*:4*01<3/,+5/8047*,,-,647=6-.*0/, .<*04,0/,:4A-3-547/,*./36-3<*.-D3 Problemas aplicado específicos:40+5-74554@<-,-6/+*5*C*00*5<3+5/8047* *+0-.*:/4,/:4845=,45:4,.<85-50/,:*6/,@<4+457-6*3*0*+45,/3*@<4 +0*364*0*,-6<*.-D3?6/7*5<3*:4:-.-D3>:4:-.*5,4*<3**..-D3./3,65<.6-F*?43 14345*00*+5-745*46*+*./3,-,6443+5/8*50*F*0-:4,:40*,-6<*.-D3>40,41<3:/ +*,/,45-*43:46457-3*50*.*<,*:40*,-6<*.-D3?:4,+<9,F43:52*0*+*564:40* ,/0<.-D3:40+5/8047*?./7/+/:52*,<+/345,4?4043A/@<4:4<3*,/0<.-D3/:4 <3:4,*55/00/?+*5*<3*,-6<*.-D3+<4,6*:47*3-A-4,6/+/5<3*-3F4,6-1*.-D3 4,+4.-A-.*?6*78-93:48452*,454,+4.-A-./ Problema aplicados generales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roblemas sistemáticos: 4,6/, ,/3 :4 4,6*804.45? +43,*5 > 54,/0F45 +5/8047*, @<4 ,4 /5-1-3*3 43 7=, -3645540*.-/34, ./7+04B*,? 43654 4,6*, -3645540*.-/34, ,4 C*00*3 0*, :4 0/, /8B46/,? +5/.4,/, > ./7+/34364, C<7*3/, 3 4,6* +*564 40 +,-.D0/1/ 3/ 54,<40F4 +5/8047*, ./7/ 0/, >* F-,6/, *3645-/574364? *@<2 ,4 65*6* 43@<44,644,69:4:-.*:/**01/M6-0./7/4,6*5540*.-/3*:/./3+5/>4.6/,:40* 47+54,* EL SISTEMA GENERAL ? ? ?
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specialista en factores humanos: 40 +,-.D0/1/ +/5 ,<, F*5-*:/, +*+404, > ,< -36415*.-D3 43 40 4@<-+D +5/>4.6-,6*? +<4:4 -3.0<,/ .*78-*5 ,< 6-6<0/ +/5 40 :4 4,+4.-*0-,6*43A*.6/54,C<7*3/,?,<,:4.-,-/34,3/+<4:438*,*5,4M3-.*74364 43 0/ @<4 4, /+6-7/ +*5* 0/, ,454, C<7*3/, @<4 -3.0<>4 40 ,-,647*? :4843 *B<,6*5,4*0/@<44,8<43/3/,/0/+*5*400/,,-3/6*78-930*47+54,*14345*0 Requisitos y definición de sistema: <3 ,-,647* +<4:4 :4,.5-8-5,4 :4 7<.C*, 7*345*,? A/57*,? ,41M3 ,4* 40 +5/+D,-6/ @<4 :48* * ,45F-5 0* :4,.5-+.-D3 43 <3 ,436-:/ 7=, *7+0-/ * :4,.5-+.-D3 @<4 :48452* +457-6-5 <3* 0-8456*: 7=G-7* 43 0*,,-1<-4364,*06453*6-F*,?./7/6*78-930*,0-7-6*.-/34,>./3:-.-/34,A-B*:*,?0* +/,-804,/0<.-D3:48452*+457-6-5 &
0-8456*:+*5*,41<-50*,+/,-804,,/0<.-/34,4*+0-.*.-/34, 4,-7+/56*364+/,44543/5:430*+0*3-A-.*.-D3>40:-,4E/ -36415*50*,:4,45.-/34,43,-,647*,7=,*7+0-/, *./+0*50*,:4,45.-D3:40,-,647*./30*:40/,,-,647*,./554.6/,*40 0* :-A4543.-*.-D3 :4 0*, A<3.-/34, @<4 +<4:43 ,45 540*.-/3*:*, +/5 0/, ,454,C<7*3/,>0*@<4+<4:43,4554*0-;*:*,+/50*,7*@<-3*, 0*:46457-3*.-D3:4,-7-0-6<:4,>:4A4543.-*,54,+4.6/*/65/,,-,647*, ! .<*36-A-.*.-D3:4/+45*.-/34, 0 /8B46-F/ +5-3.-+*0 43 14345*0 :4 0* :4,.5-+.-D3 4, 7*364345 * 0* F-,6* 6/:* 0* -3A/57*.-D3 +456-34364? :4 A/57* ,-7<06=34* +*5* @<4 *,2 +<4:* 7*364345,4 0*, -:4*, *.436<*:*,? +/:47/, :4A-3-5 ./7/ <3 ,-,647* 14345*0 @<4 4, 0* /51*3-;*.-D3:4<315<+/:4C/7854>7*@<-3*5-*,
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FACTORES DE UN SISTEMA GENERAL /,A*.6/54,:4<3,-,647*./36-43437<.C*-3A/57*.-D3@<4+/.*,F4.4,+<4:4 /864345,46/:*4,6*-3A/57*.-D3:4<3*,/0*F4;?7*,8-430*-3A/57*.-D36-43:4* *.<7<0*5,4*74:-:*@<440,-,647*,4F*:-,4E*3:/ Propósitos, funciones, procesos, eslabón: 3<3,-,647*14345*04,6*,+*0*85*,0*,:-A45-52*7/,:40*,-1<-4364A/57* Î propósito: 4, 0/ @<4 40 ,-,647* :48452* ./3,41<-5? 4,6*804.-:/, 43 6957-3/,,43.-00/,14345*04, Î Funciones: +<4:43 54A45-5,4 *0 +5/+D,-6/ :40 ,-,647*? 0*, A<3.-/34, ,-47+54+<4:43:-F-:-5,443,<8,<3.-/34, Î Proceso: 4,64 F-434 :*:/ +/50* :4,.5-+.-D3 :4<3 .*78-/ 43<3* ,45-4 / ,<,6*3.-*? <,<*074364 43 40 ./364G6/ :40 -3,65<7436/ 4B4.<6*364 / 54,+/3,*804,:40.*78-/ Î Proceso-eslabón:,/3,4.<43.-*,:4.*78-/,>*.6-F-:*:4, Rendimientos, variables de criterio, tolerancia de criterios, gastos: Î Rendimiento:4,<3*-3A/57*.-D3?<37*645-*0/<3/8B46/@<4+*564:4<3 ,-,647*/:4<3/:4,<,./7+/34364, Î Una variable de criterio:4,<3A*.6/5:4<3543:-7-436/@<4-:436-A-.*<3* .*36-:*:/.*0-:*:F*5-*804+*5*@<4,4*./365/0*:* Î Una tolerancia de criterio:4,0*;/3*430*@<4+<4:43A0<.6<*50/,F*0/54, :4<3*F*5-*804:4.5-645-/?,-3:4B*5:47*364345<3543:-7-436/*.4+6*804 Î El gasto: 4, <3* A/57* :4 543:-7-436/? 40 1*,6/ +<4:4 74:-5,4 ./7/ 0* 540*.-D3:40/,./,6/,:40543:-7-436/-3M6-0./30/,:40543:-7-436/M6-0 Ambiente, entradas, contingencias, emergencias, ruido: Î Ambiente: 4, <3 ./3B<36/ :4 ./3:-.-/34, @<4 *A4.6*3 :4 A/57* 7*, / 743/, 14345*0 * 0* ,-6<*.-D3 :40 ,-,647*? 0*, ./3:-.-/34, *78-436*04, +<4:43 .*78-*5? *01<3/, .*78-/, ,/3 +5/154,-F/,? /65/, .2.0-./,? /65/, 5=+-:/,?/65/,0436/,?/65/,647+/5*04,4-36457-64364?46. Î Entrada:4,0/@<4-3154,*430*,+*564,/8B46-F*,:40,-,647*?<3*78-4364 4,<3*A/57*7<>14345*0:44365*:* Î Contingencia: 4, <3 *./364.-7-436/ 14345*074364 -7+54F-,6/ @<4 4G-14 :40 ,-,647* *01M3 6-+/ :4 /+45*.-/34, A<45* :4 0/ ./55-4364? 4,6* +<4:4 /5-1-3*5,443<3*./3:-.-D3*78-436*0 Î Emergencias: 4,6*, +<4:43 *./,*5 <3 ,-,647*? +/5 6*36/ C*> @<4 4,6*5 +54+*5*:/+*5**01<3*4F436<*0-:*:
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Î Ruido: .<*0@<-45 ,4E*0? /8B46/ / +5/.4,/ +456<58*:/5 / :4,*6-3*:/? 40 ./3.4+6/ :45-F*:/ 3/ ,/0/ -3.0<>4 0*, +456<58*.-/34, *<:-6-F*,? ,- 3/ 6*78-93.<*0@<-456-+/:4-7+4:-7436/430*,/+45*.-/34, ESRUCTURA DE UN SISTEMA GENERAL 48452* /8,45F*5,4 @<4 0/, A*.6/54, :4 <3 ,-,647* 14345*0 ./7/ 40 :4,.5-6/ *3645-/574364 ,4 4,65<.6<5* :4 7<.C*, A/57*,? 4,6* 4,65<.6<5* 4, -34F-6*804 43 .<*0@<-45+0*38*,*:/43./,*,?-:4*,>+5/.4:-7-436/,@<4-3645*.6M*343654,- 3* A/57* *+5/+-*:* :4 C*.45 4,6/ 4, 47+4;*5 +/5 0/ 14345*0? :4,+<9, ./3 0/ +*56-.<0*5>C*,6*65*;*5<3.-.0/62+-./:40,-,647*:4,:440+5-3.-+-/C*,6*40A-3 0 +5/:<.6/ A-3*0 ,45= <3 +0*3/ :4 0/, ,-,647*, @<4 +<4:43 <,*5,4 ./7/ <3 :/.<7436/:4+0*3-A-.*.-D3?4,6/*><:*5**54./5:*50*,./,*,@<4,4540*.-/343 43654,->*F*0/5*50*,./3,4.<43.-*,:4.<*0@<-45:4,*55/00/ 0+0*3/:40,-,647* +<4:43/,45+54+*5*:/+/5<3+,-.D0/1/?0/.-456/4,@<43/+<4:4,4540*8/5*:/ +/5<3C/7854,/0/ LOS ANÁLISIS DE TAREAS 0*3=0-,-,:4<3*6*54*4,<3+5/.4:-7-436/+*5*:4A-3-5436957-3/,4,+4.2A-./,0/ @<4:484C*.4540/+45*:/5C<7*3/?437<.C/,*,+4.6/,?4,./7/<37*3<*0:4 -3,65<..-/34, 7<> ./7+046/ 3* 540*.-D3 :4 54@<-,-6/, 0*8/5*04, 4, 0* 4,+-3* :/5,*0:4.<*0@<-4565*8*B/540*.-/3*:/./3A*.6/54,C<7*3/, Errores en los análisis:*054*0-;*50*,:4,.5-+.-/34,>*3=0-,-,:40/,47+04/,> 6*54*,? +<4:43 +5/:<.-5,4 F*5-/, 455/54, :4 -7+/56*3.-* 3/ :4 400/, ,/3 0/, *,456/,,/8544065*8*B/43.<4,6-D3?<3,41<3:/455/54,40-3F45,/*0*3645-/5@<4 +<4:4 +*54.45 <3* 6*54* :46457-3*:*? <3 645.45 455/5 3*.4 :4 +54,6*504 :47*,-*:**643.-D3*0*,./4:-.-/34,3/57*04,>3/A-B*5,443/65*,,-6<*.-/34,? 40 .<*56/ 455/5 4, 40 /+<4,6/ *0 645.45/ ./3,-,64 43 ,/8544,6-7*5 0* ,-6<*.-D3 /.*,-/3*0@<4+<4:4+5/:<.-5,443<3*6*54* -+/, :4 6*54*, 3/ 4G-,64 3-31M3 4,@<47* :4 .0*,-A-.*.-D3 +/5 40 @<4 +<4:* :-,6-31<-5,4*8,/0<6*74364<3*6*54*:4/65*436957-3/,+,-./0D1-./, Tarea de rastreo:4,*@<400*430*@<4,454*0-;*3./36-3<*,*:*+6*.-/34,*<3* ,4E*0 @<4 .*78-* ,-3 -36455<+.-D3? 7<.C*, /+45*.-/34, :4 6/53/ 6-4343 ./7+/34364,:45*,654/ Tareas de procedimiento: ,/3 *@<400*, @<4 ,4 54*0-;*3 +/5 <3* ,<.4,-D3 :4 46*+*, c<4:43 :-F-:-5,4 43 <3-:*:4, :4 *..-D3 ,4+*5*:*, ./7/ 0* 7*>/52* :4 65*8*B/ @<4 64347/, * :-*5-/ * -7+/56*3.-* :4 C*.45 <3* .0*,-A-.*.-D3 :4 0*, ? ? ?
6*54*, 54,-:4 43 @<4 0*, :-,6-36*, *+6-6<:4, +<4:43 /5-436*5 0* ,404..-D3 :4 +45,/3*0>+457-6434,6*804.450*,./3:-.-/34,:4*:-4,65*7-436/ Descripción de una tarea:4,0*4G+54,-D3:40*,,<14,6-/34,/,4E*04,@<4,/3 0/, 4,627<0/, :4 <3* *..-D3 54@<45-:* @<4 3/ 4, ,- 3/ 40 65*8*B/ @<4 :484 C*.45,4 Análisis de ciclos laborales: 4,64 +5/.4:-7-436/ 4,6* :-5-1-:/ * ./7+046*5 0* :4,.5-+.-D3:4<3*6*54* VARIABLES DE UN SUBSISTEMA 0,-1<-43644,@<47*./36-4340*,F*5-*804,@<4A/57*3<3,<8,-,647*+45,/3*0 -,4E/:4<3*/.<+*.-D340:-,4E/:4<3*/.<+*.-D36-434<3,-13-A-.*:/+5=.6-./ .<*3:/ 4G-,643 :/, / 7=, +45,/3*, -3645*.6<*3:/ *, ./3:-.-/34, 7=, -7+/56*364,:40:-,4E/:4<3*/.<+*.-D3,/3 15*:/:4A54.<43.-*:40*6*54* ,-6<*.-D3A2,-.*<3*+45,/3*+<4:44,6*543,-6-/*0*F4;>54@<-454.-456/ 6-47+/+*5*7/F45,4:4<30<1*5*/65/ & 7*3643-7-436/ :4 0* /.<+*.-D3 <3* 6*54* :4845= 7*364345 5*;/3*80474364/.<+*:/*<3*+45,/3**0/0*51/:40+45-/:/0*8/5*0 ./3/.-7-436/, > C*8-0-:*:4, ./7<34, 43 14345*0? 0*, 6*54*, *,-13*:*, * <3+<4,6/:465*8*B/:48452*3,45+,-./0D1-.*74364C/7/1934*, ./7+*6-8-0-:*: ./30*, 4,65<.6<5*, 0*8/5*04,4G-,64364, 4,6/*><:*5* *0*, +45,/3*,@<4+*,*3:4<3,-,647**<3/3<4F/ .*51/,:47*3:/-364574:-/4,6/,.*51/,54@<-4543<3**643.-D34,+4.-*0 ><3*,C*8-0-:*:4,./7+046*74364:-A454364,:40*,*+6-6<:4,69.3-.*, ! /+/56<3-:*: +*5* +5/154,*5 40 +0*34*7-436/ :4 4,65<.6<5*, +5/A4,-/3*04, 43<3,-,647*:4843-3.0<-50/,-3.436-F/,*:4.<*:/, ' A*.6/54, 4,+4.-*04, 4G-,6-52*3 .*,/, 43 0/, @<4 @<-;= 0*, ./3:-.-/34, *3645-/54,:48*3,45F-/0*:*, Criterio de eficiencia:4364/52*,/364,6:454*0-;*.-D3:40*,6*54*,*.6<*04, Adiestramiento: :48452* ./3,-,6-5 43 <3*, 4G+45-43.-*, @<4 +5/+/5.-/3*5*3 40 .*7-3/7=,4./3D7-./43654404,6*:/:403/F-.-/43<3*6*54*>0**:@<-,-.-D3:4 <3/,.5-645-/,:44A-.-43.-*:40*7-,7* Selección de personal: 0/, 54@<-,-6/, :4 <3 47+04/ > :4 <3* 6*54* :48452*3 47+04*5,4 43 -:4*5 +5/.4:-7-436/, +*5* 0* ,404..-D3 :4 +45,/3*0 ,6/, :*6/, 4F-6*52*3 0/, C*8-6<*04, 455/54, :4 +54:-..-D3 @<4 ,4 +5/:<.43 43 0* 7*>/52* :4 0/,64,6:4,404..-D3 ? ? ?
Ingeniería humana: 4,6* =54* 0*8/5*0 ,4 540*.-/3* ./3 0* *,-,643.-* 0*8/5*0? 40 +0*34*7-436/:4796/:/,>0*4G6547*:*74364-7+/56*3646*54*:4:46457-3*50*, A<3.-/34,:4<3,-,647*:46457-3*:/ -,647*, > 64,6 :4 +5/:<..-D30/, +,-.D0/1/, .*:* F4; 7=, 4,6=3 :4,*55/00*3:/ <3*,69.3-.*,./7+04B*,./340A-3:4+5/8*50/,,-,647*,C/7854(7*@<-3* Registro de datos: /65* 6*54* 43 0* @<4 +<4:4 ./0*8/5*5 40 +,-.D0/1/ 4, 0* 54./1-:*4-3645+546*.-D3:40/,:*6/,@<4+5/+/5.-/3*40,-,647*<3*F4;+<4,6* 437*5.C* CINCO FUNCIONES DEL PSICÓLOGO INDUSTRIAL /7/3/,+/:47/,:*5.<436*40+*+40:40+,-.D0/1/-3:<,65-*04,<36*36//7<> ./7+04B* +45/ 4,64 :484 :4:-.*5,4 * 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3? 43 0* .<*0 :4,47+4E* <3 +*+40 .5-6-./? /65/ +*+40 ,45-* 40 :4 ,/0<.-/3*:/5 :4 +5/8047*,? +*5* 4,6*804.45 <3*, ,/0<.-/34, :4 *+0-.*.-D3 ./3.546*? +<4:4 *8/5:*5 +5/8047*, 7<> 4,+4.2A-./,430*,-6<*.-D30*8/5*0?,-,4:4:-.**04,6<:-/:40,-,647*643:5=@<4 54,/0F45 0/, +5/8047*, :40 +45,/3*0 ./7/ <3* 3/57* 3 .<*36/ 7*>/5 ,4* 40 ./3/.-7-436/ :40 +,-.D0/1/ 0*, ./,*, ,4 04 C*5=3 7=, A=.-04, 43 .<*36/ * 0* ,/0<.-D3 :4 +5/8047*, 43 .<*36/ * 0*, 540*.-/34, :4 +45,/3*0 > 0*, 540*.-/34, 0*8/5*04,
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CONCLUCION *+,-./0/12*:40*-3143-452*./7/6*03/,*><:**./7+543:4540A<3.-/3*7-436/ :40*,7*@<-3*,*+*56-5:40*.54*.-D3:44,6*+/540C/7854:/3:440-3143-45/ +5/>4.6*:-,4E*>54*0-;*4,65<.6<5*,>*+*5*6/,M6-04,+*5*40C/7854+/5 ./3,-1<-436443./365*7/,F436*3-00*,7*34B*:*,+/540./365/0*:-,6*3.-*?7*>/5 ,41<5-:*:430*:-54..-D3-3>4.6/54,*<6/7=6-./,:4./78<,6-804,.*:*:2*<3 7*>/53M745/:44,6/,F40/.4,/8B46/,+*5*.C/.*5430*,*<6/+-,6*, 5*.-*,*4,6*,,4C*3.54*:/7*@<-3*,+*5*40:4,*55/00/C<7*3/A*.-0-6*3:/40 65*8*B/:4400/,
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ANEXOS
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GLOSARIO Asertos: *A-57*5?*,41<5*5?*,4F45*5 Fluctuar: G+45-7436*5*01/<3*F*5-*.-D3:4F*0/5/74:-:* Acoplar: <3-543654,-:/,+-,*,:47/:/@<4*B<,6434G*.6*74364
B<,6*5<3*+-4;**0,-6-/:/3:4:48*./0/.*5,4
Conexos: *+0-.*,4*0*./,*@<44,6*430*;*:*/540*.-/3*:*./3/65* Torno: 7*@<-3*,-7+04@<4./3,-,6443<3.-0-3:5/:-,+<4,6/+*5*1-5*5*054:4:/5 :4 <3 4B4 G? 0* *..-/3 :4 0*, +*0*3.*,? .-1<4E*, / 5<4:*, > @<4 /5:-3*5-*74364 *.6<* ,/854 0* 54,-,643.-* +/5 74:-/ :4 <3* .<45:* @<4 ,4 F* 4355/00*3:/ *0 .-0-3:5/ Codificacion:? 4 00*7* ./:-A-.*.-D3 * 0* 65*3,A/57*.-D3 :4 0* A/57<0*.-D3 :4 <3 743,*B4*65*F9,:40*,5410*,/3/57*,:4<3.D:-1//0431<*B4+54:46457-3*:/ Estilete:?/4,6-0/4,<3-3,65<7436/:44,.5-6<5* 06957-3/,447+04*6*78-93 +*5*:4,-13*5<3*..4,/5-/:4./7+<6*:/5*,?4,6-0/+4@<4E/? Premiso: .*:*<3*:40*,:/,+5-745*,+5/+/,-.-/34,:40,-0/1-,7/?:4:/3:4,4 -3A-454>,*.*0*./3.0<,-/3
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BIBLIOGRAFIA 1. +,-./0/1-*-3:<,65-*0?/3*0045-0745 á. C66+YYJJJ ./3:<.6-60*3 346Y,47-3*5-/,Y+,-./0/1-*Z-3:<,65-*0 +:A
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INTRODUCCION *+,-./0/12*-3143-452*/6*78-9300*7*:*+,-./0/12*/51*3-;*.-/3*04,6<:-*40 ./7+/56*7-436/:4365/:40=78-6/:40/,341/.-/,>:40*-3:<,65-*?>*@<44,6*,4 43.*51*:40./7+/56*7-436/:4365/>A<45*:4<3*47+54,*./7/0/,/30/, 65*8*B*:/54,>0/,./3,<7-:/54,
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OBJETIVO GENERAL *+*.-6*53/, > *:@<-5-5 ./3/.-7-436/, 43 .<*36/ *0 :4,*55/00/ > C*8-0-:*:4, 7/6/5*, :40 C/7854 A54364 * <3* 7*@<-3* :4 /+45*.-D3 74.=3-.*? +*5* /864345 <38<43:4,47+4E/434065*3,.<5,/:40+5/15*7**.*:97-./.<5,*:/>3/,,-5F* :44G+45-43.-*./7/A<6<5/,-3143-45/,+5/A4,-/3*04, OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS Î ,6<:-*50*540*.-D34G-,6436443654C/7854(7=@<-3* Î /3/.4543@<45/0,4:4,43F<40F440+,-.D0/1/-3143-45/43<3*47+54,* Î ,6<:-*5 :46*00*:*74364 0*, A<3.-/34, > :4.-,-/34, @<4 <3 +,-.D0/1/ -3143-45/:4,47+4E*43.<*0@<-45C=8-6/47+54,*5-*04-3:<,65-*0 Î /3/.45 0*, 54,+<4,6*, 7/6/5*, :4 <3 /+45*:/5 A54364 * <3* *..-D3 4B45.-:*+/5<3*7*@<-3*/+45*:* Î /365/0*5 :4 0* 74B/5 7*345* +/,-804 0*, :-A454364, ,-6<*.-/34, @<4 ,4 +<4:*3+54,436*5*364<3./365/0*:/5/7*@<-3* Î :@<-5-5<374B/5:4,47+4E/0*8/5*04340A<6<5/:4365/:447+54,* Î :@<-5-5 C*8-0-:*:4, 64D5-.* +*5* <3 74B/5 A<3.-/3*7-436/ > <3* 7*>/5 +5/:<..-D3430*434065*8*B/ Î /3/.45 0*, 64/52*, @<4 5-143 0*, 69.3-.*, +*5* 4B4.<6*5 4047436/, 7/F-804,>A-B/,./37*>/5A*.-0-:*:>+54.-,-D3
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JUSTIFICACION *+,-./0/12*430*-3143-452*65*6*0/,+5/8047*:40*7*@<-3*+5/>4.6*:*+*5*<3 C<,/ C<7*3/ /+6-7/ <3* 15*3 .*36-:*: :4 +5/8047*, 0*8/5*04, 4,6= ./3,6-6<-:* +/5 0*, 540*.-/34, 43654 40 C/7854 > 0*, 7*@<-3*, @<4 ,4 <6-0-;*3 +*5* 0* 54*0-;*.-D3:4065*8*B/+<4,6/@<440<06-7/<,<*5-/:44,6/,*+*5*6/,4,40C/7854 7-,7/:484./3,-:45*5,443,<./3,65<..-D30*,.*5*.6452,6-.*,C<7*3*, 4 7/:/ ,-7-0*5 3<4,65*, 7*@<-3*, 7=, ./7+04B*, 54+54,436*3 <3* ./3,4.<43.-* :-54.6* :4 0*, 34.4,-:*:4, C<7*3*, @<-;=, 7=, -7+/56*364 40 C4.C/ :4 @<4 0*, 7-,7*, 7*@<-3*, C*3 .54*:/ 3<4F*, 34.4,-:*:4, @<4 * 743<:/,/0/+<4:43,45,*6-,A4.C*,+/50*-3F43.-D3:4/65*,3<4F*,
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ÔISTORIA Y DESARROLLO DEL CAMPO ,:47*,-*:/:-A2.-0A-B*5<3*A4.C*+*5*0*A<3:*.-D3:4.<*0@<-45:-,.-+0-3*H,-3 478*51/"&L /7/*<6/5?<3,6458451643:2**,45743/,*154,-F/> :-54.6/@<4 ./6643,<796/:/+*5**+0-.*50*+,-./0/12**0/,341/.-/, <0-85/? @<4,-5F-D./7/7/:40/+*5*40:4,*55/00/:40*+,-./0/12*-3:<,65-*0?-3.0<>4647*, ./7/40*+543:-;*B4?40*B<,64*0*,./3:-.-/34,A2,-.*,?0*4./3/72*:4 7/F-7-436/,?0*7/3/6/32*?0*A*6-1*?0*./7+5*>0*F436* <.C/:40/,+5-3.-+*04,.*7+/,:4:4,*55/00/+,-./0D1-./:40*+/,1<455*?6*04, ./7/0*,+5<48*,:415<+/,?0*,+5<48*,+5/A4,-/3*04,?0*,4,.*0*,:4.*0-A-.*.-D3 > 40 -3F436*5-/ :4 +45,/3*0-:*: 6
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c,>.C/0/1-.*0/5+/5*6-D3"L?0* /.-46>/A 31-3445-31c,>.C/0/1-,6,<3*:-F-,-D3:40*cK -F-,-D3L >0* -F-,-D3:4/7+/56*7-436/:40/,/3,<7-:/54, 4,:4 0* 41<3:* <455* <3:-*0 ,4 C*3 .54*:/ /65*, /51*3-;*.-/34, -7+/56*364,?+*5*+54,436*5*F*5-/,,<815<+/,:4-36459,?:4365/:40*+,-./0/12* *+0-.*:* *,:/, 7=,3/6*804,,/30*<7*3*.6/5, /.-46>>0* 51/3/7-., /.-46> *+5-745*4,<315<+/3/564*745-.*3/+*5*+,-.D0/1/,*+0-.*:/,@<4,4 -36454,*3+/50/,+5/8047*,:40*-3143-452*C<7*3* 51/3/7-.,4,6*>0*..<+*6-/3*0c,>.C/0/1>,/30*,:/,54F-,6*,85-6=3-.*,7=, -7+/56*364 7=, -7+/56*364, :40*, :4:-.*:*, *0*,-3F4,6-1*.-/34,:4 +,-./0/12* *+0-.*:*
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LA PSICOLOGÍA EN LA INGENIERIA ,6* +54643:4 65*6*5 0/, +5/8047*, :4 0* 7=@<-3* +5/>4.6*:* +*5* <3 <,/ C<7*3//+6-7/C*:4,8/5:*:/*0*+5/+-*-3143-452*+*5*<,/C<7*3//+6-7/>* 0*+,-./0/12*4G+45-7436*0 c<4,6/@<4*C/5*>*4,6*7/,A*7-0-*5-;*:/, La tarea del ingeniero /3,-,6443+5/>4.6*5?:-,4E*5>54*0-;*54,65<.6<5*,>* +*5*5 0/, M6-04, +*5* C/7854 +0-.* ,< ./3/.-7-436/ :4 0*, +5/+-4:*:4, 74.=3-.*,? 409.65-.*, > @<27-.*, > /65*, :4 0* 7*645-* * 0* 7-,-D3 :4 .54*5 6/:* .0*,4 :4 *+*5*6/, A<3.-/3*04, 6*04, ./7/ -7+45:-804, > *<6/7DF-04, 5*6/345*, > ./C464,:-5-1-:/, 0:4,1*,647<,.<0*5C<7*3/:-/0<1*5*0*34.4,-:*:>/80-1/ *0 -3F436/ :4 *+*5*6/, 6*04, ./7/ 0* +*0*3.* apolea? 40 6/53-00/ > 6/:* .0*,4 :4 <643,-0-/, 0C/7854>*3/4,6=./36436/./30*F40/.-:*::40/,*36-1 7=, ./3A/56*80474364 /3 0* -365/:<..-D3 :4 A<4364, :4 434512* -3:4+43:-4364,? ,4 5/7+-D 40 4,0*8D3 ,-7+04 > :-54.6/ @<4 <32* *0 C/7854 ./3 0* 7=@<-3*? ./3 7<.C* A54.<43.-* ./3/.47/,,/0/:4<37/:/-3:-54.6/?0*3*6<5*04;*:4074:-/@<43/,5/:4* 0 -3143-45/ :484 .54*5 0/, 74:-/, +*5* +5/.<5*5 * 4,6*, 14364, 0* -3A/57*.-D3 34.4,*5-*+*5*<3./365/0,41<5/>4A4.6-F/:40F4C2.<0/ EL PROBLEMA DE LA AUTOMACIÓN COMPLETA * *<6/7*.-D3 +<4:4 ,45 ./7+046* 43 .-456/, -3,65<7436/, 4,+4.-*0-;*:/, 4 -3.0<,/43,-,647*,7=,40*8/5*:/, 3+/././3,6*364>5*;/3*804?6*0./7/40 4B47+0/ :*:/ +/5 0* 7/:453* +5/:<..-D3 :40 +465D04/ +<4:4 004F*5,4 * .*8/ 43 A*.6/52*, .*,- 6/6*074364 *<6/7=6-.*,? +45/ *<3 *@<2 43./365*7/, * <3/, +/./, /+45*5-/, F-1-0*3:/ 0/, ./7+04B/, .<*:5/, :4 7*3:/H ./7+5/8=3:/0/, > 4,6*3:/ :-,+<4,6/, * 54,+/3:45 * 0*, ,4E*04, *<6/7=6-.*, :4 *0*57*, -3:-.*:/5*, :4 0* *+*5-.-D3:4:-A-.<06*:4,@<40*,7=@<-3*,+/5,-7-,7*,3/+<4:43,/0F436*5 Máquinas y s *, 7=@<-3*, +/5 ,2 7-,7*, 3/ +<4:43 ,/0F436*5 4 -365/:<.-5,4 430/, ,-,647*, 0/,74:-/,*:4.<*:/,+*5*54,/0F450*, 34,64,436-:/,4*7+0-*407*5./:40*, ./3:-.-/34,*78-436*04,./30*,@<40*7=@<-3*+<4:4./7+46-53/,-3478*51/? ,-3 @<4 ,< ./,6/ *<74364 4847/, +*1*5 +/5 0*, +-4;*, 43 ,-? +/5 40 4,+*.-/ @<4/.<+*3>+/50*.54.-4364./7+04B-:*::40,-,647*>*@<40*,+-4;*,:4843,45 ?? ?
-36415*:*, 43 0* 4,65<.6<5* 14345*0 <*3:/ .*78-*3 0*, 34.4,-:*:4,? ,4 54@<-45433<4F*,A<3.-/34,:40*,7=@<-3*,0*./7+04B-:*:0-7-6*40:4,*55/00/:4 0* *<6/7*.-D3 ./7+046*? .*:* <3* :4 0*, +*564, :4 +*5*:*, @<4 -3A0<43.-*3 0* ./3:<.6*:40,-,647*./7+04B/?:484+/:45,474:-5>,
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NATURALEZA DE LOS SISTEMAS ÔOMBRE MÁQUINA l%<94,<3,-,647*O ,0*-:4*8=,-.*@<43/,+457-64./0/.*5*0C/7854>*0* 7=@<-3*436957-3/,-1<*04, *3*6<5*04;*:40,-,647*F-434:46457-3*:*+/540 7/:/:4*.6<*5:40*,:-,6-36*,+*564,43654,- La cadena abierta: 0 ,-,647* :4 ./365/0 -36415*:/ +/5 0* A/6/.90<0* > 40 4@<-+/ 404.65D3-./*:-.-/3*0?+5/:<.4<3.*78-/4340543:-7-436/@<4:4+43:4*,<F4;? :4<3.*78-/43404,6-7<0/<3*F4;-3*.6-F*:/40./37<6*:/5?>*3/04-3A0<43.-*3 0/,+/,645-/54,.*78-/,43404,6-7<0/?4,6*4,0*.*:43**8-456*,-7+04 La cadena cerrada: 0 54,<06*:/ 4, <3* 7*>/5 +5/:<..-D3 :4 .*0/5 43 0* C*8-6*.-D3 l4,6/ 4, 6*78-93 <3* .*:43* *8-456*O / +/5@<4 0* .*36-:*: :4 +5/:<..-D3 *.6M* ,/854 40 4047436/ 4,6-7<0/? 4, .*5*.6452,6-./ :4 0* .*:43* .455*:*@<4*08*B*50*+5/:<..-D3/+*564:4400*,47/:-A-@<4*,27-,7* ESPECIFICACIONES EN EL CONTROL *+*0*85*./365/0,4,-13-A-.*7*364345./3,6*364*01<3*.*36-:*:4,+4.2A-.* 3 40+5-745.*,/:4,4*7/,7*3643450*,./3:-.-/34,:4-0<7-3*.-D3>4340,41<3:/ * 3-F40 :4 647+45*6<5* /, ,-,647*, :4 .*:43* *8-456* :4 54*0-7436*.-D3? ,/3 34.4,*5-*743640-7-6*:/,43,<.*7+/:4*..-D3+*5*65-<3A*5./3F43-436474364 :4843.*0-85*5,48*B/<315<+/4,+4.-*0:4./3:-.-/34, /,*+*5*6/,:44,646-+/ ,<7-3-,65*3 <3 ./365/0 7=, +54.-,/ ,/854 4,627<0/, :4 *7+0-* 1*7* :4 F*0/54, /36/:/3/4,A=.-0:-,4E*5<3-3,65<7436/@<4*0.*3.46*0+54.-,-D3 4 54A-454 * <3* ,-7+04 A<3.-D3 :4 ./365/0 ./3.546*74364 0* @<4 541<0* 0* F40/.-:*::40*+*5*6/ c/:47/,./3,-:45*5*0+-0/6/?40/+45*:/5C<7*3/7-,7/? /.<+*3:/407=G-7/3-F404340,-,647*:4./365/0,4+54,<74@<4+/,446*78-93 4047436/, :4 4,6-7<0/ :4 ./365/0 > :4 543:-7-436/? +45/ +/5 40 7/7436/ :4B97/,04*90,/0/ ,-7+/56*364@<43/,:47/,.<436*:4@<44,6*:4,.5-+.-D33/,/0/4,+/,-804 .<*3:/ ,4 :4A-34 <3 3-F40 +*56-.<0*5 +/5 4B47+0/? ,4 -3:-.* <3 3<4F/ 15<+/ :4 4,627<0/, > 543:-7-436/, 43 40 7=, *06/ 3-F40 :4 4,64 3<4F/ 15<+/? 40 :-,+0*>? 40 /+45*:/5C<7*3/,>40*+*5*6/:4./365/0?,465*3,A/57*34340,-,647*:4./365/0 @<4 54.-84 0* -3A/57*.-D3? 0* 40*8/5* > :* 0<1*5 * <3 543:-7-436/ 43 <3* A/57* *01/:-,6-36*
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LA CONDUCTA DEL OPERADOR ÔUMANO 0C/7854+/5*3*0/12*,404./3,-:45*./7/<3,-,647*:44,646-+/ 4 0* -3A/57*.-D3 * 0* *..-D3 40 +5-745 *.6/ :4 <3 C/7854 @<4 ./365/0* <3 ,-,647*? 4, 54.-8-5 -3A/57*.-D3? ,41<-:*74364 40 C/7854 :4.-:4 0/ @<4 :484 C*.45?4,:4.-5?+-43,* <3430**.6<*0-:*: ,6* *.6<*0-:*: :4 ./365/0 C* ,-:/ 4,6<:-*:* 4G643,*74364 43 +,-./0/12* > ,4 04 C* -:436-A-.*:/ * 0/, +5/.4,/, 7436*04, ,<+45-/54, 6*04, ./7/ 40 +43,*5? 40 ,/0<.-/3*5+5/8047*,?40./3/.45405*;/3*5>:47=,A<3.-/34,+*54.-:*, LOCALIZACIÓN: 3 /8B46-F/ >* 7<> 4,6<:-*3:/ @<4 *+*54.4 * 7<06-6<: :4 +5/8047*, :-A454364, 4, 40 :4 0* 0/.*0-;*.-D3 :4 <3 80*3./ 43 7/F-7-436/ 4,6/ /80-1* * 7*364345 * <3 F*0/5 ./3,6*364 0* :-,.54+*3.-* 43654 40 80*3./ > <3 -3:-.*:/5:4*01M36-+/@<454A04B*0*,-6<*.-D34,+4.-*0:40/8B46/*0/.*0-;*5 < 7/F-7-436/ 54+54,436* 40 :40 80*3./ * 65*F9, :40 4,+*.-/ 0 -3:-.*:/5 / .<5,/5 +<4:4 4,6*5 ./3,6-6<-:/ +/5 <3 +4@<4E/ .-5.<0/ -0<7-3*:/ 0* 6*54* :40 /+45*:/5 ./3,-,64 43 7*3-+<0*5 <3* +*0*3.* :4 ./365/0 :4 6*0 7/:/ @<4 40 80*3./ ,4 7*36431*:4365/:40.-5.<0/ PERSECUCIÓN Y LOCALIZACIÓN COMPENSADORA: 484 3/6*5,4 @<4 0* :-A4543.-*436540/,:/,6-+/,:40/.*0-;*.-D3:4.-:4430*A/57*:4+54,436*5,40* -3A/57*.-D3 3 0* 0/.*0-;*.-D3 +/5 +45,4.<.-D3? 40 /+45*:/5 +<4:4 /8,45F*5 0* 65*>4.6/5-*:4080*3./ 30*0/.*0-;*.-D3./7+43,*:/5*?0*65*>4.6/5-*:4080*3./ 3/4,6*6*3.0*5*74364:4A-3-:*43,<0<1*5?0/@<440/+45*:/5F44,4054,<06*:/ :4080*3./>:40/,4A4.6/,./554.6-F/,/*./+0*:/54,+5/:<.-:/,+/504./365/0 CORRECCIONES: 4345*074364? 43 0*, +5-745*, 46*+*, 0* .*+*.-:*: +*5* 54*0-;*5 0*, ./554..-/34, 4, 4,*? 004F* 7=, 6-47+/ *0 /+45*:/5 *0 :464.6*5 0* :-,.54+*3.-*40:4.-:-543@<4:-54..-D3>./7/:4847/F45,40*+*0*3.*?-3.0<,/ 7/F450*?@<44,0/@<4,454@<-454:4,+<9,:4<3*+5=.6-.*./3,-:45*804 G-,6430*643:43.-**C*.45<37/F-7-436/./34.6-F/+/54G.4,//+/54A4.6/?:4 6*0 7/:/ @<4 40 54,<06*:/ 4, +/854? ./365*5-*74364 * 0* @<4 /.<55-5= ,- 0/, 7/F-7-436/, A<45*3 ,<*F4, > ,41<-:/, .*:* -36436/ 54+54,436* 7=, 43 65*;/ :< ./3:<.6*@<4<3*./55-4364./36-3<* TRANSDUCCIÓN: 3* ,41<3:* .*5*.6452,6-.* :4 0* ./3:<.6* 14345*0 :40 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ 4, 0* :4 @<4 40 C/7854 .*78-* 0* A/57* :4 -7+<0,/ > :4 543:-7-436/ 0 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ +/,44 C*8-0-:*:4, 4,+4.-*04, 54,+4.6/ * 0* 65*3,:<..-D3 :4 434512* > ,-,647* :-,4E*:/ 4G-14 0* 4@<-+*5*.-D3 :4 0*, 34.4,-:*:4,:40*,F*5-*804,:40,-,647**0*,C*8-0-:*:4,4G-1-:*,+/540C/7854 ? ? ?
AMPLIFICACIÓN: *645.45*.*5*.6452,6-.*-7+/56*364:40*./3:<.6*14345*0:40 /+45*:/5C<7*3/+<4:400*7*5,4P*7+0-A-.*.-D3Q * *7+0-A-.*.-D3 8=,-.* +*5* 6/:/, 0/, ,-,647*, :4 ./365/0? 6*36/ ,4 -3.0<>43 /+45*:/54, C<7*3/, ./7/ ,-3/ , * 65*F9, :40 1<,6/:4 +4@<4E*, .*36-:*:4, :4434512*.<*3:/,47*3-+<0*37*>/54,A<4364,:40*,7-,7*,430**.6<*.-D3 :4<3,-,647**03-F40:4./365/0C<7*3/0/,+4@<4E/,.*78-/,430*:-,.54+*3.-* 4365480*3./>40+<0,/5+<4:43:*50<1*5*15*3:4,.*78-/,430/,7/F-7-436/, :454,+<4,6* LOS ESTIMULOS Y LOS PROCESOS SENCITIVOS ÔUMANOS 0 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ 54.-84 -3A/57*.-D3 :4 ,< 74:-/ *78-4364 * 65*F9, :4 ,436-:/,4,+4.-*04,F-,6*?/2:/?/0A*6/?6*.6/>1<,6/?0*-3A/57*.-D3@<454.-84,4 0* +54,436*3 0/, :-,+0*> :4 6*0 7/:/ @<4 ,/0/ -3:-54.6*74364 04 ./7<3-.*3 0/, .*78-/, 43 0*, F*5-*.-/34, :4 4,627<0/, 40 :-,+0*> 4, F-,<*0 +45/ 0* -3A/57*.-D3 +54,436*:*,/0/3/,C*80*-3:-54.6*74364:404,6-7<0/ DISEÑO DE DISPLAY: , <3 +5/8047* :4 -3143-452* 40 :4 :46457-3*5 ./7/ ./3,65<-5<3:-,+0*>@<4,4*.*+*;:465*3,7-6-50*-3A/57*.-D354@<45-:*5=+-:*> *:4.<*:*74364+/540/+45*:/5:40*7*@<-3* 0 :-,4E*5 :-,+0*>, +*5* ,-,647*, +*5* ,-,647*, 7=, ./7+04B/, 43 0/, @<4 +<4:*354+54,436*5,47<.C/,4,627<0/,4,-7+/56*364+5/.<5*56*36*.*36-:*::4 -3A/57*.-D38=,-.*./7/,4*+/,-80443<3:-,+0*>,43.-00/ 0 +5/8047* :4 +54,436*5 0* -3A/57*.-D3 *0 /+45*:/5 +<4:4 -0<,65*5,4 A=.-074364 /8,45F*3:/0/,,-,647*,7=,,-7+04,@<4,4A/57*3.<*3:/54.-8-7/,4,627<0/, *-,0*:/,C47/,,<145-:/*3645-/574364@<40*./3:<.6*:40/+45*:/5C<7*3/4, -36457-64364? 40 /8,45F*:/5 *6-43:4 :-,.546*74364 * 0* -3A/57*.-D3 +5/.<5*5= +/5 <3:-*0,-7+04?<3**1 <3*,.-A5*,<3*,.-A5*,*<3/,,278/0/, ,6/,-13-A-.* @<4*<3@<40*,F*5-*.-/34,:44,6-7<0/,+<4:*.*78-*5./36*36474364./7/43 0*, 6*54*, :4 0/.*0-;*.-D3 40 /8,45F*:/5 C<7*3/ +<4:4 .*+6*5 ,< ,-13-A-.*:/ / :464.6*5406-+/:40*,4E*0./7/<3*<3-:*:A-B*43406-47+/ TEORÍA DE LA INFORMACIÓN: * -3A/57*.-D3 ,4 ./0/.* 43 <3 4G6547/ :40 .*3*0 > ,*04 +/5 40 /65/? 4,6* 4, <3* -7*143 .*,- 4G*.6*74364 :40 ,45 C<7*3/ .<*3:/54.-84-3A/57*.-D3:4<3:-,+0*>4,6*,.*36-:*:4,./3,6-6<>4340743,*B4 0/,D51*3/,4,+4.-*0-;*:/,:40C/7854,/30/,@<4004F*3*.*8/0*+45.4+.-D3:40 743,*B4>0*54.4+.-D3:4,<,-13-A-.*:/
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EL BIT: , 0* -3A/57*.-D3 ,<7-3-,65*:* +/5 <3* ,404..-D3 M3-.* 43654 0*, *06453*6-F*,:44,6*7*345*,-,*847/,@<43/,443654:/,*./364.-7-436/,F** /.<55-5? +45/ 3/ 4,6*7/, ,41<5/, :4 .<*0 :4 0/, :/, ,45= <3* ,4E*0 +<4:4 65*3,7-6-5<38-6:4-3A/57*.-D3@<454,<40F*4,6*-3.456-:<7854 REDUNDANCIA EN LA COMUNICACIÓN: 0 C4.C/ 4, @<4 0/, 743,*B4,? 43 3<4,65/0431<*B4?*743<:/0*-3A/57*.-D3F*5-*,F4.4, +*564 +/5 43645/ :4 0* ./7<3-.*.-D3 * 65*F9, :40 0431<*B4 ./7/ 6*0 +/:47/, *+0-.*5 4,6/, ./3.4+6/, * .<*0@<-45 6-+/ :4 :-,+0*> 43 40 .<*0 0/, 4,627<0/, ./3 .*5*.6452,6-.*,F*5-*804,,<7-3-,6543:*6/,:40/,.*78-/,4G6453/,*0,-,647* CALIDAD DE INFORMACIÓN EN UN DISPLAY: ÔAREY Y GARNER :46457-3*5*3 0* .*36-:*: :4 -3A/57*.-D3 65*3,7-6-:* * 0/, /8,45F*:/54, @<4 43B<-.-*8*30/, F*0/54, 54+54,436*:/, +*5* <3 -3:-.*:/5 * 0/0*51/ :4 <3* 4,.*0* ./7/,-A<45*:-A2.-0 34,644G+45-7436/,4+457-6-D*0-3:-.*:/5*:/+6*5?? /+/,-.-/34,:-A454364,/65/:40-3645F*0/-3645+/0*:/ 0*3=0-,-,-3A/57*6-F/:40/,:-,+0*>4,7<>M6-0*65*6*5*01<3/,:40/,+5/8047*, :40 :-,4E/ :4 <6-00*B4, +*5* <,/ C<7*3/? 3/ /8,6*364 <3* 15*3 .*36-:*: :4 4,6<:-/,:4:-.*:/,*0./3/.-7-436/:40/,74.*3-,7/,,43.-6-F/,?0/,.*3*04,* 65*F9,:40/,.<*04,40/8,45F*:/554.-840/,4,6-7<0/, EL CONTROL Y EL PROCESO DE LA INFORMACIÓN ÔUMANA 0 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ *.6M* ./7/ <3 0*;/ F-F/ ./3 0*, +*564, -3*3-7*:*, :40 ,-,647*C/7854(7=@<-3* *-3A/57*.-D3/8643-:*:40:-,+0*>+*,**65*F9,:490? +45/3/:40*7-,7*7*345*./3@<4<3743,*B4+*,**65*F9,:40C-0/6404AD3-./ *0 +5/.4:-7-436/ ,452* /345/,/ +*5* 0/, 6*0436/, :40 C/7854 ./3,-:45*:/ ./7/ <3* 7=@<-3*? .*+*; :4 6/7*5 :4.-,-/34, =, 8-43 0/ @<4 /.<554 4, @<4 0* -3A/57*.-D3? +54,436*:* *0 /+45*:/5 ,4 *,-7-0*? ,4 40*8/5* * 0* 0<; :4 0* -3A/57*.-D3 *07*.43*:* *3645-/574364 43 0* 747/5-* > ,4 F*0/5* +*5* 0* *..-D3 A<6<5* 0-3143-45/:-,4E*:/534.4,-6*,*845.<=04,,/30*,6*54*,%<454*0-;*3 74B/5 0*,7=@<-3*,>0*,@<4 74B/5004F**.*8/40/+45*:/5C<7*3/ -64347/,@<4 *,-,6-5 *0 -3143-45/ 43 4,6* 6*54*? :4847/, 4,6<:-*5 7=, :4643-:*74364 40 +5/.4,/:4-3A/57*.-D3@<440/+45*:/54A4.6M*4 3 ,<c*+40:40*;/65*3,7-,/5( :4(:*6/,(43 40 ,-,647* 0 /+45*:/5 0041* * 9,64 ./3 :46457-3*:/, C=8-6/, > ./3/.-7-436/, *+543:-:/, +54F-*74364 *84 6*78-93 0/ @<4 40 ,-,647* :484 C*.45 0 ./7+04B/ +5/.4,/ :4 0* -3A/57*.-D3 ( * .*:43* :4 *.6/, 7436*04, @<4 ./3:<.4*0*:4.-,-D3A-3*0:40/+45*:/5?47+-4;*./30*,54,+<4,6*,+45.4+6-F*,? @<4 04 .*+*.-6*3 +*5* -3645+546*5 0/, :*6/, :40 :-,+0*> *, 7*3.C*, :4 0<;? 0/, ?? ?
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rocesos perceptivos.? ? /3,6*36474364 ,/7/, 4,6-7<0*:/, +/5 -7=1434, > ,/3-:/, :4 0/, @<4 ,D0/ <3* +4@<4E* A5*..-D3 6-434 ,-13-A-.*:/ +*5* 3<4,65* ./3:<.6* +54,4364 /@<4+54643:47/, > .D7/ -3645+546*7/, 0/, 4,627<0/, F-434 :46457-3*:/ +/5 3<4,65/, +5/.4,/, +45.4+6-F/, 4./3/.47/, / -:436-A-.*7/, +*5* @<9 ,-5F4 <3 /8B46/ +/5@<4 43 40 +*,*:/ ,4 *,/.-*5/3 ./3 90 4G+45-43.-*,:46-+/+*56-.<0*5 4 * 7 / , 40A<3.-/3*7-436/:40+5/.4,/ Exploración.? ? 3 40 *.6/ :4 0* +45.4+.-D3? /864347/, 40 ,-13-A-.*:/ :4 0* -7+54,-D3,43,-6-F**0:-,6-31<-5 43+5-7450<1*50*,+5/+-4:*:4,/.*5*.6452,6-.*, :4 0/, /8B46/, 4847/, /8,45F*5 0/, *65-8<6/, -7+/56*364, @<4 3/, +457-6-5=3 :46457-3*5,-40/8B46/4,-1<*0/3/*0*54+54,436*.-D3*07*.43*:* c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roceso del juicio y la estimación÷? ? /, B<-.-/, > F*0/5*.-/34, @<4 ,4 :45-F*3:40*./3,-:45*.-D3:40/,4,627<0/,,43,-6-F/,6-434315*3-7+/56*3.-*43 ?? ?
40+5/.4,/:40*./3:<.6*:40/+45*:/5 /7/54,<06*:/:40*,+45.4+.-/34,?0*, ./,*, ,4 .*6*0/1*3 43 .0*,4,H 0/, /8B46/, ,4 54./3/.43 / -:436-A-.*3 ./7/ +456434.-4364,/3/*<3*.0*,4?+*56-.<0*5 Juicios. ( c/:47/, :-,6-31<-5 :/, 796/:/, +*5* 54*0-;*5 B<-.-/, 3 B<-.-/? *8,/0<6/?4,40@<4*,-13*<3F*0/5*0/8B46/H4,64F*0/554+54,436*<3+<36/4340 ./36-3 ,-7-0*54, +<4:43 ,45 54@<45-:/, 43 <3* ,45-4 :4 ,-,647*, 43 0/, @<4 6*04, :-743,-/34,:40/,4,627<0/,+54,436*:/,,4<6-0-.43+/5 40 /+45*:/ +*5* :4.-,-/34,<0645-/54, ,6/, B<-.-/, 3/ ,/3 :4.-,-/34, -3 478*51/? *+/56*3 0* -3A/57*.-D3 34.4,*5-* +*5*40M06-7/+*,/4340./7+04B/+5/.4,/7/,65*:/+/540/+45*:/5C<7*3/ Reglas de la decisión÷? ? 0 +*,/ A-3*0 43 0* ,4.<43.-* :4 *.6<*.-/34, 7436*04, @<4 ./3:<.4 *0 /+45*:/5 * 0* *..-D3 7*3-A-4,6* 4, 0* :4.-,-D3 *, +-4;*,:4-3A/57*.-D3<6-0-;*804,430*747/5-*-374:-*6*?@<4,4./7+*5*343 407/7436/:40*:4.-,-D3?,/30*,+45.4+.-/34,>F*0/5*.-/34,@<440/+45*:/5 C*:45-F*:/:40/,4,627<0/,+54,436*:/,+/540:-,+0*>:40*7=@<-3*
40*.-/3*:/ ./3 0/ @<4 40 ,-,647* 6-434 @<4 C*.45? /864347/, 540*.-/34, :40 6-+/ :4 ,- 4,6/ 436/3.4, C*52* T ,43.-*074364 ,4 4,6*804.4 <3* 5410* :4 4,64 6-+/@<4 :4A-340* 7*345* .D7/40 ,-,647*:484./7+/56*5,4+*5*.<7+0-5 0* A<3.-D3 :4 ./365/0 ,6*, 540*.-/34, 6457-3*04, ,/3 0*, 5410*, :4 0* :4.-,-D3T Toma de decisión. 04,6*804.-7-436/+54.-,/:4<3*5410*:4+43:4:407/:/:4 *.6<*5:4<3,-,647*43<37/7436/:*:/ 0/+45*:/5:484*+543:4540.*7-3/ @<4 ,41<-5= 0* 7*3.C* :4 0<; .<*3:/ 7<4F* 0* +*0*3.* 43 <3* :-54..-D3 :46457-3*:* *5410*:4:4.-,-D34G+54,*436/3.4,40.<5,/+54,.5-6/:40**..-D3:46*07/:/ @<4,D0/+54F*04.4<3/:40/,:-,6-36/,54,<06*:/,+/,-804, *,5410*,:4:4.-,-D3 3/+<4:434G+54,*5,4,-47+54*8-456*74364430*A/57*:4,.5-6*C*,6**C/5* <4,65* :4,.5-+.-D3 :40 +5/.4,/ :4 0* 6/7* :4 :4 :4.-,-/34,? *<3@<4 3/ ./7+046/? ./36-434? ./3 6/:/? 0/, -3154:-4364, 4,43.-*04, ,- 0*, :4.-,-/34, C<7*3*, +*54.43 7=, 7-,645-/,*,? 7=, C<7*3*,T @<4 0*, 4G+0-.*:*, 4, ,/0*74364 +/5@<4 3/ ,4 C* 54*0-;*:/ :4 <3 7/:/ A/57*0 40 4,6*804.-7-436/ :4 0*,5410*, ,6=3 .0*5*, +<4, 0*, 540*.-/34, ./3 40 :-,4E/ :4 4@<-+/, > ,-,647*, / ,4 :484 +457-6-5 @<4 ,<5B*3 ,-6<*.-/34, 43 0*, @<4 4, +/,-804 7=, :4 <3* -3645+546*.-D3+45.4+6-F* 4843.54*5,40*,,4E*04,:454./3/.-7-436/:4<3* ?? ?
A/57*-3./3A<3:-804 484+5/.<5*5,4<3*8*,4*:4.<*:*+*5*406-+/:4B<-.-/, /F*0/5*.-/34,*54*0-;*5 4843:4A-3-5,44G+02.-6*743640*,5410*,:4:4.-,-D3 RENDIMIENTOS Y RESPUESTAS ÔUMANAS MOTORAS 4,+<9, :4 @<4 40 /+45*:/5 C* 54.-8-:/ > 40*8/5*:/ 0* -3A/57*.-D3? ,4 -3-.-* *01M36-+/:4*..-D3 0/+45*:/554,+/3:4 *,54,+<4,6*,:406-+/:4*..-/3*5 ./37<6*:/54,? 1-5*5 7*3-F40*,? 7/F45 +*0*3.*, > ,-7-0*54,? 54.-843 40 3/7854 :4 54,+<4,6*,7/6/5*,T ,646-+/:454,+<4,6*,54@<-4540**.6-F*.-D3:40/, 7-4785/,:40.<45+/15*.-*,*065*8*B/7<,.<0*5 01<3*, F4.4,? 0*, 54,+<4,6*, :4 -36459, +*5* 40 :-,4E*:/5 :40 ,-,647* ,/3 F458*04,>54*0-;*:*,+/540/+45*:/5*0./7<3-.*5,4./3/65/,:4365/:407-,7/ ,-,647* Estudio de las habilidades motoras. 3*15*3.*36-:*::40/,+5-745/,6-+/, :4 65*8*B/, 54*0-;*:/, 43 +,-./0/12* ,4 :4:-.D *0 4,6<:-/ :4 0*, C*8-0-:*:4, +,-./7/6/5*, * +*0*85* +,-./7/6/5T ,<1-454 @<4 *01M3 6-+/ :4 *.6-F-:*: ,<+45-/5 +54.4:4 * 0* 54,+<4,6* 7/6/5*? *<3@<4 ,4 65*64 ,/0*74364 :40 54./3/.-7-436/ :4 <3* ,-7+04 ,4E*0 -3-.-*:/5* :4 0* *..-D3 3 0/, +5-745/, 4,6<:-/,,4./3,65<>45/3*+*5*6/,:4<3/</65/6-+/>,44G*7-3/0**.6<*.-D3 :40/,-3:-F-: :4 0* -3143-452* +*5* 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 :&4 0*, C*8-0-:*:4, 7/6/5*, 4G-,643 40 4,6<:-/ A-,-/0D1-./ 43 40 @<4 0*, 4,65<.6<5*, :4 .<45+/:4-3F4,6-1*3./7/D51*3/,,4+*5*:/, Clasificación de los movimientos ± 4<3 7/:/:4,.5-+6-F/?0*, A/57*,:40* *.6-F-:*: 7<,.<0*5 @<4 ,/3 -7+/56*364, +*5* 40 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/ :40 ,-,647* C/7854(7*@<-3*? ,/3 0*, ,-1<-4364, 3 +5-745 0<1*5? 43./365*7/, ./3 A54.<43.-*@<4407/F-7-436/8=,-./4,40+/,-.-/3*0,-7+04 34,647/F-7-436/ 40 .<45+/ ,4 65*,0*:* * <3* ,-6<*.-D3 4,+*.-*0 +*56-.<0*5 * /65* /, 15<+/, 7<,.<0*54, -3-.-*3 0* *..-D3 > 0/, 15<+/, 7<,.<0*54, ./365*5-/, :46-4343 40 7/F-7-436/ .<*3:/ ,4 C* *0.*3;*:/ 0* 3<4F* +/,-.-D3 43 40 4,+*.-/ 65/ 7/F-7-436/ :4 3*6<5*04;* ,-7-0*5 ,/3 0/, :4 643,-D3 > 0/, 8*02,6-./, 3 40 ?? ?
7/F-7-436/ :4 643,-D3 ,4 /80-1* *0 7-4785/ ./5+/5*0 * .*78-*5 :4 +/,-.-D3? +45/0*,4,65<.6<5*, 7<,.<0*54,./365*5-*,,4*.6-F*3 7-4365*,*@<40,454*0-;* *04, 7/F-7-436/, 6-4343 0<1*5 .<*3:/ A<45;*, F*5-*804, :4 .<*0@<-45 6-+/ *.6M*3,/84407-4785/./5+/5*0:<5*36440.<5,/:40**..-D3 FACTORES DE ÔABILIDAD MOTORA ÔUMANA 4 C* ./3,65<-:/ <3* *7+0-* F*5-4:*: :4 -3,65<7436/, +*5* 40 4,6<:-/ +,-./0D1-./ :4 0*, 54,+<4,6*, 7/6/5*,H 6/:/, 400/, +54643:43 74:-5 :46457-3*:/, *,+4.6/, :4 * ./3:<.6* C<7*3* @<4 +<:-45*3 ,45 -7+/56*364, +*5*40./365/0:40/,,-,647*,C/7854V7*@<-3* 01<3*,:44,6*,+5<48*,,/3 7<> ,-7+04,? /65*, ,/3 4G6547*:*74364 ./7+04B*, +<4,6/ @<4 4,6*, +5<48*, *<3@<4 *01/ 5<:-7436*5-*74364? ,4 ./3A/57*3 ./3 40 6-+/ :4 *.6-F-:*:4, :40 ,
Los componentes del sistema- *, 74:-:*, :4 0* *.6<*.-D3 7/6/5* ,/3 -7+/56*364, +/5 /65/, 7/6-F/, 7*, @<4 40 ,-7+04 .*0.<0/ :40 543:-7-436/ :40 C/7854 ,-6-*:/ 43 40 ./365/0 c<4,6/ @<4 6*04, 74:-:*, 3/, ,<7-3-,65*3 0/, M3-./, 74:-/, +*5* /8,45F*5 0* ./3:<.6* :40 C/7854 4, *654F4, :4 ,<, 540*.-/34, ./3 0/, 4,627<0/,? ./7/ 3/,/65/, +/:47/, -3A45-5 @<4 0/, +5/.4,/, ./7/0*+45.4+.-D3?B<-.-/?:4.-,-D3>/65*,*.6-F-:*:4,+,2@<-.*,?4G-,643,41M3 3<4,65*,:4,.5-+.-/34, EL ANALISIS DE LOS SISTEMAS ÔOMBRE-MAQUINA <3@<440 .*7+/:40* +,-./0/12*43-3143-452*4,6/:*F2* B/F43 >*<3,44,6* 04B/, :4 54*0-;*5 <3* 4,+4.-A-.*.-D3 +54.-,* :4 0*, +5/+-4:*:4, -3143-45*, :40 /+45*:/5 C<7*3/? +/,447/, 0/, :*6/, ,
6-47+/ LAS NUEVAS FUNCIONES DE LA PSICOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL /,+,-.D0/1/,430*-3:<,65-*?*<3@<4*743<:/,4/.<+*3:4<3**7+0-*1*7* :4+5/8047*,+45,/3*04,?C*3643:-:/**15<+*5,4434,+4.-*0-:*:4, c<4:43,45 4,+4.-*0-,6*, 43 ,41<5-:*: 43 +5<48*, :4 ,404..-D3? 43 *:-4,65*7-436/ / 43 -3143-452* C<7*3* , +/,-804 @<4 4G-,6* <3* :/.43*? / 7=,? :4 6*04, 4,+4.-*0-;*.-/34, 3 7<.C/, .*,/, 40 4,+4.-*0-,6* C* 54*0-;*:/ 745-6/5-*, *+/56*.-/34,*,<.*7+/:4/+45*.-/34, Expansión de los problemas psicológicos *C47/,4G+<4,6/ 7<.C/,:40/, +5/8047*,@<4./3,6-6<>434065*8*B/:40+,-.D0/1/-3:<,65-*0>C47/,F-,6/./7/ +<4:43,/0F436*5,4 *78-93C47/,-3:-.*:/,@<40*,=54*,+5/8047=6-.*,4,6=3 43 4G+*3,-D3? > C47/, ./7+5/8*:/ ./7/ *<7436* 0*, *+0-.*.-/34, :4 0* +,-./0/12* 43 0* -3:<,65-* *, ./3.546*74364 l<=04, ,/3 0* 3<4F*, A<3.-/34, :40 +,-.D0/1/ -3:<,65-*0 @<4 *C/5* ,4 4,6=3 +/3-43:/ :4 7*3-A-4,6/O 4345*074364? 40 +,-.D0/1/ -3:<,65-*0 *.6M* ./3 <3* +5/8047=6-.* +5/+-* @<4 @<4:* :4A-3-:* .<*3:/ ,< 47+54,*5-/ .544 @<4 ,4 +5/:<.4 *01<3* 4@<-F/.*.-D3 43 *01<3* +*564 :4 0/*, /+45*.-/34, :4 0* 47+54,* > ,/,+4.C* @<4? :4 *01M3 7/:/? :484 *7/34,6*5,4 * 0/, 65*8*B*:/54, /7/ >* ,*847/,? 0/, +5/8047*, ,/33<745/,/,4G.4,-F/,.4,4,0*8/5*04, 47*,-*:/,*..-:4364, 47*,-*:/, A*00/,,*0*5-*04,46. Investigación y desarrollo /, +,-.D0/1/, ,-47+54 ,4 C*3 :4:-.*:/ * 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 .6<*074364 ,4 4,6* ,<7*3:/ <3 3<4F/ A*.6/5 :46457-3*:/, +,-.D0/1/, ,4 43.<4365*3 A/57*3:/ +*564 :4 <3 4@<-+/ :4 :4,*55/00/ .*:* F4, 7*,? 0*, A<3.-/34, 7*, 3<4F*, :40 +,-.D0/1/ -3:<,65-*0 04 ,-6M*3 <3 :2* 43 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 > /65/ 43 40 :4,*55/00/ l<*04, ,/3 0*, :-A4543.-*, 43654 -3F4,6-1*.-D3>:4,*55/00/O *-3F4,6-1*.-D34,0**F45-1<*.-D3+*5*,*845 0:4:4,*55/00/./3,-,6443C*.45 *01/@<4+5/:<.4*01/ 7+4;*547/,3<4,65*4G+/,-.-D3./3<3*854F454F-,-D3 :4 0/ @<4 @<4547/, :4.-5 ./3 0* +*0*85* -3F4,6-1*.-D3? :4 A/57* @<4 +/:*7/, ./7+543:4574B/50*,3<4F*,A<3.-/34,:40+,-.D0/1/4340:4,*55/00/
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La investigación en la ciencia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n ejemplo de investigación de laboratorio. 3 +,-.D0/1/ /8,45F* 43 ,< 0*8/5*6/5-/./7/<3/,5*6/34,C*785-436/,,4*.45.*3,4*.45.*3*<3*.*B*./3 *0-7436/,0/,7*,*1-04,+*54.43./5545,-43:/ 7<>:-A2.-0./3,41<-5@<4C*1*3 5/:4/, 0 +,-.D0/1/ :4,4* ,*845 ,- 0*, +45,/3*, ,4 ./3:<.43 :4 0* 7-,7* 7*345* < :4,4/ 04 004F* * 0* 40*8/5*.-D3 :4 <3* C-+D64,-, ,6*804.4 4,6* C-+D64,-,.<*3:/:-.4W0/,,454,C<7*3/,,4*.45.*37*,<3/,*/65/,.<*3:/ ,4 C*0043 +5DG-7/, * <3* 746* 6*0 ./7/ 40*0-7436/? @<4 .<*3:/ 4,693 *04B*:/, :4400*,X 44,6*A/57*?7-:40*:-,6/.-*@<4C*>436540*,+45,/3*,@<44365*3* <3*.*A46452* /7+*5*0*,:-,6/.-*,43654400*,*00041*5*07/,65*:/5./30*,@<4 1<*5:*3 7465/, *364, 0 04.6/5 +<4:4 C*.45 +/5 ,< .<436* 4,6* 74:-:* 4G+45-7436*0 +*5* +5/8*5 0* C-+D64,-, :4 @<4? +/5 0/ 743/, 43 4,64 *,+4.6/? 0* +45,/3*,,4+*54.43*0/,*3-7*04,+5-7-6-F/, Un ejemplo de investigación aplicada. ./36-3<*.-D3 4G+/3:547/, <3 4G+45-7436/@<4,4:-5-14743/,*./3,41<-5<3*,456/14345*0@<4**F45-1<*5,- 40 /8B46/ / +5/.4,/ 4, ,<+45-/5? :4 *01M3 7/:/? *0 /8B46/ / +5/.4,/ 14345*074364?4,646-+/:44,6<:-/,4:43/7-3*-3F4,6-1*.-D3*+0-.*:*?*<3@<4* F4.4, 4, 7<> :-A2.-0 :-,6-31<-50/ :4 <3* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 :4 0*8/5*6/5-/ +/:47/, @<4545,*845,-4064,6+54:-.48<43/,F43:4:/54,74B/5@<44064,6 La naturaleza del desarrollo. /365*,6*3:/ ./3 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 0 :4,*55/00/ ./3:<.4 * 0/, /8B46/, > * 0/, +5/.4:-7-436/, c/5 4B47+0/? +/:47/, ,*845? * +*56-5 :4 <3*-3F4,6-1*.-D3 0/, +5-3.-+-/, :4 A<3.-/3*7-436/ :4 <3 *<6/7DF-0 ./3 6<58-3* :4 1*, / ./3 434512* 3<.04*5 ,6/ 3/ ,-13-A-.* @<4 4,647/, 43 ./3:-.-/34,:4./3,65<-5*<3*<6/7DF-0F-*8047/F-:/+/5<3*6<58-3*:41*,/+/5 0* 434512* 3<.04*5 0 :4,*55/00/ 4,6* 0-7-6*:/ +/5 :/, ./3,-:45*.-/34, ? ? ?
-7+/56*364,/,6/,>4A-.*.-*:40*,/+45*.-/34, 0:4,*55/00/./3,-,644364345 ./3/.-7-436/, > <6-0-;*50/, +*5* -3F436*5 /8B46/, / +5/.4:-7-436/, @<4 ,-5F*3 * <3/,+5/+D,-6/,+5=.6-./,>6431*3./7/:43/7-3*:/540A*.6/5:D0*5 Las variables en el desarrollo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sesoría de un proyecto de desarrollo. 0 -3F4,6-1*:/5 +5/A4,-/3*0 +<4:4 43.*51*5,4 :40 +*+40 647+/5*0 :4 *,4,/5 43 <3 +5/>4.6/ :4 :4,*55/00/H 43 4,6*, .-5.<3,6*3.-*,? 14345*074364 /A54.4 ,<, ./3,4B/,? +45/ 3/ ,4 -:436-A-.* ./3 <3 +5/>4.6/3-./3,<,./3,4.<43.-*,,/0/,4*55-4,1*<3*,41<3:*5465-8<.-D3?7*, @<4 ,< 47+04/ 43 <3* 47+54,* :47=,? +<4:4 ,-6<*5,4 43 <3 +*+40 7*, *3=0/1/*0:4.5-6-./@<4*0:4./0*8/5*:/554,+/3,*804 Combinaciones de investigación y desarrollo. , +/,-804 @<4 0* +45,/3* @<4 :-5-14 / ./3:<.4 <3* -3F4,6-1*.-D3 +/31* 43 +5*.6-.* 0/, ./3/.-7-436/, *,2 *:@<-5-:/,*+0-.=3:/0/*0:4,*55/00/. ,6*,A<3.-/34,+<4:4354<3-5,4 +/54B47+0/? .<*3:/? * 65*F9, :40 4,6<:-/ :4 0/, 54@<-,-6/, 0*8/5*04, :4 <3/, 74.=3-./,? ,4 -:4*3 <3/, +5-3.-+-/, / 6=.6-.*, 0/, .<*04, 0041*3 * C*.45 -3./5+/5*:/, * 0/, 796/:/,:4<3*:-4,65*7-436/4,+4.-*0
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PSICOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL COMO RESOLVENTE DE LOS PROBLEMAS <5*3640*51/6-47+/?40+,-.D0/1/-3:<,65-*0,4C*:4:-.*:/*<3+5/8047* *7+0-*:/4,+4.-A-./>Y/*<3/,+5/8047*,14345*04,?./7/6*78-93*01<3/, +,-.D0/1/,,4C*347+4;*:/*/.<+*:4*01<3/,+5/8047*,,-,647=6-.*0/, .<*04,0/,:4A-3-547/,*./36-3<*.-D3 Problemas aplicado específicos:40+5-74554@<-,-6/+*5*C*00*5<3+5/8047* *+0-.*:/4,/:4845=,45:4,.<85-50/,:*6/,@<4+457-6*3*0*+45,/3*@<4 +0*364*0*,-6<*.-D3?6/7*5<3*:4:-.-D3>:4:-.*5,4*<3**..-D3./3,65<.6-F*?43 14345*00*+5-745*46*+*./3,-,6443+5/8*50*F*0-:4,:40*,-6<*.-D3>40,41<3:/ +*,/,45-*43:46457-3*50*.*<,*:40*,-6<*.-D3?:4,+<9,F43:52*0*+*564:40* ,/0<.-D3:40+5/8047*?./7/+/:52*,<+/345,4?4043A/@<4:4<3*,/0<.-D3/:4 <3:4,*55/00/?+*5*<3*,-6<*.-D3+<4,6*:47*3-A-4,6/+/5<3*-3F4,6-1*.-D3 4,+4.-A-.*?6*78-93:48452*,454,+4.-A-./ Problema aplicados generales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roblemas sistemáticos: 4,6/, ,/3 :4 4,6*804.45? +43,*5 > 54,/0F45 +5/8047*, @<4 ,4 /5-1-3*3 43 7=, -3645540*.-/34, ./7+04B*,? 43654 4,6*, -3645540*.-/34, ,4 C*00*3 0*, :4 0/, /8B46/,? +5/.4,/, > ./7+/34364, C<7*3/, 3 4,6* +*564 40 +,-.D0/1/ 3/ 54,<40F4 +5/8047*, ./7/ 0/, >* F-,6/, *3645-/574364? *@<2 ,4 65*6* 43@<44,644,69:4:-.*:/**01/M6-0./7/4,6*5540*.-/3*:/./3+5/>4.6/,:40* 47+54,* EL SISTEMA GENERAL ? ? ?
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specialista en factores humanos: 40 +,-.D0/1/ +/5 ,<, F*5-*:/, +*+404, > ,< -36415*.-D3 43 40 4@<-+D +5/>4.6-,6*? +<4:4 -3.0<,/ .*78-*5 ,< 6-6<0/ +/5 40 :4 4,+4.-*0-,6*43A*.6/54,C<7*3/,?,<,:4.-,-/34,3/+<4:438*,*5,4M3-.*74364 43 0/ @<4 4, /+6-7/ +*5* 0/, ,454, C<7*3/, @<4 -3.0<>4 40 ,-,647*? :4843 *B<,6*5,4*0/@<44,8<43/3/,/0/+*5*400/,,-3/6*78-930*47+54,*14345*0 Requisitos y definición de sistema: <3 ,-,647* +<4:4 :4,.5-8-5,4 :4 7<.C*, 7*345*,? A/57*,? ,41M3 ,4* 40 +5/+D,-6/ @<4 :48* * ,45F-5 0* :4,.5-+.-D3 43 <3 ,436-:/ 7=, *7+0-/ * :4,.5-+.-D3 @<4 :48452* +457-6-5 <3* 0-8456*: 7=G-7* 43 0*,,-1<-4364,*06453*6-F*,?./7/6*78-930*,0-7-6*.-/34,>./3:-.-/34,A-B*:*,?0* +/,-804,/0<.-D3:48452*+457-6-5 &
0-8456*:+*5*,41<-50*,+/,-804,,/0<.-/34,4*+0-.*.-/34, 4,-7+/56*364+/,44543/5:430*+0*3-A-.*.-D3>40:-,4E/ -36415*50*,:4,45.-/34,43,-,647*,7=,*7+0-/, *./+0*50*,:4,45.-D3:40,-,647*./30*:40/,,-,647*,./554.6/,*40 0* :-A4543.-*.-D3 :4 0*, A<3.-/34, @<4 +<4:43 ,45 540*.-/3*:*, +/5 0/, ,454,C<7*3/,>0*@<4+<4:43,4554*0-;*:*,+/50*,7*@<-3*, 0*:46457-3*.-D3:4,-7-0-6<:4,>:4A4543.-*,54,+4.6/*/65/,,-,647*, ! .<*36-A-.*.-D3:4/+45*.-/34, 0 /8B46-F/ +5-3.-+*0 43 14345*0 :4 0* :4,.5-+.-D3 4, 7*364345 * 0* F-,6* 6/:* 0* -3A/57*.-D3 +456-34364? :4 A/57* ,-7<06=34* +*5* @<4 *,2 +<4:* 7*364345,4 0*, -:4*, *.436<*:*,? +/:47/, :4A-3-5 ./7/ <3 ,-,647* 14345*0 @<4 4, 0* /51*3-;*.-D3:4<315<+/:4C/7854>7*@<-3*5-*,
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FACTORES DE UN SISTEMA GENERAL /,A*.6/54,:4<3,-,647*./36-43437<.C*-3A/57*.-D3@<4+/.*,F4.4,+<4:4 /864345,46/:*4,6*-3A/57*.-D3:4<3*,/0*F4;?7*,8-430*-3A/57*.-D36-43:4* *.<7<0*5,4*74:-:*@<440,-,647*,4F*:-,4E*3:/ Propósitos, funciones, procesos, eslabón: 3<3,-,647*14345*04,6*,+*0*85*,0*,:-A45-52*7/,:40*,-1<-4364A/57* Î propósito: 4, 0/ @<4 40 ,-,647* :48452* ./3,41<-5? 4,6*804.-:/, 43 6957-3/,,43.-00/,14345*04, Î Funciones: +<4:43 54A45-5,4 *0 +5/+D,-6/ :40 ,-,647*? 0*, A<3.-/34, ,-47+54+<4:43:-F-:-5,443,<8,<3.-/34, Î Proceso: 4,64 F-434 :*:/ +/50* :4,.5-+.-D3 :4<3 .*78-/ 43<3* ,45-4 / ,<,6*3.-*? <,<*074364 43 40 ./364G6/ :40 -3,65<7436/ 4B4.<6*364 / 54,+/3,*804,:40.*78-/ Î Proceso-eslabón:,/3,4.<43.-*,:4.*78-/,>*.6-F-:*:4, Rendimientos, variables de criterio, tolerancia de criterios, gastos: Î Rendimiento:4,<3*-3A/57*.-D3?<37*645-*0/<3/8B46/@<4+*564:4<3 ,-,647*/:4<3/:4,<,./7+/34364, Î Una variable de criterio:4,<3A*.6/5:4<3543:-7-436/@<4-:436-A-.*<3* .*36-:*:/.*0-:*:F*5-*804+*5*@<4,4*./365/0*:* Î Una tolerancia de criterio:4,0*;/3*430*@<4+<4:43A0<.6<*50/,F*0/54, :4<3*F*5-*804:4.5-645-/?,-3:4B*5:47*364345<3543:-7-436/*.4+6*804 Î El gasto: 4, <3* A/57* :4 543:-7-436/? 40 1*,6/ +<4:4 74:-5,4 ./7/ 0* 540*.-D3:40/,./,6/,:40543:-7-436/-3M6-0./30/,:40543:-7-436/M6-0 Ambiente, entradas, contingencias, emergencias, ruido: Î Ambiente: 4, <3 ./3B<36/ :4 ./3:-.-/34, @<4 *A4.6*3 :4 A/57* 7*, / 743/, 14345*0 * 0* ,-6<*.-D3 :40 ,-,647*? 0*, ./3:-.-/34, *78-436*04, +<4:43 .*78-*5? *01<3/, .*78-/, ,/3 +5/154,-F/,? /65/, .2.0-./,? /65/, 5=+-:/,?/65/,0436/,?/65/,647+/5*04,4-36457-64364?46. Î Entrada:4,0/@<4-3154,*430*,+*564,/8B46-F*,:40,-,647*?<3*78-4364 4,<3*A/57*7<>14345*0:44365*:* Î Contingencia: 4, <3 *./364.-7-436/ 14345*074364 -7+54F-,6/ @<4 4G-14 :40 ,-,647* *01M3 6-+/ :4 /+45*.-/34, A<45* :4 0/ ./55-4364? 4,6* +<4:4 /5-1-3*5,443<3*./3:-.-D3*78-436*0 Î Emergencias: 4,6*, +<4:43 *./,*5 <3 ,-,647*? +/5 6*36/ C*> @<4 4,6*5 +54+*5*:/+*5**01<3*4F436<*0-:*:
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Î Ruido: .<*0@<-45 ,4E*0? /8B46/ / +5/.4,/ +456<58*:/5 / :4,*6-3*:/? 40 ./3.4+6/ :45-F*:/ 3/ ,/0/ -3.0<>4 0*, +456<58*.-/34, *<:-6-F*,? ,- 3/ 6*78-93.<*0@<-456-+/:4-7+4:-7436/430*,/+45*.-/34, ESRUCTURA DE UN SISTEMA GENERAL 48452* /8,45F*5,4 @<4 0/, A*.6/54, :4 <3 ,-,647* 14345*0 ./7/ 40 :4,.5-6/ *3645-/574364 ,4 4,65<.6<5* :4 7<.C*, A/57*,? 4,6* 4,65<.6<5* 4, -34F-6*804 43 .<*0@<-45+0*38*,*:/43./,*,?-:4*,>+5/.4:-7-436/,@<4-3645*.6M*343654,- 3* A/57* *+5/+-*:* :4 C*.45 4,6/ 4, 47+4;*5 +/5 0/ 14345*0? :4,+<9, ./3 0/ +*56-.<0*5>C*,6*65*;*5<3.-.0/62+-./:40,-,647*:4,:440+5-3.-+-/C*,6*40A-3 0 +5/:<.6/ A-3*0 ,45= <3 +0*3/ :4 0/, ,-,647*, @<4 +<4:43 <,*5,4 ./7/ <3 :/.<7436/:4+0*3-A-.*.-D3?4,6/*><:*5**54./5:*50*,./,*,@<4,4540*.-/343 43654,->*F*0/5*50*,./3,4.<43.-*,:4.<*0@<-45:4,*55/00/ 0+0*3/:40,-,647* +<4:43/,45+54+*5*:/+/5<3+,-.D0/1/?0/.-456/4,@<43/+<4:4,4540*8/5*:/ +/5<3C/7854,/0/ LOS ANÁLISIS DE TAREAS 0*3=0-,-,:4<3*6*54*4,<3+5/.4:-7-436/+*5*:4A-3-5436957-3/,4,+4.2A-./,0/ @<4:484C*.4540/+45*:/5C<7*3/?437<.C/,*,+4.6/,?4,./7/<37*3<*0:4 -3,65<..-/34, 7<> ./7+046/ 3* 540*.-D3 :4 54@<-,-6/, 0*8/5*04, 4, 0* 4,+-3* :/5,*0:4.<*0@<-4565*8*B/540*.-/3*:/./3A*.6/54,C<7*3/, Errores en los análisis:*054*0-;*50*,:4,.5-+.-/34,>*3=0-,-,:40/,47+04/,> 6*54*,? +<4:43 +5/:<.-5,4 F*5-/, 455/54, :4 -7+/56*3.-* 3/ :4 400/, ,/3 0/, *,456/,,/8544065*8*B/43.<4,6-D3?<3,41<3:/455/54,40-3F45,/*0*3645-/5@<4 +<4:4 +*54.45 <3* 6*54* :46457-3*:*? <3 645.45 455/5 3*.4 :4 +54,6*504 :47*,-*:**643.-D3*0*,./4:-.-/34,3/57*04,>3/A-B*5,443/65*,,-6<*.-/34,? 40 .<*56/ 455/5 4, 40 /+<4,6/ *0 645.45/ ./3,-,64 43 ,/8544,6-7*5 0* ,-6<*.-D3 /.*,-/3*0@<4+<4:4+5/:<.-5,443<3*6*54* -+/, :4 6*54*, 3/ 4G-,64 3-31M3 4,@<47* :4 .0*,-A-.*.-D3 +/5 40 @<4 +<4:* :-,6-31<-5,4*8,/0<6*74364<3*6*54*:4/65*436957-3/,+,-./0D1-./, Tarea de rastreo:4,*@<400*430*@<4,454*0-;*3./36-3<*,*:*+6*.-/34,*<3* ,4E*0 @<4 .*78-* ,-3 -36455<+.-D3? 7<.C*, /+45*.-/34, :4 6/53/ 6-4343 ./7+/34364,:45*,654/ Tareas de procedimiento: ,/3 *@<400*, @<4 ,4 54*0-;*3 +/5 <3* ,<.4,-D3 :4 46*+*, c<4:43 :-F-:-5,4 43 <3-:*:4, :4 *..-D3 ,4+*5*:*, ./7/ 0* 7*>/52* :4 65*8*B/ @<4 64347/, * :-*5-/ * -7+/56*3.-* :4 C*.45 <3* .0*,-A-.*.-D3 :4 0*, ? ? ?
6*54*, 54,-:4 43 @<4 0*, :-,6-36*, *+6-6<:4, +<4:43 /5-436*5 0* ,404..-D3 :4 +45,/3*0>+457-6434,6*804.450*,./3:-.-/34,:4*:-4,65*7-436/ Descripción de una tarea:4,0*4G+54,-D3:40*,,<14,6-/34,/,4E*04,@<4,/3 0/, 4,627<0/, :4 <3* *..-D3 54@<45-:* @<4 3/ 4, ,- 3/ 40 65*8*B/ @<4 :484 C*.45,4 Análisis de ciclos laborales: 4,64 +5/.4:-7-436/ 4,6* :-5-1-:/ * ./7+046*5 0* :4,.5-+.-D3:4<3*6*54* VARIABLES DE UN SUBSISTEMA 0,-1<-43644,@<47*./36-4340*,F*5-*804,@<4A/57*3<3,<8,-,647*+45,/3*0 -,4E/:4<3*/.<+*.-D340:-,4E/:4<3*/.<+*.-D36-434<3,-13-A-.*:/+5=.6-./ .<*3:/ 4G-,643 :/, / 7=, +45,/3*, -3645*.6<*3:/ *, ./3:-.-/34, 7=, -7+/56*364,:40:-,4E/:4<3*/.<+*.-D3,/3 15*:/:4A54.<43.-*:40*6*54* ,-6<*.-D3A2,-.*<3*+45,/3*+<4:44,6*543,-6-/*0*F4;>54@<-454.-456/ 6-47+/+*5*7/F45,4:4<30<1*5*/65/ & 7*3643-7-436/ :4 0* /.<+*.-D3 <3* 6*54* :4845= 7*364345 5*;/3*80474364/.<+*:/*<3*+45,/3**0/0*51/:40+45-/:/0*8/5*0 ./3/.-7-436/, > C*8-0-:*:4, ./7<34, 43 14345*0? 0*, 6*54*, *,-13*:*, * <3+<4,6/:465*8*B/:48452*3,45+,-./0D1-.*74364C/7/1934*, ./7+*6-8-0-:*: ./30*, 4,65<.6<5*, 0*8/5*04,4G-,64364, 4,6/*><:*5* *0*, +45,/3*,@<4+*,*3:4<3,-,647**<3/3<4F/ .*51/,:47*3:/-364574:-/4,6/,.*51/,54@<-4543<3**643.-D34,+4.-*0 ><3*,C*8-0-:*:4,./7+046*74364:-A454364,:40*,*+6-6<:4,69.3-.*, ! /+/56<3-:*: +*5* +5/154,*5 40 +0*34*7-436/ :4 4,65<.6<5*, +5/A4,-/3*04, 43<3,-,647*:4843-3.0<-50/,-3.436-F/,*:4.<*:/, ' A*.6/54, 4,+4.-*04, 4G-,6-52*3 .*,/, 43 0/, @<4 @<-;= 0*, ./3:-.-/34, *3645-/54,:48*3,45F-/0*:*, Criterio de eficiencia:4364/52*,/364,6:454*0-;*.-D3:40*,6*54*,*.6<*04, Adiestramiento: :48452* ./3,-,6-5 43 <3*, 4G+45-43.-*, @<4 +5/+/5.-/3*5*3 40 .*7-3/7=,4./3D7-./43654404,6*:/:403/F-.-/43<3*6*54*>0**:@<-,-.-D3:4 <3/,.5-645-/,:44A-.-43.-*:40*7-,7* Selección de personal: 0/, 54@<-,-6/, :4 <3 47+04/ > :4 <3* 6*54* :48452*3 47+04*5,4 43 -:4*5 +5/.4:-7-436/, +*5* 0* ,404..-D3 :4 +45,/3*0 ,6/, :*6/, 4F-6*52*3 0/, C*8-6<*04, 455/54, :4 +54:-..-D3 @<4 ,4 +5/:<.43 43 0* 7*>/52* :4 0/,64,6:4,404..-D3 ? ? ?
Ingeniería humana: 4,6* =54* 0*8/5*0 ,4 540*.-/3* ./3 0* *,-,643.-* 0*8/5*0? 40 +0*34*7-436/:4796/:/,>0*4G6547*:*74364-7+/56*3646*54*:4:46457-3*50*, A<3.-/34,:4<3,-,647*:46457-3*:/ -,647*, > 64,6 :4 +5/:<..-D30/, +,-.D0/1/, .*:* F4; 7=, 4,6=3 :4,*55/00*3:/ <3*,69.3-.*,./7+04B*,./340A-3:4+5/8*50/,,-,647*,C/7854(7*@<-3* Registro de datos: /65* 6*54* 43 0* @<4 +<4:4 ./0*8/5*5 40 +,-.D0/1/ 4, 0* 54./1-:*4-3645+546*.-D3:40/,:*6/,@<4+5/+/5.-/3*40,-,647*<3*F4;+<4,6* 437*5.C* CINCO FUNCIONES DEL PSICÓLOGO INDUSTRIAL /7/3/,+/:47/,:*5.<436*40+*+40:40+,-.D0/1/-3:<,65-*04,<36*36//7<> ./7+04B* +45/ 4,64 :484 :4:-.*5,4 * 0* -3F4,6-1*.-D3? 43 0* .<*0 :4,47+4E* <3 +*+40 .5-6-./? /65/ +*+40 ,45-* 40 :4 ,/0<.-/3*:/5 :4 +5/8047*,? +*5* 4,6*804.45 <3*, ,/0<.-/34, :4 *+0-.*.-D3 ./3.546*? +<4:4 *8/5:*5 +5/8047*, 7<> 4,+4.2A-./,430*,-6<*.-D30*8/5*0?,-,4:4:-.**04,6<:-/:40,-,647*643:5=@<4 54,/0F45 0/, +5/8047*, :40 +45,/3*0 ./7/ <3* 3/57* 3 .<*36/ 7*>/5 ,4* 40 ./3/.-7-436/ :40 +,-.D0/1/ 0*, ./,*, ,4 04 C*5=3 7=, A=.-04, 43 .<*36/ * 0* ,/0<.-D3 :4 +5/8047*, 43 .<*36/ * 0*, 540*.-/34, :4 +45,/3*0 > 0*, 540*.-/34, 0*8/5*04,
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CONCLUCION *+,-./0/12*:40*-3143-452*./7/6*03/,*><:**./7+543:4540A<3.-/3*7-436/ :40*,7*@<-3*,*+*56-5:40*.54*.-D3:44,6*+/540C/7854:/3:440-3143-45/ +5/>4.6*:-,4E*>54*0-;*4,65<.6<5*,>*+*5*6/,M6-04,+*5*40C/7854+/5 ./3,-1<-436443./365*7/,F436*3-00*,7*34B*:*,+/540./365/0*:-,6*3.-*?7*>/5 ,41<5-:*:430*:-54..-D3-3>4.6/54,*<6/7=6-./,:4./78<,6-804,.*:*:2*<3 7*>/53M745/:44,6/,F40/.4,/8B46/,+*5*.C/.*5430*,*<6/+-,6*, 5*.-*,*4,6*,,4C*3.54*:/7*@<-3*,+*5*40:4,*55/00/C<7*3/A*.-0-6*3:/40 65*8*B/:4400/,
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ANEXOS
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GLOSARIO Asertos: *A-57*5?*,41<5*5?*,4F45*5 Fluctuar: G+45-7436*5*01/<3*F*5-*.-D3:4F*0/5/74:-:* Acoplar: <3-543654,-:/,+-,*,:47/:/@<4*B<,6434G*.6*74364
B<,6*5<3*+-4;**0,-6-/:/3:4:48*./0/.*5,4
Conexos: *+0-.*,4*0*./,*@<44,6*430*;*:*/540*.-/3*:*./3/65* Torno: 7*@<-3*,-7+04@<4./3,-,6443<3.-0-3:5/:-,+<4,6/+*5*1-5*5*054:4:/5 :4 <3 4B4 G? 0* *..-/3 :4 0*, +*0*3.*,? .-1<4E*, / 5<4:*, > @<4 /5:-3*5-*74364 *.6<* ,/854 0* 54,-,643.-* +/5 74:-/ :4 <3* .<45:* @<4 ,4 F* 4355/00*3:/ *0 .-0-3:5/ Codificacion:? 4 00*7* ./:-A-.*.-D3 * 0* 65*3,A/57*.-D3 :4 0* A/57<0*.-D3 :4 <3 743,*B4*65*F9,:40*,5410*,/3/57*,:4<3.D:-1//0431<*B4+54:46457-3*:/ Estilete:?/4,6-0/4,<3-3,65<7436/:44,.5-6<5* 06957-3/,447+04*6*78-93 +*5*:4,-13*5<3*..4,/5-/:4./7+<6*:/5*,?4,6-0/+4@<4E/? Premiso: .*:*<3*:40*,:/,+5-745*,+5/+/,-.-/34,:40,-0/1-,7/?:4:/3:4,4 -3A-454>,*.*0*./3.0<,-/3
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BIBLIOGRAFIA 1. +,-./0/1-*-3:<,65-*0?/3*0045-0745 á. C66+YYJJJ ./3:<.6-60*3 346Y,47-3*5-/,Y+,-./0/1-*Z-3:<,65-*0 +:A
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