The Mechanism Of Locomotion In Animals 4e3d42

The mechanism of locomotion in animals Azneezal Ar-Rashid Smk Sri Aman 95007 Sri Aman, Sarawak February 2010

Hydrostatic skeleton • Earthworm – Coelom : fluid-filled chamber • Surrounded by : – Circular muscle : » surround the chamber – Longitudinal muscle : » one end to another

• When circular contract, longitudinal relax – Thinner & longer

• When circular relax, longitudinal contract – Shorter & thicker

• Peristaltic waves – Front to end – Contract rhythmically – Bristles : chaetae • Anchor parts – Other parts can be pull

Exoskeleton • Grasshopper – 6 legs – Antagonistic muscles • Flexor • Extensor

Endoskeleton • Fish – Streamlined body shape – Overlapping scales (backwards) – Covered by a slimy coating – Flexible vertebral column – Myotomes • W-shaped muscle – Opposite actions

• Unstable – Yaw : sideways • Dorsal and ventral fins

– Rolling : transverse • Dorsal and ventral fins

– Pitching : vertical • Pelvic and pectoral fins

• Swim bladder – What is that? : • …………………………………………………………

– Function? : • …………………………………………………………