Water Cooler 226j3u

Design and Fabrication of Water Cooler of 200 LPD Capacity

By S.Rakesh Reddy Pranav Kumar K.Gopi Harish Reddy Vignana Bharathi Institute of Technology

Contents • • • • • • •

Introduction Types of Water Coolers Refrigeration Circuit Working Principle Different types of Refrigerants Applications Conclusions

WATER COOLER

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A water cooler is a device that cools and dispenses water.

Bottleless

Dispenser Type  Wall-mounted  Bottom-Load Water Dispenser

Bottled Water coolers

Historical Development

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In 1906 Halsey Willard Taylor and Luther Haws invented the first drinking water fountain, with the primary motivation being to provide safer drinking water and avoid the risk of typhoid fever caused by contaminated water.

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As the years went by, water coolers further evolved into smaller, lighter, and more efficient units. They also varied in shape and size, depending on the needs of the consuming public.

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With health and safety being the main drivers in recent years, modern water coolers were created with inbuilt purifying systems with some having a reverse osmosis system that removes chlorine and destroys microbials.

Types of Water Coolers

1.Wall-Mounted   

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The appearance is noble and classic. The front is arc design. Offer 95~100℃ hot water, and 5~8℃ cold constantly. High effective and quiet working compressor charging with R134A refrigerant which meet with environment protection Wall mounted design. It is suitable for small space.

2.Free Standing Water Cooler 

Freestanding model.

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Cold and hot water.

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Compressor cooling.

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Adjustable thermostat for cold water.

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Stainless steel cold tank : 1.8 liters

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Cooling Capacity: 4.5 lt/hr at 10ºC

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Heating Capacity: 7.5 lt/hr at 90ºC

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Ambient operation temperatures: 10ºC – 38ºC

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Cooling power consumption: 112 W

Systems Used in Water Cooler

1.Reverse Osmosis System Reverse osmosis systems for removing suspended and dissolved matter and contaminants from water.

2.Ultra Filtration System 

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High Solids Ultrafiltration (UF) is a remarkable technology in which hydrostatic pressure forces high concentration solution against specialized semipermeable membrane filter to dramatically remove suspended solids.

High Solids Ultrafiltration Technology can be applicable any time high molecular weight solutes must be removed from a solution allowing low molecular weight molecules and water to through. HTI engineers have created a unique Ultrafiltration membrane that is especially suited for separating emulsified oils and fats from water.

3.Countertop Filter Systems

Countertop filter systems are convenient, portable and offer superior tasting drinking water.

4.Pitchers&Gravity Filters  Water pitcher filtration is an easy and economical way to provide your family with great tasting drink water.  Using gravity water filtration, pitcher filters reduces mercury,  copper, zinc, chlorine taste and odor, particulates, and sediment in your drinking water. Furthermore, water pitcher filters reduces bad taste and odor in your water.

5. WHOLE HOUSE FILTER SYSTEMS   Whole House Filter Systems are an effective option for treating water at your home's point-of-entry. We offer a large selection of systems with a wide range of flow rates and cartridge options to better fit your specific applications. Installing a whole house filter system is an easy and affordable way to ensure purity and great tasting water throughout your home.

REFRGERATION CIRCUIT

REFRIGERENT 

Refrigerant is substance used for heat transfer in a refrigeration system. It pick up heat from the source at low temperature & pressure & gives up this heat at via high temperature & pressure.

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A refrigerant is a substance or mixture, usually a fluid, used in a heat pump and refrigeration cycle. In most cycles it undergoes phase transitions from a liquid to a gas and back again.

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Many working fluids have been used for such purposes. Fluorocarbons , especially chlorofluorocarbons, became commonplace in the 20th century, but they are being phased out because of their ozone depletion effects.

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Other common refrigerants used in various applications are ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and non-halogenated hydrocarbons such as propane.

CLASFICATION OF REFRIGERENTS PRIMARY REFRIGERENTS  Primary refrigerents directly take the part in the refrigerating system &actually produce the low temperature by the absorption of latent heat . SECONDARY REFRIGERENTS 

Secondary refrigerants are those which are cooled first by the primary refrigerant and then employed for cooling purpose. Indirect method of cooling is produced by absorption of sensible heat.

COMPONENTS OF REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

COMPRESSOR o

The heart of the vapour compression system is the compressor.

The compressor is the costlier component of a refrigeration system, and is driven by an electric motor. It is located between evaporator and condenser. o

o

The compressor suck the refrigerant vapour from the evaporator and is compressed from the evaporator from the evaporator pressure to condenser pressure and temperature which is greater than the temperature of cooling medium

CONDENSERS  Condensers are heat exchangers designed to remove the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator and heat of compression added refrigerant vapour discharged by the compressor to some external cooling medium, usually water or air.  As a result the vapour refrigerant condenses back to liquid at constant pressure. Thus the function of a condenser is to get ride of the heat absorbed previously and reliquefy the refrigerant.

EXPANSION DEVICES  The major problem in vapor compression system is to control the flow of the refrigerant from the condenser (high pressure side) in exact proportion to rate of evaporation in the evaporator.  A variety of devices are designed to control the flow of refrigerant and to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant. Such devices are called expansion devices or metering devices Evaporative cooler designs  Indirect evaporative cooling   Direct evaporative cooling 

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF WATER COOLER 

Water cooler is used to produce cold water at about 7 to 13 c

WATER COOLER (STORAGE TYPE)

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The storage type water coolers are widely used where continuous water supply is not available. It consists a storage tank in which water is filled. The water is maintained at constant level with the help of float valve. Insulation is provided around the tank to prevent heat transfer from the surrounding into it.

 This type of cooler uses vapour compression system with R-12 as refrigerant, and is usually mounted at bottom of the tank. High pressure refrigeration vapour enters the condenser while it is converted into liquid state

INSTANTANEOUS TYPE WATER COOLERS:  In general the instantaneous type of water coolers consists of two separate cylindrically wound coils.  One coil is for the refrigerant and the other for water. They may be made of copper or stainless steel tubes. Usually both the coils are entwined and bonded together by soldering.  The water is cooled by the refrigerant by conduction in the evaporator.

Applications       

Offices Factories Hospitality Education At Home Healthcare Building & RefurbishmentProjects

CONCLUSIONS

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By working with this project we have come to conclusion. Electricity is more costly when compare to the solar energy. Expansion of the mini project we produce the water cooler by using the solar energy. Finally this will be installed in Mechanical Department VBIT.

Thank you for Your Attention!