Who Are Managers 513d63

Who are Managers? Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals

Levels Of Managers 1.First-line Managers 2.Middle Managers 3.Top Managers

First-line Managers Managers at the lowest level of organization who manage the work of nonmanagerial employees who are involved with the production or creation of organizations products

Middle Managers Managers between the first line and top level of the organization who manage the work of first-line managers

Top Managers Managers at or near the top level of the organization who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the goals and plans that affect the entire organization

What is Management The Process of coordinating work activities so that they are completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people

Efficiently Getting the most output from the least amount of inputs referred to as “doing things right”

Effectiveness Completing activities so that organizational goals are attained; referred to as “doing the right things

Principles of Management Fundamental rules of management that could be taught in universities and all organizational situations

Principles of Management 

Division of Work Specialization increases output by making employees more efficient.

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Authority Managers must be able to give orders. Authority gives them this right. Along with authority, however goes responsibility.

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Discipline Employees must obey and respect that rules that govern the organization

Principles of Management  Unity

of Command

Every employee should receive orders from only one supervisor  Unity

of Direction

The organization should have a single plan of action to guide managers and worker  Subordination

of individual interests to the general interests

The interest of any one employee or group of employee or group of employees should

Principles of Management not take precedence over the interest of the organization as a whole. 

Remuneration Workers must be paid a fair wage for their services.

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Centralization This term refer to the degree to which subordinates are involved in decision making.

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Scalar chain The line authority from top management to the lowest rank in the scalar chain.

Principles of Management 

Order People and materials should be in the right place at the right time

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Equity Managers should be kind and fair to their subordinates

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Stability of tenure of personnel Management should provide orderly

Principles of Management Personnel planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill vacancies 

Initiative Employees who are allowed to originate and carry out plans will exert high levels of effort

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Esprit de corps Promoting team spirit will build harmony and unity within the organization

DECISION MAKING

Decision A choice from two or more alternatives

Decision-Making Process A set of eight steps including identifying a problem selecting an alternative and evaluating the decisions effectiveness

Eight Steps Of Decision Making 

Identifying a Problem