Abc Dictionary Of Urinary System 4ud6h

Acute Renal Failure • Sudden and onset • Characterized by uremia • Can be fatal if not reversed properly • Can be caused by many factors: ▫ Ex: Sudden drop in blood volume/blood pressure due to injury/surgery

Bladder Retaining • A program of urinating on a schedule with increasingly longer time intervals between scheduled urination • Goal: To reestablish voluntary bladder control and to break the cycle of frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence

Cystolith • A stone located within the urinary bladder

Diabetes Insipidus • A condition in which the kidneys are unable to conserve water as they perform their function of filtering blood

Edema • Excessive fluid in the body tissues • Commonly seen in feet and ankles

Female Urethra • Approximately 1.5 inches long • Urethral meatus (external opening of urethra) located between clitoris and opening of vagina • Conveys only urine

Glomerulonephritis • Also known as Bright’s disease • Type of kidney disease caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into urine

A. Normal Glomerulus B. Glomerulonephritis

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) • A disorder that usually occurs when an infection in the digestive system produces toxic substances that destroy red blood cells, causing kidney injury

HUS and E. Coli

Incontinence • The inability to control the excretion of urine and/or feces

Jaundice • Excess of bilirubin (a yellow chemical in hemoglobin, the substance that carries oxygen in your red blood cells). • As red blood cells break down, body builds new cells to replace them. The old ones are processed by the liver. If the liver cannot handle the blood cells as they break down, bilirubin builds up in the body and your skin and eyes may look yellow.

Kegel Exercises • Named for Dr. Arnold Kegel • A series of pelvic muscle exercises used to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor to control urinary stress incontinence in women

Lupus Nephritis • Kidney inflammation caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) • SLE is an autoimmune disease —a disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks the body’s own cells and organs

Medulla (renal) • Inner region of the kidney • Contains most of the urinecollecting tubules

Nephrolith • Also known as renal calculus or a kidney stone • Stone (abnormal mineral deposit) found in the kidney

Oliguria • Scanty urination • Having a low amount of urine during urination • Clinically defined as an output of urine less than 400 milliliters

Pyelotomy • Surgical incision into the renal pelvis • This procedure is performed to correct an obstruction of the junction between the renal pelvis and the ureter

A pyelotomy would be needed if there were an obstruction between the renal pelvis and the ureter.

Quadriplegia • Injury or disease to the nervous system can affect the ability to move a part of the body. This reduced motor ability is called paralysis of the four limbs • Causes incontinence of bowel and bladder and urinary tract infection

Renal Transplantation • Commonly known as kidney transplant • The grafting of a donor kidney into the body to replace the recipient's failed kidney(s) • A single transplanted kidney is able to perform all kidney functions

Suprapubic Catheterization • The placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone

Trigonitis • Inflammation of the trigone region of the bladder

Cytoscopic appearance of trigonitis

Urethroplasty • Surgical repair of the urethra

Urethroplasty for Obliterative Bulbar Urethral Stricture

Vesicovaginal Fistula • A vaginal fistula (fistula is a age or hole that has formed between two organs in body or an organ in body and skin) that opens into the urinary tract

Wilms’ Tumor • A cancer of the kidneys that usually occurs in children

Retrograde X-ray • The visualization of the bladder with use of injection of sterile dye • Usually performed during a procedure called cystoscopy – evaluation of the bladder with an endoscope (a long, flexible lighted tube) • During a cystoscopy, contrast dye, which helps enhance the X-ray images, can be introduced into the ureters via a catheter

Yeast Infection (vaginal) • A type of vaginitis — inflammation of the vagina — characterized by vaginal irritation, intense itchiness and vaginal discharge • Affects the vagina and the tissues at the opening to the vagina (vulva).

Azot/o

• Prefix meaning urea, nitrogen

Different types of compounds of the excretions made by the urinary system