Chap5 2w2p65

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization True / False

usually include the original primary key concatenated with the key to the repeating group.

1. A table that is in first normal form is better than one that is in second normal form. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 149

a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 156

2. To correct update anomalies in a database, tables

must be converted into various types of normal forms. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 149 3. If B is functionally dependent on A, you can also say that B functionally determines A. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 151 4. Functional dependencies can be determined by looking at sample data. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 152 5. Removal of repeating groups is the starting point

in the quest to create tables that are as free of problems as possible. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 6. In general, when converting a non-first normal

form table to first normal form, the primary key will Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

7. A table that is in first normal form may contain

problems that will require you to restructure it. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 156 8. If the primary key of a table contains only a

single column, the table is automatically in first normal form. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 158 9. In a dependency diagram, the arrows below the boxes indicate the normal dependencies. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 158 10. Tables that are in second normal form do not

contain problems. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 160 11. The most recent definition of third normal form

is referred to as the Boyce-Codd normal form. a. True b. False Page 1

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 161

ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 149

12. The primary key in a table will be a determinant. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 161

17. The fact that column B is functionally dependent on column A can be written as ____. a. A ® B b. B ® A c. A ® ® B d. B ® ® A ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 151

13. Converting to third normal form always avoids

the problems related to dependencies. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 167 14. The normalization process used to convert a relation or collection of relations to an equivalent collection of third normal form tables is a crucial part of the database design process. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 171 15. By splitting relations to achieve third normal

form tables, you create the need to express interrelation constraints. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 172 Multiple Choice 16. Potential problems in the design of a relational database are known as ____. a. update anomalies b. select anomalies c. modification anomalies d. relational anomalies Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

18. If B (an attribute) is functionally dependent on A, we can also say that ____. a. A functionally determines B b. A functionally determines another attribute in the table c. B functionally determines A d. B does not determine any other attribute ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 151 19. The ____ is a column (or collection of columns) A such that all other columns are functionally dependent on A and no subcollection of the columns in A has this property. a. functional key b. composite key c. primary key d. declared key ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 153 20. The definition for ____ also defines a candidate key. a. functional key b. repeating group c. primary key d. nonkey column ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 Page 2

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization 21. A(n) ____ is a column or collection of columns on which all columns in the table are functionally dependent. a. index key b. candidate key c. major key d. special key ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 22. An alternate key is a ____. a. foreign key b. primary key c. column that could be a primary key but was not chosen d. row that could be a primary key but was not chosen ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 23. A table is in first normal form if it does not contain ____. a. repeating groups b. a foreign key c. a primary key d. alternate keys ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 24. A table that contains a repeating group is called a(n) ____. a. normalized relation b. unnormalized relation c. nominal relation d. non-nominal relation ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 25. If there is more than one possible choice for the primary key, and one of the possibilities is chosen to be the primary key, the others are referred to as ____. a. canceled keys Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

b. alternate keys c. nonkey attributes d. contributory keys ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 26. From all the ____ keys, one is chosen to be the primary key. a. alternate b. candidate c. functional d. normal ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 27. Which of the followingcontains a repeating group? a. Orders (OrderNum, OrderDate, (ItemNum, NumOrdered) ) b. Orders (OrderNum, OrderDate, ItemNum, NumOrdered ) c. Orders (OrderNum, OrderDate) d. Orders (OrderNum, ItemNum, NumOrdered ) ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155-156 28. A column is a nonkey column if it is ____. a. in first normal form b. in second normal form c. a part of the primary key d. not a part of the primary key ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 157 29. Another name for a nonkey column is a ____. a. nonkey attribute b. key attribute c. nonkey row d. key table ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 Page 3

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization REFERENCES: 157 30. Second normal form can be defined as a table that is in first normal form but that contains no ____. a. partial dependencies b. alternate keys c. nonkey columns d. interrelation constraints ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 158 31. Partial dependencies are dependencies on only a portion of the ____. a. nonkey column b. first column or attribute c. primary key d. index ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 158 32. ____ normal form has an additional condition that the only determinants the table contains are candidate keys. a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 161 33. A table is in fourth normal form when it is in third normal form and there are no ____. a. alternate keys b. foreign keys c. multivalued dependencies d. primary dependencies ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 169 34. To convert a table to fourth normal form, split the third normal form table into separate tables, each containing the column that ____ the others. Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

a. determines b. multidetermines c. defines d. identifies ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 169 35. The conversion of an unnormalized table to first normal form requires the removal of ____. a. determinants b. interrelation constraints c. nonkey columns d. repeating groups ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 171 Completion 36. The ____________________ process enables you to identify the existence of potential problems in the design of a database. ANSWER: normalization POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 149 37. A column B is ____________________ on

another column A if each value for A in the database is associated with exactly one value of B. ANSWER: functionally dependent POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 151 38. Second normal form represents an improvement over ____________________ normal form. ANSWER: first

1st POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 157 39. A column is a nonkey column if it is not a part of the ____________________. ANSWER: primary key POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 157 Page 4

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization 40. A(n) ____________________ uses arrows to

indicate all the functional dependencies present in the table. ANSWER: dependency diagram POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 158 41. Any column or collection of columns that determines another column is called a(n) ANSWER: determinant POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 161 42. By converting a given collection of tables to an equivalent third normal form collection of tables, you remove any problems arising from ____________________ dependencies. ANSWER: functional POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 167 43. In a table with columns A, B, and C, there is

a(n) ____________________ dependence of column B on column A if each value for A is associated with a specific collection of values for B and, further, this collection is independent of any values for C. ANSWER: multivalued POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 169 44. A→→ B signifies that B is ____________________ on A. ANSWER: multidependent POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 169 45. A(n) ____________________ is a condition that

involves two or more relations. ANSWER: interrelation constraint POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 172 Essay 46. Explain what normalization is, including the goal of normalization. Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

ANSWER:

Normalization is a progression in which a table that is in first normal form is better (freer from problems) than a table that is not in first normal form, a table that is in second normal form is better than one that is in first normal form, and so on. The goal of normalization is to take a table or collection of tables and produce a new collection of tables that represents the same information but that is free of update anomalies.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 149 47. Discuss what normal forms are and list the most

common normal forms. ANSWER: To correct update anomalies in a database, you must convert tables to various types of normal forms. A table in a particular normal form possesses a certain desirable collection of properties. The most common normal forms are first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), third normal form (3NF), and fourth normal form (4NF). POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 149 48. Discuss how candidate keys, primary key, and alternate keys are related. ANSWER: Like a primary key, a candidate key

is a column or a collection of columns on which all columns in the table are functionally dependent; the definition for primary key also defines a candidate key. From all the candidate keys, one is chosen to be the primary key. The candidate keys that are not chosen as the primary key are often referred to as alternate keys. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 Page 5

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization 49. What is the difference between a table in first

normal form and one in second normal form? ANSWER: A table is in first normal form if it does not contain repeating groups. A table is in second normal form if it is in first normal form and no nonkey column is dependent on only a portion of the primary key. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 155 157 50. Describe the procedure for converting a table to the third normal form. ANSWER: First, for each determinant that is

not a candidate key, remove from the table the columns that depend on this determinant (but don’t remove the determinant). Next, create a new table containing all the columns from the original table that depend on this determinant. Finally, make the determinant the primary key of this new table. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: 161

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