Study of Inventory Management
A PROJECT REPORT ON INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN BOSCH CHASSIS SYSTEMS INDIA LTD. JALGAON, (M.H.)
PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ISTRATION OF North Maharashtra University Under the Guidance of MISS. SWATI KANKARIA (FINANCE FACULTY) G.H.R.I.E.M. (Jalgaon) Submitted By: ANIKET A. RATHI M.B.A- II year
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Study of Inventory Management
Bosch Chassis Systems India Ltd. (Jalgaon)
G. H. Raisoni Institute of Engineering & Management, Jalgaon. ___________________________________________________ ____
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Study of Inventory Management CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that project work entitled “Study Of Inventory Management” Bosch Chassis System India Ltd. (Jalgaon)” is written and submitted
to Department of
Management Studies, G. H. Raisoni Institute Of Engineering and Management, Jalgaon. By Mr. ANIKET A. RATHI in partial fulfillment of requirement for the course of “Master in Business istration” during the academic year 20010-11.
The work carried out under our guidance and supervision is bonafide.
Mr. S. R. Sugandhi Swati Kankaria
Miss. (Co-coordinator) (Project Guide)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3
Study of Inventory Management
I have great pleasure in presenting this report on “Study of Inventory Management” which was done undertake at “Bosch Chassis System India Ltd. (Jalgaon)” I am thankful to my project guide Miss. Swati Kankaria, whose valuable suggestions and guidance help lot to complete this project. I am also thankful to Mr. S. R. Sugandhi, coordinator, G. H. Raisoni Institute of Engineering & Management, Jalgaon who encouraged me time to time for completing this project. I express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Ghodke sir (Asst. Manager, A/c), whose guided me in best possible manner. I also thankful to Mr. kailash patil (H.R.Manager), Bosch Chassis System India Ltd. (Jalgaon) who permitted me to undertake this project. Last but not least I would like to thanks officers and all staff of s Department, who help me with their timely suggestions and their information and cooperation giving by them which made this project a success.
Place: Jalgaon. Date:
Mr. Aniket A.
Rathi
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Study of Inventory Management
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Change is the only permanent feature of this dynamic world. What is true about this dynamic world in general is also true about the business and its allied concept in particular. The multiplicity of wants called for the original form of the business. i.e. Barter exchange. Afterwards money was introduced & industrial revolution takes place, this has changed the scenario to a greater extent. Initially there was a seller market but increased competition witnessed by the Indian economy.
Liberalization, Privatization &
Globalization is the realities of the today‟s era, in the light of which cost consideration has an inevitable importance. The inventory management has a very vital role to play in this competitive age. So the term Globalization refers to a concept that has been developed recently. In general it covers all facts of life be it political, economical, social and cultural – in particular, it is one of the most dynamic aspects of the corporate strategy
for both
survival
and
expansion of business opportunities. In the Indian context is “linking the Indian economy organically with world economy”. Thus, in a world where speed, flexibility and costs hold the key to maintain a competitive edge, an appropriate up
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Study of Inventory Management gradation of financial system is the crying need of the hour.
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that all information in this report is best on my own
fact,
finding
and
experience at
the
“BOSCH CHASSIS SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED.” And the same has not been previously submitted in any examination of this University or any other university. The project report is prepared under the eminent guidance of Miss. SWATI KANKARIYA. This information has been used purely for academic purpose.
Mr. ANIKET A. RATHI
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Study of Inventory Management MBA-II Chapter No.
Particulars
Page No.
(Finance) Place: JALGAON Date:
. 7
Study of Inventory Management 1.
Preface
2.
Introduction
3.
Company profile
4.
Research Methodology Limitations
5.
Theoretical Background
6.
Inventory Management in Bosch
7.
Ratio Analysis
8.
Findings, Conclusion & Suggestions
9.
Bibliography
10.
Annexure
INDEX
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Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER-1 PREFACE
PREFACE
As a part of the partial fulfillment of the M.B.A. programme at G.H.R.I.E.M. (Jalgaon), Summer Training was undertaken with the
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Study of Inventory Management International company, Bosch Chassis Systems India Ltd. (Jalgaon)
This project is specially designed to understand the subject matter of Inventory Management of the company. This project gives us information and report about company‟s Inventory Management. Throughout the project the focus has been on presenting information and comments in easy and intelligible manner.
The purpose of the training was to have practical experience of working in a organization and to have exposure to the various management practices in the field of Finance. This training has also given me an on the job experience of Financial Management.
This project is very useful for those who want to know about company and Inventory Management of the company.
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Study of Inventory Management PROJECT TITLE “STUDY OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT.”
REASON OF CHOOSING THE COMPANY FOR THE PROJECT In today‟s fast growing world, automobile industry is playing a very important role. As Bosch chassis Systems India Limited is one of the leading company producing brakes required by the many automobile manufacturing companies. So, the company required a huge inventory to produce the product.
LOCATION Bosch Chassis Systems India Limited Near NH-6, Bambhori, Jalgaon-425001(India)
DURATION Two Months:-Date- 01/06/2010 TO 31/07/2010
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Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER-2 INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Inventory it is a blood of any manufacturing company. Because just like a man if a man without blood then he will be death, so, therefore the same phenomenon is concerned for the company point of view. The inventory management may be defined as
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Study of Inventory Management the sum total of those activities which are necessary for the acquisition storage, sales, and disposal or used of material.
The techniques of inventory management are very useful in determining the optimum level of inventory and finding the economic order quantity, the re-order point and the safety stock. These techniques are very essential to economize the use of resources by minimizing the total inventory cost. He should introduce the policies which reduce the lead time, regulate usage and thus, minimize safety stock.
In Bosch chassis systems they are generally maintain the inventory for raw material, work -in -process and finished goods. The company is using 4 inventory control techniques i.e. ABC Analysis, FSN Analysis, KANBAN and Just in Time technique for inventory management. The Bosch has been maintained the 18 days inventory & it has tries to increased sales & reduced the storage cost. In Bosch chassis the inventory management system is run in well away. The company holds minimum stock of raw material for avoiding of wastages.
SELECTION OF TOPIC
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Study of Inventory Management
To be successful in today's fast-paced, highly-competitive environment, organizations need to have the necessary parts in stock or have reliable suppliers to meet customer demands at a moment's notice. Either way, organizations must have a practical, efficient method for managing inventory in order to stay in business and satisfy their customers.
Effective Inventory Management enables an organization to meet or exceed customers' expectations of product availability while maximizing net profits or minimizing costs.
The purpose of selection of the topic of Inventory Management is because as a student of management, I must know how to effectively manage the huge inventory and how to keep the inventory carrying cost at the minimum level by using different techniques.
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
Every study emerges to achieve certain objectives. The main objective of carrying out this project is to know and gain 14
Study of Inventory Management practical knowledge and to know the organization working culture.
Following are the important objective of the project
1. To understand the practical concept of Inventory Management.
2. To understand the various kinds of inventory and also the receipt procedure of inventory.
3. To know and analyze the management technique used in managing the inventory.
4. To study the role of management in inventory management and minimization of inventory carrying cost thereby increasing the profit of the organization.
5. To know the product profile as well as study its structure, organization etc.
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Study of Inventory Management
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of the project was related to inventory management. In this study, I analyze the inventory control techniques using ABC analysis, FSN analysis, KANBAN and Just in Time technique.
As part of the study I also analyzed the balance sheet of the company. The aim of the study was to know, how an organization manages their inventory.
Analysis of the data and interpretation of information has been done with help of table and graph. The validity of the study of this project limited for two months.
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Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER-3 COMPANY PROFILE
COMPANY PROFILE Introduction About Bosch in India:Bosch India is regional branch of the Bosch Group, one
of
the
world‟s
biggest
private
industrial
corporations. Headquartered in Stuttgart, , the Bosch Group has approx. 282 ,000 employees worldwide. The Bosch Group is a globally active and 17
Study of Inventory Management leading manufacturer and innovators of Automotive and Industrial Technology, Consumer Goods and Building Technology. In India, Bosch is represented in by its subsidiary companies - 1) Motor Industries Company Limited – MICO:-is the flagship of the Bosch group in India, established in the year 1951. Mico is the largest auto component manufacturer and the largest Indo-German company in India. 2) Robert Bosch India Limited – RBIN:-a wholly owned subsidiary of Robert Bosch GmbH, develops software and engineering solutions for all business sectors within the Bosch world in more than 15 nations across Europe, USA, Asia and Australia. 3) Bosch Rexroth India Limited – BRIN:-Provides a complete range of world-class products, systems and services for drive and control technologies to various industrial and mobile applications. 4) Bosch
Chassis System India Limited -
RBIC:-
(formerly Kalyani Brakes) is the leading manufacturer of hydraulic brakes in India for enger cars, two wheelers, three wheelers and tractors. Its plants are located in Jalgaon and Chakan in Maharashtra and Manesar near Delhi. Bosch Rexroth AG is an expert for all drive, control and motion technologies. The Industrial Technology division Bosch Rexroth India provides a complete range of excellent products, systems and services to customers in India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka
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Study of Inventory Management through its manufacturing facilities, service centers, and service Partner Asia. BOSCH CHASSIS SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED JALGAON PLANT Founded in 1886 in , by Robert Bosch, Bosch today is the largest automotive technology supplier in the world. Bosch Chassis System India Ltd. Jalgaon Plant was formerly known as Kalyani Brakes which is established in1984.Bosch Chassis Systems India Ltd. It is one of the best brake manufacturing companies in the country. This is the best leading company for manufacturing brakes in the world. In Jalgaon plant, company manufacturing four wheeler brakes & Disc - brakes of any vehicle. In this plant, company manufacturing two types of brakes i.e. Hydraulic Brake and Air Brake. For those there is near about 2500 major raw material components are required
and for
that
they
maintained proper inventory of raw material. In 1991 when Mr. Minoan Singh was Finance Minister of India, on that time they were introducing open policy. Due to this open policy this company has converted into MNC Company.
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Study of Inventory Management
CERTIFICATE
YEAR
I. S. O. 9001
DEC. 1993
Q. S.
DEC. 1999
9001
I. S. O. 14001
APR. 2000
T. S.
16949
APR. 2005
OHSAS 18001
APR. 2008
INTERNATIONAL CERTIFICATIONS
DEPARTMENTS IN JALGAON SBU
MANUFACTURING FOUNDRY – 1 & 2 MACHINING – J1 & J2 BONDING &PROCESS. ASSEMBLY QUALITY ASSURANCE STANDARD ROOM P. P. C. STORES
SERVICE ENGINEERING PROD. ENGINEERING MGT. SERVICE DEPT. FINANCE MATERIALS H. R. D. MAINTENANCE 1984
Year of Start
378,250 m 2
Land Area
1400 Nos.
Employee Strength 20
Study of Inventory Management
COMPANY'S HISTORY 1982 -
KBX incorporated as a t Stock Company
1983 -
Technical & Financial Collaboration with Bendix Corporation, USA
1984 -
Commercial production started at Jalgaon in
Maharashtra (India) 1987 -
Established an exclusive Sheet Metal Stamping
Unit at Pune in Maharashtra 1988 -
Established an Aluminium Foundry with NABCO Technology
1991 -
Established Rubber Seal manufacturing subsidiary
in Collaboration With Bendix, Spain at Pune.(A dedicated Source to KBX) 1993 -
Set-up an Assembly Plant at Gurgaon for
J.I.T.supplies to Maruti Udyog Limited 1995 -
NABCO ed the company as equity partner
after 11 Years of Technical Collaboration
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Study of Inventory Management 1997 -
Start-up of a new modernized Plant at Chakan near
Pune 1999 -
Collaboration Agreement with M/s Titan Italia,
SpA, Italy for Manufacturing Tractor Brakes 1999 -
Collaboration Agreement with M/s Brembo SpA,
Italy for Manufacturing of Two Wheeler Brake Systems & Components 2001 -
Collaboration Agreement with M/s Japan Brake
Industrial Company Limited, Japan for manufacturing of Brake 2001 -
Collaboration Agreement with M/s Fukoku, Japan
for Manufacturing of EPDM Rubber Seals (for PSML) 2002 -
Shifting of Gurgaon Plant to a larger Plant at
Industrial Township at Manesar, Haryana. 2002 -
New, second Plant at Jalgaon, Major expansion of Aluminium Foundry
2003 -
New F-2 fully atomized foundry AWARDS
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Study of Inventory Management
Jan. 07, 2010: NDTV Car & Bike Award - „Automotive technology of the year‟ This accolade recognizes the contributions made by Bosch in India, for localizing ABS (Antilock Braking System) production. Bosch is the only automotive supplier to manufacture ABS in India for enger cars and light commercial vehicles. ABS is crucial to safety while driving, as it makes braking safer, by preventing the wheels from locking.
April 15, 2009: DHL –„ CNBC TV18 International Trade Award‟ Bosch won this honor in the category of auto component industry, for doing extremely well in exports through its low-cost solutions. The award recognizes the company‟s commitment and innovations that address the needs of the Indian market, and keep Brand India alive.
Jan. 7, 2009: UTVi Autocar Award
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Study of Inventory Management
Bosch and Mahindra & Mahindra won the „Best Innovation of the Year‟ UTVi Autocar Award. The award recognizes Bosch innovation start/stop system which contributes to fuel efficiency at a very reasonable cost. The Mahindra Bolero Micro Hybrid is the first vehicle in India to integrate this technology in their new car.
QUALITY POLICY
Each and every member of Bosch Chassis Systems India Limited Team will put in His / Her best endeavour in a systematic manner to optimise:
1) Quality and Reliability of product / services to reach global Standards.
2) Productivity of all resources - Human and Material.
3) Profitability to ensure growth, fair returns to Shareholders and good living standard to our employees.
4) Utility of our operations to the community and the nation at large. 24
Study of Inventory Management
5) Sensitivity towards our customers, employees, vendors, society and Environment.
VISION / MISSION / VALUES OF BOSCH
Vision Achieve global recognition as a world class brake system supplier.
Mission Create an export-worthy Business, by adopting Lean Manufacturing Principles, continuous up-gradation of design and manufacturing Technology, continual improvement in quality, competitiveness and
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Study of Inventory Management Environmental management systems.
Values We strongly believe in the Leadership Capability of individuals and in the Power of Cross Functional Teams.
We will encourage innovation and decision making to achieve total Customer satisfaction.
We will ensure the highest standards of business ethics and integrity in all Our actions.
QUALITY OBJECTIVES – CY 10 1. Meet Manpower ratio of Jalgaon Operations 2.5 Lacs/man/month.
2. Reduce item wise internal rejection / rework compared to previous Year by 26
Study of Inventory Management 20% where ever rejection /rework more than 1.0% 10% where ever rejection/rework up to 1.0%
3. Reduce QPCRs and PDRs by 20 % from current level.
4.
Meet overall zero kilometer customer rejection, below 05
PPM.
5.
Reduce overall warranty PPM rejection by 20% from
current level.
6.
Reduce Suppliers PPM rejection by 30% from current
level.
7.
Achieve overall Training ratio as 3 man-
days/person/year.
8.
Maintain overall Inventory level of 24 days.
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Study of Inventory Management
PRODUCTS PROFILE
PRODUCTS BOOSTER
ROTOR
TMC
DRUM BRAKE
DISC BRAKE
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Study of Inventory Management
LOCATION OF DRUM BRAKE IN A CAR
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Study of Inventory Management
ORGANIZATION FLOW CHART OF BOSCH LTD, JALGAON.
BOSCH Ltd JALGAON
TECHNICAL
COMMERCIAL
MANUFACTURING OF DISC BRAKE.
PURCHASE
MANUFACTURING OF BOOSTER,ROTOR AND TMC. S MANUFACTURING OF DRUM BRAKE.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT
PERSONNEL / HUMAN RESOURCE
ENVIRONMENTAL & SAFETY DEPARTMENT
INFORMATION TECHNICAL FUNCTIONS
SYSTEMS
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Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER-4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology is the process of collecting the information and helps to find out the solution to the topic selected by the researcher. Whereas Research helps to study and find out the techniques with the proper process. It is a systematic way of presenting information. Research methodology is the way to systematically solve the research problem.
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Study of Inventory Management In order to collect the required information for the project the following methods were adopted:Research Methodology
Primary Method
Secondary Method
Primary Method
Secondary Method
Questionnaires
Schemes
Observation
Books/ Magazine
Discussion
Website
Primary Data The data is collected from the concerned staff of the company from the s department of the organization by interviewing them personally. The data was also collected with the purpose of evaluation.
Secondary Data 32
Study of Inventory Management Secondary data is provided by the organization in various forms. It includes referring of the manual of the company, from the
previously
recorded
information
in
the
s
department, local intranet facility provided by the organization and from the internet.
Research Process A research is a process of a systematic and in depth study or research of any particular topic, subject or area of investigation, backed by the collection, compilation, presentation and interpretation of relevant details or data.
The process and steps of research are as follows:Define Research Problem→ Review concepts and theories→ Formulate Hypothesis→ Research Design→ Collect Data→ Analysis Data→ Interpret and Report→ .
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Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER-5 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
MEANING AND DEFINITION OF INVENTORY
The term inventory is originated from the French word Inventaire and the Latin Inventariom which implies a list of things found. The term “inventory” has a wider meaning then the term “Materials” or “store”.
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Study of Inventory Management According to the “Institute of Chartered ant of India” inventory means “Tangible Property” held a) For sale in the ordinary course of business. b) In the process of production for sale. c) For rendering of services.
The term inventory refers to the stockpile of the products a firm is offering for sales and the components that make up the product. Inventories are the stocks of the product of a company, manufacturing for sale and the components that make up the product. The various forms in which inventories exist in manufacturing company are (1) raw material (2) work-in process, (3) finish goods and (4) store and spares. However, in commercial parlance, inventory usually includes store, raw material, workin process and finish goods. The term inventory includes – raw material, work-in process, finish goods packaging, spares and others stocked in order to meet an unexpected demand or distribution in the future.
CLASSIFICATION OF INVENTORIES
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Study of Inventory Management
Classification of Inventory
Finished goods Production Inventory
MRO inventory
Work-in Progress
1. Production Inventory In production inventory there are two types of production inventory that are as follows: a) Material, which are purchases from the market like raw material and readymade Parts & components require for manufacturing of equipment. b) Special part or component manufactured in once own company & kept in stock for uses in manufacturing. 2.
Maintenance
Repair
Operating
supplies
(MRO
Inventory) There are material purchase from vendor & require for Maintenance or production process. 3. Work in progress There are semi-finished products in various stages of production on the factory floor. 4. Finished goods inventory 36
Study of Inventory Management These consist of manufactured kept in warehouses or retail outlets & are meet for sale.
RISKS & COST ASSOCIATED WITH INVENTORIES
Holding of inventories exposes the firm to a number of risks & costs. Risk of holding inventories can be put as follows:-
i) Price decline This may be due to increase in the market supply of the product, introduction of a new competitive product price-cutting by the competitors etc. ii) Product deterioration This may be due to holding a product for too long a period for too long a period or improper storages condition. iii) Obsolescence This may be due to change in customers taste, new production technique improvements in the product design, specifications etc.
THE COSTS OF HOLDING INVENTORY
i) Material costs This includes the cost of purchasing the goods, transportation and handling charges less any discount allowed by the supplier of goods. ii) Ordering costs 37
Study of Inventory Management This includes the variable cost associated with placing an order for the goods. The fewer the orders lower will be the ordering costs for the firm. iii) Carrying cost This includes the exposes for storing the goods. It comprises storage costs, insurance costs, spoilage costs, cost of funds tied up in inventory.
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IS A NECESSARY EVIL
Inventory is usually considered the “necessary evil” affecting your business cash flow. It is „necessary‟ because supply & demand never coincide precisely; it is an „evil‟ because it ties up cash. So here are some considerations that businesses are taking to minimize its necessity:
Reduce inventory: - Be careful though, inventory is a bigger problem For some businesses than for others. Service firms may not have much inventory apart from stationary. Manufacturers, on the other hand, have raw materials, work in progress, and finished goods. The key is to maintain adequate but not excessive inventory.
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Study of Inventory Management Monitor inventory more often:- Don‟t let items sit idle! Consider automated inventory management software for inventory identification and control.
PURPOSE OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT 1.To maintain independence of operations Provide “optimal” amount of cushion between work centers Ensure smooth work flow 2.To allow flexibility in production scheduling 3.To meet variation in product demand 4.To provide a safeguard for variation in raw material or parts delivery time Protect against supply delivery problems (strikes, weather, natural disasters, war, etc.) 5.To take advantage of economic purchase-order size
BENEFITS OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT 39
Study of Inventory Management 1.
Reduced stocking costs resulting from efficient matching
of requirements to stock. 2.
Re-order recommendations highlight urgent needs. Help
prevent Stock-outs. 3.
Instant access to 24 month usage pattern aids decision
making reveals trends. Old data easily purged. 4.
Automatic capture on audit trail of all stock movement
details helps resolve. 5.
Instant month-end valuation of receipt, issues adjustment
etc. 6.
Rapid stock and work-in progress evaluation.
7.
True multi-location without constraints.
8.
Easy monitoring of slow moving stocks.
9.
Automation of inventory checking cycles ensures that items
are not forgotten. Improves accuracy. 10. Automatic tracking of scrap rates and recalculation of safety levels reduces effort, improves control. 11. ABC analysis system focused attention on high value stock holdings.
INVENTORY CONTROL SYSTEM
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Study of Inventory Management An inventory lays a very important role in the determination of the profile of the Business. The management should make a decision to when the quantities to order according to the requirement & the number of units to be kept in hands. There are three types of inventories that are raw material, work in process, & finished goods. In order to establish and develop a sound inventory, inventory control system it is necessary to consider the following factors: . Type of the business . The results to be achieved by the system. . The relevant system to be implemented.
ESSENTIALS OF INVENTORY CONTROL SYSTEM If the inventory control system is to be effective the following consideration are to be taken 1. Maintenance of proper record with regard to the units and the value of Various Items of the Inventories.
2. To ensure proper control over the receipt and of issue of the materials.
3. Materials should be properly identified and proper storage of facilities Should be made available for the location of the same.
4. There should be well-trained & capable person who should be
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Study of Inventory Management entrusted with the responsibility of the implementation of the system to enable to perform their duties effectively.
5.
There should be proper co-ordination of the inventory
control system with the other department of business such as sales, purchases, & production department.
PRICING OF RAW MATERIAL Pricing of Raw Material: Several methods are used for pricing inventories used in production. The important one‟s are:-
FIFO Method: This method assumes that the order in which materials are received in the Stores is the order in which they are issued from the store. Hence, the material which is issued first is priced on the basis of the cost of material received earliest and so on.
LIFO Method: This method is the opposite of the FIFO method. It assumes that the Material, which is purchased, last is issued first. Hence, material issues are priced on the basis of the cost of most recent purchases. 42
Study of Inventory Management
Weighted Average Method: Under this method, materials issued are priced at the weighted average Cost of materials in the stock.
VALUATION OF STOCK
There are three important types of inventories carried by a manufacturing Organization. . Raw Material Inventory. . Work in Process inventory. . Finished goods inventory. The valuation of work in process & finished goods inventory depends on i) The method used for pricing materials ii) The manner in which fixed manufacturing overhead costs are treated. Since, the methods for pricing materials have been discussed earlier. It us
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Study of Inventory Management look at how fixed manufacturing overhead cost are treated. For, this Purpose two systems of costing viz., direct costing & absorption Costing are used. Under direct costing, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are treated as period costs and not as product costs. Put differently, they are charged directly to the income statement and hence, not reflected in the valuation of inventories under absorption costing, on the other hand, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are treated as product (inventor able) costs and not period costs. Hence, inventory valuation reflects on allocated shares of fixed manufacturing overhead cost. Further, when the inventory level increases, the reported profit under direct costing is lower than the reported profit under absorption costing. By the Same token, when the inventory level decreases, the reported profit under direct Costing is higher than what it is under absorption costing.
INVENTORY CONTROL TECHNIQUES
Inventory control techniques are employed by the inventory control organization within the framework of one of the basic inventory models, viz. Fixed order quantity systems or fixed order period system. Inventory control techniques represent the 44
Study of Inventory Management operational aspect of inventory management and help realize the objectives inventory management and control. Several techniques of inventory control are in use and it depends on the convenience of the firm to adopt of the techniques. What should be stressed, however, is the need to cover all items of inventory and all stages, i.e. from the stage of receipt from supplies to the stage of their use. The techniques are most commonly used are the following, . Always better control (ABC) analysis . Fast moving, slow moving and Non-moving (FSN) analysis . Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) . Maximum - Minimum technique . Bin card system (KAN – BAN) . Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) . Just In time (JIT) . VED Analysis
ABC ANALYSIS A firm may use different types of inventories. Some items may be very costly and/or slow moving whereas others are inexpensive.
For effective inventory management it is
desirable to exercise rigorous control over those items whose 45
Study of Inventory Management Value is the highest and/ or slowest moving & pay little attention to relatively less costly items. This approach
of
selective control is popularly known as „ABC‟ Analysis or „Always Better Control‟ Analysis. The following procedure is suggested for developing an ABC analysis:1. List each item carried in inventory by number or some other designation. 2. Determine the annual volume of usage & rupee value of each item. 3. Multiply each item‟s annual volume of usage by its rupee value. 4. Compute each items percentage of the total inventory in of annual usage in rupees. 5. Select the top 10 percent of all items, which have the highest rupee Percentage and classify them as „A‟ item. 6. Select the next 20 percent of all items with the next highest rupee Percentage and designate them „B‟ items. 7. The next 70 percent of all items with the lowest rupee percent age are „C‟items. ABC ANALYSIS OF RAW MATERIAL CATEGORY
NO. OF ITEM (%)
46
ITEM VALUE (%)
Study of Inventory Management A
10
70
B
20
20
C
70
10
TOTAL
100
100
80 70 60 50 NO. OF ITEMS(%)
40
ITEM VALUE(%)
30 20 10 0 A
B
C
Interpretation:-As per the ABC analysis of Raw Material, in the A category 10 % materials, approximately value
70 %. In
the B category item of 20%, approximately value 20 %, and in the C category 70 % no. of items, value approximately 10 %.
FAST MOVING, SLOW MOVING AND NON-MOVING (FSN) ANALYSIS
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Study of Inventory Management FSN stands for fast moving, slow moving and non-moving. Here classification is based on the pattern of issue from stores & is useful in controlling obsolescence. To carry out an FSN analysis the data of receipts or the last date of issue, whichever is later, is taken to determine the number of months, which have lapped since the last transaction, the are usually grouped in periods of 12 months.
MINIMUM --MAXIMUM TECHNIQUE The minimum – maximum system is often used in connection with manual inventory control systems. The minimum quantity is established in the same way as any re – order the point, the maximum is the minimum quantity plus the optimum lot - size. In practice, a requisition is initiated, when a withdrawal it reduces the inventory below the minimum level, & the order quantity is the maximum minus the inventory below the minimum level, and the order quantity is the maximum minus the inventory status after the withdrawal. If the final withdrawal reduces the stock level
substantially
below the minimum level, the order
quantity will be higher than the calculated EOQ.
BIN CARD SYSTEM (KAN-BAN) For each kind of material a bin card is a maintained and attached to bins or racks on which material is stored. It gives a running record of receipts, issuers and balance of stock. An entry will be made or ed from a basic voucher or a 48
Study of Inventory Management document at the time of each receipt and issue and final balance is arrived at (Calculated). These cards should tally with relevant s in the stores ledger.
ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ) How much to order – Major decision area where focus on decision regarding how much Quantity to order at a time is important case of inventory management. Number of techniques has been developed to help managers in this decision. Most widely used technique is “Economic order Quantity”. which represents the size of an order for which the total cost is minimum economy in purchasing. Total cost for this purpose consist 2 major costs – a) Ordering cost or procurement cost. b) Carrying / Holding cost. Where,
These two types of cost are opposed to one another. The ordering cost decrease while carrying cost increases with every increase in Qty of purchase order. So the management has to take decision that there will be balance between 2 opposing cost to have EOQ with minimum total cost.
How to calculate EOQ:1) Mathematical approach – calculate by formula.
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Study of Inventory Management 2 AB EOQ
=
--------
(in units)
CxS Where, A = Annual usage in units B = Cost of placing an order C = cost per unit S = Carrying cost as a percentage of Aug inventory. If EOQ determined in of rupees where annual usage expressed in rupees by formula Annual usage = annual usage unit X unit cost. MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING (MRP) The discussion in inventory we had till now may be called a classical approach to inventory management and control, a somewhat a more elaborate and improved approach, called Materials Requirement Planning (MRP), has been developed in recent years and is gaining popularity in industry.MRP is a new solution to an old problem: having stock of materials always on hand when needed without carrying excess in entry. Highly dependent upon computer technology. The technique separates the various components and co-ordinates purchasing and delivery with production and. At the same time reduces the length of time when materials will be needed to meet the previously planned production schedule. 50
Study of Inventory Management
JUST IN TIME Popularly known in its acronym JIT. Just in time is highly discussed in materials management circles these days. The concept is alternatively known as ZIPS (Zero Inventory Production System), MAN (Material as Needed), NOT (nick of time), or ZIN (Zero Inventory).As a concept, JIT means that virtually no inventories are held at any stage of production and that exact number of units achieved. The plant has a long line of racks waiting outside with full loads of automotive parts and components for the assembly line. As soon as one truck comes out at one end of the plant, another gets inside. There is no warehouse for the parts for example, are fed to the production line directly from the back of the truck.
VED ANALYSIS In this technique, inventory items are divided into three categories in the descending order of their critically. Thus „V‟ item includes vital items which need more attention because stock out of such items will result in halt age of production. These items must be stored adequately so as to ensure uninterrupted functioning of the plant. In „E‟ items are included those which are essential for efficient functioning of the operating system. Care has to be taken to ensure that they are always in stock. „D‟ stands for desirable items which do not have bearing on the production immediately but availability of 51
Study of Inventory Management such items will lead to more efficiency and less fatigue. VED Analysis can be very useful to capital intensive process industries.
CHAPTER-6 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN BOSCH
TYPES OF STOCK DEPARTMENT IN BOSCH In Bosch they are formulated the four types of stock department for store the material they are as follows:1. Receiving goods store Department 2. Direct Material Department 52
Study of Inventory Management 3. Indirect Material Department 4. Maintenance Department Now the functions of each department are as follows:-
1. Receiving Goods Store Department In this type of store department after receiving the goods as per concern with the order of customer or various types of goods send by a supplier arranging properly in this department. Firstly, when the material come on a gate then by the gatekeeper or security are check the quantity and the gate no. as per as p.o. i.e. purchase order. And after they are sending to the quality assurance & then for the store they are send into the Receiving store. And those are the manager of the store then he checks it in his under observation, and divides as per requirement of the production department.
2. Direct Material Department In the direct Material department mainly two types of stores. i) Finished goods stores Whatever raw material are in warded in receiving stores (as per given above) are checked by quality control department and accepted material are stores in finished goods stores. ii) Semi finished goods Stores If material sent by vendor is required, after as per vendor requirement Some process on it then these material are store in semi finished stores for further process. It may goes in machine shop, plating shop, bonding shop, process shop for
53
Study of Inventory Management blacodising, phospeting, power coating etc. In direct material stores BOSCH apply Kan-Ban System. 3. Indirect Material Department It includes materials which are indirectly used for making brakes. It means ive material like – Methanol, Ethanol, oil, cotton waste, thinner, adhesive warnish, tools , cutting oil , brake oil, drills , Allen key, diesel, gases, etc. there are certain material which required special care and for that Bosch also maintain cold storage. Raw materials are like thinner, warnish, araldite, required control temperature from 6c0 to 26c0. Here Bosch apply 5 S system & which keep material away from dirt, dust & eliminate search, arrange in sequence, neat & clean.
4. Maintenance department It includes material required for maintenance of machinery for making brakes. It includes electrical goods, electronic goods, rubber belts, etc. there are some self life item like rubber belts & for that Bosch apply FIFO method.
All rejected materials are
return to the vendor by making rejection delivery challan.
54
Study of Inventory Management
PROCESS OF RECEIPT OF MATERIALS Goods are received By the security personnel
Entry is made in the Gate Inward (‘GI’)
Stores informs QC about
Daily Process
the receipt of goods and samples are collected for testing
Physical verification is conducted by contractual labour and Supervised by Stores
Stores Executive prepares the GRN against the PO created in SAP GI is manually reconciled with 55
the GRN prepared by Stores to ensure
Monthly Process
Study of Inventory Management
INVENTORY SYSTEM IN BOSCH
1. Perpectual Inventory System 2. Periodic Inventory System This are two important inventory systems follow by the Bosch are as follows:1. Perpetual Inventory System This is a system of maintaining records of physical movement of stock its correct balance and regular checking of stock. Perpetual means continuous Inventory system. In this company the store manager are keep records of all raw materials inventory daily and also maintain a value of stock of each individual item of stores at all times when demanded.
2. Periodic Inventory System In the company P.P.C. i.e. Production Planning Control department and Marketing department are decide the time of the production and maintain the Scheduling like 18, 20, 30 days and start the production activities & according to this period they are maintain the 18 days inventory in the Bosch. For raw Materials & maintain the inventory in the periodic system the
quality
56
and value Inventory are
Study of Inventory Management reviewed as a fixed time intervals i.e. weekly, monthly, or quarterly.
The stock position in 2009, month wise in Bosch as follows
Stores Stock-09 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
57
JUN
JULY
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
Study of Inventory Management
BOSCH TECHNIQUES FOR INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
Bosch is used following techniques for control the inventory:1. ABC Analysis 2. JIT Technique 3. KanBan Technique 4. FSN & Re-Order Level. They are explaining as follows:-
1. ABC ANALYSIS ABC analysis is a basic analytical material management technique which enables top management to gear the efforts. So that, output will be maximized this technique is popularly known as “always better control”. In Bosch Company ABC it is based on the value based technique. The ABC categorization of raw material it is a depends upon the value of raw material. As per the policy of BOSCH Ltd., The top 70% of the total stock value is considered to be the “A Class” items, e.g. Aluminum, Ferro, liners, back spares etc. The next 20% of the total stock Value of the items is the “B Class” items e.g. spring, 58
Study of Inventory Management stickers,
rubber
components,
plastics
etc.Whereas,
the
remaining 10% of the items are considered to be the “C Class” Items.E.g. washer, nut bolt, springs etc.
ABC ANALYSIS IN BOSCH Item Stock Code Annual Value in Material category Rs. 3,056 C P1500306 P1500570
85,075
B
P1509173
2,475
C
P1550974
13,998
C
P1551514
7,889
C
P6022916
4,92,920
A
P6022935
16,443
C
P6023011
12,335
C
P6023030
17,885
C
P6201209P
5,57,080
A
P6306087P
8,065
C
P6306816P
4,876
C
P6306820P
40,050
B
P6306912P
13,734
C
P6306927P
95,220
B
P6306931P
79,655
B
P6401012P
7,440
C 59
Study of Inventory Management P6503318P
19,348
C
P7431107
16,789
C
P7431536
5,667
C
Rs.15,00,000
A P6022916 P6201209P 10% of 20 items 70% of Rs.15,00,000
B P1500570 P6306820P P6306931P P6306931P 20% of 20 items 20% of Rs.15,00,000
C All 14 remaining items 70% Of 20 items 10%of Rs.15,00,000
No. of Items 16 14 12 10 8
No. of Items
6 4 2 0 A
B
60
C
Study of Inventory Management
Items Value(In Rs.) 1200000 1000000 800000 600000
Items Valu(In Rs.)
400000 200000 0 A
B
C
2. JIT (JUST IN TIME)TECHNIQUE The just-in-time it is an newly developed technique for inventory mgt. The inventory it is an dead money of the every company. So, therefore they are today used JIT Technique for to minimize their dead money. The major benefit of JIT is the co. can purchased the raw materials in the few hours. In the JIT technique three parties are involved. i.e. Company
←
Logistics
←
Vendors The vendor supplies the material to the logistics not directly to the company. & then co. has picked up the material as per their requirement and start the production activities. JIT it is saved
61
Study of Inventory Management the time as well as minimize the space of the raw material for the store. It‟s a major benefit of JIT to the Bosch Company.
3. KAN-BAN TECHNIQUE Kan-ban it is a Japanese technique for maintain the inventory of raw material. it is newly developed technique in the modern companies. It is also called as “two-bin system”. In the Kan-Ban system the store keeper has been checked the racks regularly and refilling the raw material in that racks regularly. If the any rack boxes is empty then the production line is disturb. So therefore, there is need to refilling the all racks regularly by the store keeper.
4. FSN & RE-ORDER LEVEL FSN FSN means Fast Moving, Slow Moving & Non Moving components (raw Material) in the Bosch Chassis Ltd. They are divided the 3 categories product i.e. A, B, & C and they are follows fixed slab for the FSN levels. 62
Study of Inventory Management i) F: - The Fast moving raw materials are continuously moving from stock dept. to Production dept. ii) S: -In the Slow Moving Material they are issues less than 10% of stock for the Production process. iii) N:-In the non moving product the dividation is made on the basis of A, B, & C Now the method for non moving in Bosch as follows: → A: - The „A‟ category raw materials are not moving before the 4 months. → B: - The „B‟ category raw materials are not moving before the 6 months. → C: - The „C‟ category raw materials are not moving before the 12 months.
RE-ORDER LEVEL In the Bosch Ltd. Re-order level is followed for only indirect material. When the quantity reaches to certain burden then fresh order is place again for new lot of materials, such level is done as per order level.
63
Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER- 7 RATIO ANALYSIS
INVENTORY TURNOVER RATIO Inventory turnover ratios are calculated to indicate whether inventories have been used efficiently or not. For 2007
64
Study of Inventory Management
Sales Avg. Inventory 5,30,67,62,000
44,34,50,000 = 11.97 times.
For 2008 Sales Avg. Inventory
5,31,16,92,000 56,39,00,000 = 9.48 times.
For 2009
65
Study of Inventory Management
Sales Avg. Inventory
5,92,32,04,000 61,14,44,000
= 9.69 times.
Inventory TurnoverRatio 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2007
2008
2009
Interpretation This ratio shows how rapidly the inventory is turning into receivable through sales. The inventory turnover ratio is 11.97 in 2007. It is decreased up to 9.48 in 2008. And it is 9.69 in 2009. The above analysis shows that the inventory management is very efficient throughout the period of study. INVENTORY HOLDING PERIOD
66
Study of Inventory Management
For 2007 365 Inventory Turnover Ratio 365 11.97
= 30.49 = 30 Days.
For 2008 365 Inventory Turnover Ratio 365 9.48
= 38.50 = 39 Days. For 2009
67
Study of Inventory Management
365 Inventory Turnover Ratio
365 9.69 = 37.67 = 38 Days.
Inventory Holding Period 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2007
2008
68
2009
Study of Inventory Management RAW MATERIAL INVENTORY TURNOVER RATIO For 2007 Annual consumption of raw material Avg. raw material inventory
3,30,12,19,000 25,07,20,000
= 13.17
For 2008 Annual consumption of raw material Avg. raw material inventory
3,56,19,13,000 33,91,15,000
= 10.50 For 2009
69
Study of Inventory Management
Annual consumption of raw material Avg. raw material inventory 3,89,52,11,000 32,12,74,000
= 12.12
Raw Material Inventory Turnover Ratio 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2007
2008
2009
FINISHED GOODS INVENTORY TURNOVER RATIO 70
Study of Inventory Management For 2007 Cost of goods sold Avg. inventory of finished goods at cost
5,30,67,62,000 6, 99, 32,000
=75.88
For 2008 Cost of goods sold Avg. inventory of finished goods at cost
5,31,16,92,000 11, 49, 46,000
=46.21
For 2009
Cost of goods sold
71
Study of Inventory Management
Avg. inventory of finished goods at cost
5,92,32,04,000 13, 77, 54,000.5
= 42.99
Finished Goods Inventory Turnover Ratio 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2007
2008
2009
INVENTORIES (Rs. In Thousands)
72
Study of Inventory Management Current Assets Raw Materials and Components Stores & spares
31-12-2008 4,12,357
31-12-2009 2,54,286
42,217
34,320
Work-In-Progress Finished Goods TOTAL
52,493 1,35,841 6,42,908
1,51,705 1,39,668 5,79,979
INTERPRETATION The above table shows that the total inventory in the year 2009 is at Rs.5, 79,979 as against of Rs. 6, 42,908 in the year 2008, which reflects that liquidity position is good. The above table shows that there has been decrease in stocks in the current year as against to last year, which indicates that sales have taken place significantly in the current year that is 2009.
73
Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER-8 FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTION
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION
Observation:
In 2008 the company has low inventory
turnover ratio i.e. 9.48 times but in 2009 it is 9.69 times. Conclusion:
The above analysis shows that the inventory
management is efficient throughout the period of study.
Observation:
The inventory holding period is 39 days in
2008, and in the year 2009 it is 38 days.
74
Study of Inventory Management Conclusion:
It shows that there is not much difference
between the holding period ratio but it is good for company‟s point of view that the company is holding inventory for minimum days.
Observation: The total inventory in the year 2009 is at Rs.5, 79,979 as against Of Rs. 6, 42,908 in the year 2008. Conclusion:
It reflects that the liquidity position of the
company is good. The Above figure shows that there has been decrease in stocks in the Current year as
against to last year, which
indicates that sales have taken place significantly in the current year that is 2009.
In Bosch chassis the inventory management system is run in well away. The company holds minimum stock of raw material for avoiding of wastages. The company uses just-in-time [JIT] inventory system. The company also uses the ABC Analysis, FSN Analysis, KANBAN techniques for inventory management. The Bosch has been maintained the 18 days inventory & it has tries to increased sales & reduced the storage cost. In Bosch chassis systems they are generally maintain the inventory for raw material, work -in -process and finished goods. 75
Study of Inventory Management
SUGGESTIONS 1. Inventory is major part of company. So, the company should have better Management of inventory.
2. Proper training & guidance to the workers should gives for handling the material & operation process with due care.
3. The company should have maintained the maintenance department of machines. Because it‟s avoids interruption in production system.
4. The company should maintain the appropriate the stock of raw material & avoided the maximum level of inventory.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1. Inventory management is the continuous process & it may study over a year. But field work for 60 days only, and it is a vast topic also, so study and analysis on this topic within this limited period was not sufficient.
2. Due to the busy schedule, some of the staff were not in a position to spare time for guiding the topic or giving any information. 76
Study of Inventory Management
3. All the programs are going under SAP System so there are the limitations regarding the
analysis of the data without of
that company only. 4. Maximum secondary data is used.
CHAPTER-9 BIBLIOGRAPHY
77
Study of Inventory Management BIBLIOGRAPHY
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT - Bhagirath Singh.
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - Mr. Ravi M. Kishore . PRODUCTION & OPERATION MANAGEMENT - Dr. B.S.Goel
ANNUAL REPORT Companies Annual Report 2007. Companies Annual Report 2008. Companies Annual Report 2009.
WEBSITE www.boschindia.com
78
Study of Inventory Management
CHAPTER-10 ANNEXURE
Balance sheet as on December 31,2007 Rs. In Thousands [TINR] Particulars Sources of funds Shareholders fund Capital Reserve & Surplus Loan Funds Secured Loans
Schedule
79
Amt.
1. 2.
207930 1795253
3.
12184
Amt.
2003183
Study of Inventory Management Unsecured Loans Deferred Tax Liability(Net)
4.
Application Of Funds Fixed Assets Gross Block Less-Depreciation Net Block Capital Work- in –Progress
5.
Investments Current assets, Loans & Advances Interest accrued on invest. Inventories Sundry debtors Cash & Bank Balances Loans & Advances Less-current Liabilities and Provisions Liabilities Provisions Net Current Assets
425109 TOTAL
437293 44500 2484976
2556930 1293359 1263571 256746
1520317
6.
360796
7. 8. 9. 10.
10321 482085 1019716 146786 341954 2000862
11. 1140979 256020 1396999 TOTAL
ABSTRACT As the title of the project s ug g es t , i t i s a l l a bo u t t he s t u dy o f th e investment habits of working women in Bhubaneswar & the aim of the study is to find out the cause of such behavior. T h e number of working women is consistently i n c r e a s i n g i n Bhubaneswar. It is seen that working women, as a growing segmentof the population, is increasingly becoming more aware of financialservices 80
603863 2484976
Study of Inventory Management and the various investment options that are available in themarket. The women now in the Tier-2 & Tier-3 cities arebecoming more independent and responsible. They want to securet h e i r f u t ur e a n d w a n t t o ma ke mo r e r e t ur ns o n t hei r i nv es tm e nt. Their thinking and perception is changing and they are more likely tot a k e r i s k a nd a da p t to t he f ea tu r es o f v a r i o u s f i n a n c i a l s er v i c e s products.
T h us , p a r t i ci pa ti o n o f w o m e n i n ca p i ta l m a r k e t r el a t e d investments has given an all together new segment to the financialsector, which is growing very steadily.Wi t h t hi s p r o j e ct I g e t a n o p po r t u ni ty to m e et w o me n , w o r ki ng i n various sectors in the city of Bhubaneswar & analyze their investingbehavior & patterns.
AbhisekMitra, U408001 1
81
Study of Inventory Management
82
Study of Inventory Management
Consumer Behavior Project LITERATURE REVIEW Financial services in India http://www.mumbaispace.com/financialplanning/financialservices-in-india.htm I n l a s t f ew y e a r s , I n d i a ha s em er g e d a s t h e o n e o f t h e mo s t r a pi dl y g r o w i ng e c o no mi e s i n t he w o r l d. I n d i a ha s b ee n ca t eg o r i z ed w i t h nations like Brazil, Russia and China (BRIC Nations) who are going to be the prime drivers of world economy in next few decades. Since thet i m e, I n di a f i r s t o p e ne d i ts g a te s to f o r ei g n i nv es tm e nt (F D I & F I I ), there has been a complete turnaround. Now the traditional Hindu rateof growth is a thing of past and clocking 8%-9% GDP growth rate is thecommon norm. India along with other Asian powerhouse China makesfor the fastest growing nations in the entire world. E v e n i f w e t a k e t h e c a s e o f o n g o i n g g l o b a l r e c e s s i o n , I n d i a h a s managed to perform far better than other nations. Right from bankingsystem to financial regularities, the country has thrived on disciplinea n d o u t - p e r f o r m a n c e . T h e b o o m i n g I n d i a n e c o n o m y r e s u l t e d i n widespread growth and arrival of new industries. The most sparkling phenomenon is in form of financial market of India. A
bhisekMitra, U408001 2
83
Study of Inventory Management
84
Study of Inventory Management
Consumer Behavior Project F i n a n ci a l s er v i c es i n I nd i a ha s ta ke n a g i a n t l ea p f r o m t h e da y s o f s t a n d i n g i n b a n k s q u e u e for several hours for opening a s a v i n g or trying to get some fixed deposits (FD) done. The financial serviceshave increased manifold and now people have the choice to chooset h e o n e t h a t m o s t s u i t a b l y f i t s t h e b i l l . T h e r e a r e s ev er a l s er v i c es l i k e b r o ki n g f i r ms , investment services,f i n a n ci a l c o n s ul t i n g , ev e r g r ee n na ti o na l b a n ks , n um er o us p r i v a t e banks, mutual funds, car and home loans,e q ui ty m a r ke t a n d o t h er ba n ki ng s er v i c es . S er v i c es a r e m a ny a n d offered by blue chip names of the industry. Most of the companies infinancial segment offer taxation services, project consultancy servicesa n d a l l t h e s e r v i c e s o f w i d e f i n a n c i a l g a m u t . Whether it’s taking acar loanor booking your favorite house, going for pe ns i o n pl a n o r g e t t i n g y o u r c h i l d i n s u r e d , n u m e r o u s a t t r a c t i v e financial services are available at affordable COST.Personal banking services have acquired an altogether new meaning.Now customers have multiple choices to choose from. One can find allthe financial services on the internet that are just a call away. What is investment? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment •
85
Study of Inventory Management Investment is the commitment of money or capital to purchasefinancial instruments or other assets in order to gain profitableA
bhisekMitra, U408001 3
86
Study of Inventory Management
87
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Balance sheet as on December 31,2008
Particulars
Schedule
96
Amt.
Amt.
Study of Inventory Management Sources of funds Shareholders fund Capital Reserve & Surplus Loan Funds Unsecured Loans Deferred Tax Liability(Net) Application Of Funds Fixed Assets Gross Block Less-Depreciation Net Block Capital Work- in – Progress Investments Current assets, Loans & Advances Interest accrued on invest. Inventories Sundry debtors Cash & Bank Balances Loans & Advances
1. 2.
207930 2459495
2667425
TOTAL
411421 31944 3110790
3.
4.
2689828 1355803 1334025 531409 1865434 755443
5.
6. 7. 8. 9.
15822 642908 701656 597091 334989 2292466
10. Less-current Liabilities and Provisions Liabilities Provisions Net Current Assets
1587456 215097 1802553 TOTAL
489913 3110790
Rs. In Thousands [TINR]
Balance sheet as on December 31,2009 Rs. In Thousands [TINR] 97
Study of Inventory Management
Particulars Sources of funds Shareholders fund Capital Reserve & Surplus Loan Funds Unsecured Loans Deferred Tax Liability(Net)
Schedule
1. 2.
Amt.
207930 2911632
3119562
TOTAL
397990 142721 3660273
3420018 1575590 1844428 134224
1978652
3.
Application Of Funds Fixed Assets Gross Block Less-Depreciation Net Block Capital Work- in – Progress Investments Current assets, Loans & Advances:Interest accrued on invest. Inventories Sundry debtors Cash & Bank Balances Loans & Advances
4.
5.
6. 7. 8. 9.
Amt.
560067
25371 579979 814046 687554 582762 2689712
10. Less:-current Liabilities and Provisions:Liabilities Provisions
1426257 141901 1568158 TOTAL
Net Current Assets
GOODS RECEIPT NOTE Bosch Chassis Systems India Ltd. 98
1121554 3110790
Study of Inventory Management N.H.6, Bambhori, Jalgaon-425001. No.DateDirect Material Delivery Challan: No. & Date Purchase Order: No. & Date Excise Invoice: No. & Date L.R. /R.R.: No. & Date Gate Entry: No. & Date Rec. Location Item Code & Description
Unit
Challan Qty.
Received Qty.
Challan Cases
Recd Cases
Accepted Destroyed Rejected Rework Scrapped Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty. Qty.
Stores Remark: Q.C. Comments:
Cleared On: Paid On Receiving Insp. Sign Stores Sign Sign
Stores Sign
99
P.V.No: P.V.Amt.: s P.V.Date: Sign Due D/N Date: Amt.:
Study of Inventory Management
100
Study of Inventory Management Name & Address Of Mfg. NO.: Bosch Chassis Systems India Ltd. N.H.6, Bambhori, Jalgaon-425001. DATE: CHALLAN-ANNEXURE-2 For movement of inputs of partially processed goods under rule 4(5) (a) of cenvat credit Rules, 2002 from one factory to VENDOR CODE: another Factory for further processing/operation. Sr.N ITEM CODE & o DESCRIPTION OF GOODS
UN QUANTI IT TY
VAT TIN: CST TIN: REGN. NO.: MTL SENT THRO:ROAD CATEGORY:RETUR NABLE RATE/UNI AMOUNT REMARKS T
Date: Nature of processing/Mfg. Expected duration of Time of Issue: Required to be done: processing/fgr.:180 days Factory /Place of processing/Mfg.: Place: Date: 1 Date and time of dispatch of finished goods to parent factory/another Manufacturer and entry No and date of receipt in the in processing factory. 2 Quantity dispatched (No’s, /weight/liter/meter) and entered in . 3 Nature of processing /Manufacturing Done 4 Quantity of waste material returned to the parent factory or cleared for home consumption Invoice No. and date. Quantum of duty paid(Both figure and words) Place: Date: Name of the factory and Address. Signature Of Processor PART 3 (To be filled by parent factory in duplicate of challan or receipt of goods from processing factory ) For Bosch Chassis Systems India Ltd. 101
Study of Inventory Management
Authorized Signatory Certified that I/We have received the goods removed under the above challan No. FOOT NOTE/REMARKS: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: Please acknowledge receipt of returning acknowledgement Copy RECEIVED ABOVE MATERIAL IN GOOD CONDITION: Duty signed within seven days of receipt at your end. No complaint will be entertained after seven days.
102