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VHI3HSYVANO IHCNVY

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SEVEN MOKSHAPURIS AND THBEE PRINCIPAL

s'arrt pegruad

T)

c

India Map

Five important sacred places of S'iva-worship, in South lndia

are collectively called "Pafrcabhuta-Kshetras." These five are specified as of Prthvi (Earth), Ap" (Water), Vdyu (Air), Tejas (Fire) and Akas'a (Ether). Kdnci is Prthvl-kshetra. Tiruvanaikoil (near Tiruchirapatli), is "Apa-kshetra. Tiruvannamalai (in North Arcot Dt.) is Tejas-kshetra and Chidambaram (in South Arcot Dt.) is Akds'a-kshetra. Kdlahasti (in Andhr,a Pradesh) is Vayu-kshetra.

In consonance with, Kahci being regarded as Prthvi (Earth) kshetra, the S'lva-linga in the Ekimrandtha temple - the principal S'lva temple of KSfrcipurarn - is of sand and covered with a metal rnade cover.

I sruJolur Brlupl-tulqslplgqpn aql'e,sope}BJgt{E 1o seqild-lllP,S lsoruolol orll lo auo sp Lcggy ;o 4eads slxol etlsg/S eJluel

'souuqs lAaO lo uotlon.t1suoc oql qltrn 0ul;eep uaq/n - ol peJolal st ,,eiqsoleutgy lo apoul aL{1, "a'! - ,,a{qs1en urpipln eiqso>1eurEry,, olelcop (gg uo[cas '1 eslal) ',eJgseupy1, se qcns 'e4sp,g-edl!,S lo sIJoM 'sa;dural BA!,S ut (unlcues aq1) uaqn ,eiqsoleug),, ptonn aql esn rAaO lo ace;d eqg 6ur1eclpul ''o1a ,eLue0y eunrpy ',eute6y

euqslls,

f

t

aLll e),;!l slxal eure0y

'pourrqsuo eql Jo l^ec Surprsard eql ereq^\ sl lrs lqs{qrug) elurlpul ,{pro (u-*D ,uijo4eruu;1, ,grc lcgq{ ;o lods lu8n;rrluec aIR"(11c '(tp4sueg) ..eiqso4Bug),, spro/y\ aql oculs ocuereJJlp 1ucl1cerd ou sr eJeW lng '..\ulrndurguqso{Bug),, sB puu ..y1rndp1tqso{stus),, sB lleds sr ',.rypndyio{sug),, pro/t\ oql suolsuocoJ ureqJou aql Jo eruos uI ,,' Qt

n g o fiqtuul) s o tto K tlto Kundqqow wo {t{4 o-3 uo tt1, g i wptoaprtos D) wua^Qx wr.1!eX tuynQialoueX,, -:(efugqqqellPn

;o fueluauruloc ,rutqpoqns, oql Lll!/n euglnd aql lo uolltpa aL{} u! pue suorlrpa nbn;el pue uJoll}nos ut) snql sunl aslon aql ',,und{o>1eulgy,, se Lcggy ol slalal euprnd eleneOpqg polelqalac oql lo Epuels X lo teldeqg lsL/ aLll lo aslo^ qynol aql

'lo uo[uau appul ole rcgg) le acupued ut uar! {;oq utateql '(ecueuad 6urop suosrad) sulnsedel lo lsll e ssnt6 Buplnd oules eql lo 99 raldeqg lo LZ aslon 'Lcgp1{ o} a6euu01td s,esprA4 e0eg ol ocuaralar e sr aloLll 'euprtn6 eAailue>1rpy1 ,pyques-qr.IJn, lo n uo[oas 'lV leldeq3 ul

oLll

lo

'4aO 1o ecer6 aq1 0u;ugelqo rol acueuad. (s,ptdng) s,er4leuupy\

pue eA!,S pro'1 spJe/nol acuBuad 6uo1 s,tt{slpulgy lAsO t{l!l pelplcossp s! Leggy 'sabes pup qetlsalac lol leuorilauu! aurll ruoll ecueued lo aJlusc e uoaq seq uretndrcggy

of 'three pithas as the foremost of the 108 S'akti-pithas of the country. They are the Kdmardja Pltha at Kdffci, the other two

being at Jdlandhara and Kdmar0pa. Saubhagya Cintdmani, another Tantric work points to Kdff'ci as the abode of the 'Akas'a- Pitha" of Devi.

The Sanskrit word 'l(Affci', when used as a proper noun means the name of the city of KAffc'i. When used as a common noun, the word signifies a girdle - i.e. a belt-like, metal rnade (silver or gold) ornament worn by wornen around the abdomen, just above the hips. In Tamil language, the word 'Kafrci', means the hook lng the two ends of the girdle known as "Odydfam". When the girdle is worn, this hook, will naturally touch the navel spot of .the one who wears the ornament. Even like this, lGfici city is regarded as the "Navel of the Earth". The lGnc.l-mahatmya Purdna refers to lG6cl city as such 'Adhi

bhaut ikamarhho ghnarh nabhisthanafi bhuv ah

pararif'

(Ch. 31, Vene-70). llGmakshi Vilasam', a section of the Markandeya - navel of the Universe.

Purhna points to Kafici as the "N-abhisthdnam"

(VideChaptersX&XD.

The 'Kafrcipurafiffi', written in Tamil, by S'ivajfrana Munivar refers to the ether in the bila (cave), inside the temple of S'ri Kdmdkshi, as 'the atmosphere pervading the navel of Mother earth encircled by the sea".

"

gtlcoedaruna

3'r6t-tr't-etr

uyiq

c-@leion,-

gtrirtr rflalanil

q(ryJrf

Gilatoflutnu$,sg1tit,

fraaeuraffiy:#?*u

The 'Meru Tantra' alsg speaks of Kdnci .the Earth".

u_*,16 _ 31)

city. as the "Navel of

't

'/nou llrl ureuol soop os pue lsed eq1 ut [lEppueurepuol ;o firc lerqc aql uaaq seq ',,Blen,selelne{les,, sB u/v\oul ebur;ent,g e Ourtruqsue eldtuel eA!,S . e rlll/'A pue Hlaqeleletnelqeg , ouJeu Jaqloue sl!" Llu/n .r{uo. l3ggy 'plpul r{lnos lo (uol6er lcau) urelepueuppuol aLll ol slaloJ {lqeqord e4nde{1eg salels Jnol anoqe aLll lo lsel aql 'aldur3 uefuneyl aql lo qlnos palenlrs - erlnder{Ies pue (ereqg) erlndelerey 'e{pue4 'plor{C - surop6utl luopuedepul Jno} o} slo}al '(lerefng) leuJlg te.punol 'plosv 'loladu3 ue/funey1 aLll lo A 'oN lclp3 XcoH

'qyp3 oLll lo lods ;aneu etll lsourp seldncco Lcggy lo r{1!o or.ll lpr.ll /noqs llt/n pUoM aql lo deu leqlnuzv aql le ecue;6 V 'r{poq oLll lo Ued pr}uac aql anoqe alpll p A;1e)eue0 sl ,{poq ueunq aLl} u! 'laneu aq} leq} palou aq ol st ll 'alaudsruag

ulelse;1 aLll lo arluac aql ur ({lq6nol) palen}ls st Lcgp) lpr{l olels o1 ledord aq {eu U '6ul>1eads {lpclqderboeg

f

Rdmdnujdcdrya, the founder of Vis'ishtddvaita sampraddya, born at Sriperumpudur, near KSffclpuram had his early education under Yddavaprakds'a, at Kdfrc.ipuram. Rdmdnuja had been doing devotional service to Lord Varadardja, in the temBle at Vishnu K6frc.i. Further it was only at Visnu Kdfrci that Rdmdnuja

entered the ascetic order. Only in mid-life, he left Kdfrci for Srirangam

Vedinta Des'ika and Pillai Lokdcdrya, respective foundeis of

the Vadakalai (northern sect) and Tenkalai (southern sect) sampraddyas of Vaishnavism were nativ€s of, Kdficl and residents of the city for long years. The S'aivite monk JfiSnaprakasa, founder of the Tondaimandalam S'aiva Siddhdnta Math, belonged to Kafrcl. Pattinattadigal too spent some years at Kdfrci.

Great scholars, in Sanskrit, flourished in Kafrci from very early times. The first wetl-known Pallava ruler Simha Vishnu, is said to have brought the Sanskrit poet Bhdravi to his court. Mahendra I, thp Pallava king, himself an erudite scholar, is the author of the celebrated Sanskrit farce, 'Mattavildsa Prahasana'. Dandin, author of .the Sanskrit Rhetoric 'lGvyadars'a', has adorned the court of Raiasimh? Pallava who ruled at Kdfrci from 685 to 705 A.D. Mayura lGvi, is said to have cornposed the poem 'S0ryas'atakam', of 100 verses at Kafrci and lived in Kanci for some decades. Dharmapdla, a native of Kaffc.l has been a pfeceptgr at the Nalanda University Amongst the great Tamil poets who have been associated

with K6frcipuram, Kacchiyappa S'ivdcdrya, a priest of

the the 'KandapLrranami author of in Tamil, (1625 A.D.), based on the Skanda Purdna in Sanskrit. Out of the 13000 verses of this work, the last section of 2,600 verses'is ascribed to Kacchiyappa's pupil, Ndndvarodaya Panddram, who has spent rnany years with Kacchiyappa at Kdfrc'i. Another famous poet of 17th century, who

Kandakottam temple at Kaffcl for

a long period, has been

*

6

able; Apard e sq aldtual slql"utelndtcgpy 6lg u! Bqlpuerulg)'13 U,S lo a;dure1 aql s! euo lueuodurl pue lualcue lsoul aql 'A!c aql lo sa;dua1 BA!,S eq1 Ououlv 'Lcggl ul se uaas eq 'sa;due1 lo Jaqunu a6tel e qons uec 'Plpul ul asle ar-aq/nou sdeqta6 's9),|!leLle aql u! sluapnls lo sputssnoql ol tq6ne1 uoaq anpq sellsq,S pue epon oql lo (saqcuerq) seqle,s luoJa#p aql ile leLll spanol JsLlUnl uolleullolul lectqdet6td3 .uerndrcggx

qder0tda ue ul lno 1o a;duel pulnlo6 eiun4len aql ul punol pelulod s! ,.o.v Lg/ u! ssalonsst patp e^elled ple^soruejed uot{/n 'senpllpd eql lo ou4 pJalelloc e lo uerurcl e{uett;-1 }o uos '('O'V C6Z-te/) eneled ueullen lpueN 1o Auowelac uolleuoloc otll u! '1cg9).lp 'p),;!ieLlg aL{} lo soleuiu! aql ;o uoqedlcged oql 'l.cggy lE pllieL{e eql }o luaulLlsllqelsa-al eql o} sralar '(npeN llulel ''lO loclv tluoN) uueAelpdtnlan le punol B^elpd uerurc^lpueN eAe[14 lo saultl aql ]o qderorda uv ',,suaz!]!c luauttuoJd,, ''e'! ,,seue[gqey1,, sB pgeX ]e 9I!]eLl5l e ]o sa]eulul aLl] ot .lriod '1cgp) tp eqlpuesplley 1o a;dual aLll ,to edeiueulPtleyU aLfl lo re11rd e uo uotldt.tcsul uV 'fu2 a6ed-1114'lon-eclpul eilqder6ld3 oplN '6ulutea; lo soqcuErq lle ul aope;mou>1 6urute11e lol ueuue,seloan ':eqceal s!t4 L.lll/n 6uo;e '1cgPX yed lB pllieqg aql palalua ''o'V oge ot 9?8 txoJi 'uecceg aq1 ;o roteur aql lo^o palnj oqrn 'A1seu{p equrppe) aqi lo lalnl Apee ue (ueuile1 ern{ey1) upule,s etn{ey\ }Pq} sa}e}s 'Ple}Erlley lo lculsrp ebourlqg oLll ut eiun6epl le 'eJeA,sotuPJBd U,S lo a;dugal aql ut uotlducsut uV ',,spll!ieqO,, 'sB uA oul uaoq aneq qolqn 'spllseqs pue sepan lo [pnls pacuenpe Jol suo[nl!]su! qt!/n acuautruo fueta1t; lo o.t1uao e sB pol'{sunop ser't r{l!c ;-cgEX

:,ruptuppnselo1l4 S,ertecg1p4ue,s lo uollplsupll llulpl e 'pue 'rueurgpnoelugpan'lueutg1t,s - Blugqppls,',le1ae;e69llnqqeld, orp sllo/n u/noul-lle/n slq lo euos 'pauo6lq uaaq la4ou seq 'a1rnte,S qcunels e qpnoqt 'e,sp>letden!,S 'llonlaunlll le palecnpa senn aH 'P,se),leldent,g s! 1_cg9y lo an[eu B uaaq seq

Ekamranatha Ternple

--- Rajagopurarn

one, with lofty towers and a number of subshrines and a large tank inside. The Kaildsandtha temple, situated a little removed from the centre of the city, built mainly by Rajasimha pailava and

4

Kamakshi Temple with Gold Vimanam 10

IL

leroads e sr aroLll 'Lcggx lo Atc aql lo sllulll leuorlrperl eql u!ql!/l e^!,s ;o sa;dual aql lo auou u! leql 4ou>,1 o1{qyorn st 1; 'a1dure1 lqs)1gulEy U,S lo unlcues aql optslno lsnl uoos sr (seyneuqslen lo sp,sape{nrp ggt aq}.1o euo) lenpy lo ouuqs aq1 'q6noua {;snounC 'p}nppnppugd pue ,e,sglerdedeag

'uplelloql€ 'Jgpuepleln lo asoql ere se;dual nuqstn olqelou Joqlg 'acuallocxa ;ern1d;ncs pue plnlcaltqcle sl! Jol palou sr (tuernd!_cggy 6E) ';prurnla4 eqjun>1rc1 1o aldural oql aJrru4uo Jauul

-

*

eldura; ulerupurul

'ICOJ

oq] uo unlcues aLll aptslno lle/n e uo punol ,(slanoc lanlrs pup plo6 qlrrvr peranoc) splezll o/v\ lo sarnld;ncs aql {q palenledrad sr 'efetgpplpn 1o ecel6 aql aslnc aql lo paall uaaq Ourneq ',sp;eztl olut paulolsue;l 1o6^q oqr'n 'suoruop o/v\ lo puaOal aq1 'a1dua1 aql lo slle^ aql uo saulll luala#p 1o sqderblda 1o JaquJnu lspn e sl a;aq] pue sarnldlncs luallacxo ut spunoqe a;dure1 aLlI 'a1dua1 a6re; slql aplsu! sautlqs-qns lelanas alp alaql 'IcoJ e uo palecol sl 'efelgpele4 lo autllls aql .]soutolo] aql s1 'e[eppe;en LJ,S lo e;dua1 eq1 'salduro] nuLlstn aq1 Ououry 'sauo luepodut jaqlo aJe elpn,srio>1e{un6 pue 'eJeA,salpne{1eg 'elpA,soJeLlelpnl' ,!tpl ue}upleuo 'pren,sadel{ccey lo sa;duei aql .s6ullured pup san4d;ncs puerb sl! Jol palou st 'rossaccns pup uos slq {q pala;duroc

mUlasthdna (sanctum) for Devi, nor a rntrlavigraha (stone icon of worship) of Devi. The principal seat of the Paras'akti, is the temple of Devi Kamakshl, in the centrai part of the city, known as "Karnakottarn". Adiyarku Nall6r, an erudite, Tamil scholar, has written a commentary on 'S'ilappadikaram; one of the five great classics of Tarnil literature. According to the verdict of erninent historians, the gloss of Adiydrku Nallar on S'ilappadikaram is a very "learned and eloquent commentary, rernarkable for its extensive and instructive citations from numerous old works now lost." The commentator has quoted a verse in his preface to the gloss. which verse, he characterises as 'oan old song" {"ugxb unt-at.") The quoted verse attributes the success of Karikala t grrst half of second century A.D.) in his northern expedition upto the Himalayas, to the grace of the S'dstamr"rrti, the guardian angel of the Kamakottam, the abode of the Devi whose hands are adgrned with bangles i.e. Devi Kamakshi. This verse evidentiy points to the remote ancientness of the temple of S'rl Kamakshl. There are subshrines of Kalvar, Vis'vandtha, Annapurani, Sarasvatl, Adi S'ankara etc. inside the temple. The Acharyas of the Kamakoti S'ankaracarya Math, at Kafrci, are the hereditary trestees of the temple. lt is noteworthy that during the times of the present Acharyas, the tower over the sanctum of the temple, has been plated with go!d, a gotd chariot has been made for processions of Devi during festival days, besides a number of additions by way of ornaments for the deity such as sahasranama garland rnade of gold etc. . There is a special temple for Sri Subrahrnanya (Kumara) known popularly as Kandakottam, in the west Rdjaveethi of Big Kdfrcipuram, Among the many shrines dedicated to S'ri Ganes'a, the temple of Sanku-pani Pillaydr (murti of Ganes'a with conch in hand) is a noted one, (situated near Ulakalanda Perumal temple) as also the shrine of Vikatachakra Vindyaka inside the temple of Sri Ekdmrandtha.

subshrine with

a

The Kdmakoti S'ankardcdrya Math is one of the

oldest

Advaita maths of Bhirat with a historical background of about 25 centuries. Founded and presided over by Adi S'ankara and later by a long successive line of ascetic and learned pbntiffs, this 12

t

et

'>1rom slq ur 'serpeyl lo A1sleruul aLll lo r{qdosogtq6 lo JossaloJd Jaullol e 'fu1seg eueAeleuefung 'S'S ',,!eggy pue und 'qlEulrpeg e>lergng 'rJaburJ,g le asoLll 6uraq ururo01 Isaq aql'plpul ;o syed luaJegp ur seqleul lo raqunu e papunol (e.re>1ge,S) aH,, -:(01? ebed '996! - uo!l!p3 lll 'l.B6L '9261 uo!l!p3 qunoJ 'BZ, a6ed) ,elpul r.llnos go fuo1srp, s!r.l u! suorleruasqo butnnollol aLll apeul seL{ (arosAyl 'I6o1opul }o rossatror6) U}seS pluplepN 'V) '!3gqy le eLllld aql s! anrl osaLll lo auo leql pue lueuruldpard puels anr; uraQl Ououre pue (saceld luaraglp le) e{eftnOrp s!r.l lo asrnoo aql 6uunp seqird teranas papunol eJeIue,S leql palels seq 'anoqe palou ,r1e[gburnsnleqeLlg, alues aLl] o] pa]nqrl]uoo ']rJISueS ur al3rue ue ur '(Alrsranrun egnoleC aql lo eluepan lo Jossalold Jeurlol

e)'lrlsgs euL{srlle}ueuV'S'N

*t s

e{eAqpedoqeuJeLley\ a}B-l

'Be6 L - ure0uerlS 'ssald selln luen {q palurrd - uor}oas qsr10u3 - llefg?ulnsnle]leLlg 'L a0e6) ,,'6urqcea] slr.l lo arn]Bo1 ;erOalur ue sr salu lo o3ueurlopad anp 1eq1 efuecy aq1 {q plaq /v\atn aLll lo lootd raL1pn} e sr ssaulln} s}l lle u! Aepol ua^a sar1ap aq} lo drqsloan aLll uo furec srossacons slq aJaqAA ''c1a ua0ulls 'lrloggy alr! saceld te drqsror'n lo sleas lo luauLlstlqelsa aLlL, :uagurrn seq (usot Zt6L) qieyV lre6uu,g 1o efuecy 'lLllpiv\S llergLlg eJeLfIa,selpueC U,S alel aLll ol paluasald 'ge[qe_utnsn4eDleqg, a.qt ul alorpe ue ur 'Alrslanrug peqel,lellV aql lo Jolla3ueqc -a3!n raluro,t e (eAeAqpedoqeueqeyl1) eLlf qleue6ueg 'rO '(lcggX 1e) ataql eqleu e paqsllqelsa osle pue r6>letley 1[or1 ur eJXeolr,S pa]elcasuoo (ere4ue,g) nrng

!J,S

lo

(Oz-1n olueg)

I

tt Qn3t$ng EP l-)lhlhhllel b eh

:Ln Qf, :Ibblhlbu( l')rhlhhrld

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-gpedleneOeqg srq ur unseueuLlsxel e{e{qpedoqeueqey!

;,$?L"it

en, s c B,, L"J l? 3F",:t a u o s 'fulunoc aql la^o ;p sa;drcslp pue saalonap ol aoelos lenyrrds 10 alluac p sr uotn1lsul aUJeIue,S

known them today. He propounded the theory of absolute Monism i.e. the Advaita, non-dualistic school of Philosophy, combated the dectrines of Buddhism and Jainism and re-established the religion of the Vedas and the Upanishads. According to tradition, he inaugurated several mutts or seats of learning in the four corners of India, namely Sringeri (Sharada Peeth) in Mysore, the Kamakoti Feetha in Kanchi in the South, Badrinath in the Himalayan region ir' the North, Jagannath or modern Puri in the East and Dwaraka in western Gujarat". (vide page 10 of the Report), In the English translation, made by Sri Lakshmi Datta Dikshit (Fellow of the Punjab University) of 'The Age of Shankariwritten in Hindi by Vidyabhaskar Udayavir Shastry, and published by the Vriianand Vedic Research Institute, Gaziabad (1981), references

are madg to the institutions established by Sankaracarya.

In

page 35 of the work the following remarks are found:-

"A number of Mathas in the name.of the founder Acharya were established in iater years. But the Kanchi Karnakoti Peetha is as old as the other main Mathas". In pages 48, 49 it is stated "A study of the litera.ture on the life of the Acharya makes it qlear that after establishing the'four Mathas, the Acharya did stay at Kanchi Kamakoti for some years. This was towards the end of his life." Mr. William Cenkner, Professor of the History of Religions, in

the School of Religions of the Catholic University of America, Washington D.C. irr his work, 'A Tradition of Teachers: Sankara and the Jagadgurus of Today' (Published by Motilal Banarsidas,

-

1983, reprinted 1984) - writes; "Sankara reorganised Hindu ascetical life along monastic lines by establishing mathas

Delhi

to propagate Sanatana Dharma and the Advaita tradition. Tradition establishes the major mathas at Sringeri, Kanci, Dwaraka, Puri and Badrinath". (Part ll Chapter VPage 109)

The Kalyan, a premier Hindi periodical published by the Gita

Press, Gorakhpur (U.P) issued a special number called 'Trthank', in January 1957. In this issue, the name of the monastic institutions established by S'ankara are mentioned under two categories. Under the category named as 16

\ ,\

LI

lqt ,t arnld;ncs eJelue,S V 'puels e uo ),looq e pue e6ut;ent,g e (>tstqm) ereurec e 'ellarqun ue '(lassan ralel 11erus) eieulO punol are efuecv aql ;o atnDrl aql punory 'agdtual eqleueruelS oq] aprsur lpueN a6nq aql lo lsea-Lllnos 'eAr,g lo ourlLls-qns lleus atl] aloloq re11rd e lo acel ]uorl alll uo punol sr efuecy aql lo arnld;ncs elrsrnbxa uy 'efuecelelue,S 1o aOeur auols lleuri e sr alaql'oste aurrqs slr.ll ul 'e,saueg rol aurJL{s leuJs e sl alaL{l '!3ggy ur a;dtua1

,

eren,salruglj aL{t o} aouel}ua ureu oLl} }o aprs i1a1 aLl} uO 'uaas aq ol sr erelu,S lo uorleluasardat petnld;ncs e osle araql aldtuag eren,sadeccey aql spuels aldual lSlgulgy aql lo lsan -r.llnos aql o1 0uopnl-p-IeLl lnoqv 'punol sr eirnldlncs pJeIue,S e uralaqi 'tueiboleleun) se ul oul Apelndod

'epuels 1o eldual aLl] s! a;dural l6>lgurgy aql reau fuan 'rsletrte) nreOueg pue jllsleurgy eneslolle1 aql lo sauuqs aL{} ur uaas aq ueo BJeIVe,S }o saDeutt auo}s 'a;dure1 aues srq} u; 'drqsron Altep ul s! ll 'lsl?urgy r^og lo unroJoues aql lo aprs ulalsea-qpou aql ol delueu lletrs pasrel e uo 'efuecerelqe,S lo uocr azrs-a,rl E sr alol.ll !cgg) 1o eldual lsIgLUg) ar.ll ul 'punole salru 0utlsrxa seldual ur osle lnq punol aje se:n1d;ncs q3ns !cgg) ut Aluo loN '!D,le,S ro nubrn 'pn!,S ol poleorpap 0uraq JlaLli lo anrl3adsaltt saldual luepodur lle lsourle ur punol a:e Aaql'tanoaloyysasod lualagp lo a:e Aaql 'saprsag 'lleus ale aulos pue a0te1 ale saOeut auols asal1l lo auos 'Alrc eql 1o sa;drua] aLll ur A;lsotu punol ale solnldlncs asaql '{ep srql o} uaas aq o} are eArecelplue,S sarnld;ncs snoroulnu !ogg) lo ,{ltc par3es aL.ll ul U,S

lo

Y

!cg_B) u! saJnldlncs e/lrccvtelue,s 'efiecercIqe,S Aq paqsrlqelsa suorlnltlsur anll aLll lo auo se polou sl logg;.tr le qley\ efuecerelqe,S aLll - e{ne>,;e,suJennlne uaOurl,g aql lo i arnal e - ,'snJng sl! pue Llle17! r:a6ut.r,g eq1- olll] aLll rapun (S t a0e6) 826 t reaA aUt rol arosAyl lo luauyeda6 pcr6olaeqclv aql lo yodag lenuuv aql ul 'eqiaad rfo>leurey aLll lano Gulptsatd s,eArecere)49e,S

lo

\

s>1eads (tO) eueuerseqeseAqng aq1 'eJeIue,S Aq.papunol

suorlnulsur lueyodutt aql lo auo se pa1o sr eqlaad lloleuley lcgg) aql 'seqlrd eueqperd egrdeqls elgnp efuecelexqle,S

pose of performing penance (standing) along with a Linga, a book and whisks etc., distributed on all sides of the sculpture, is seen by the side of the time honoured sacred mango tree (Mavadi) in the prAkara of Ekamranatha temple. A slightly larger stone image of S'ankara, in a similar penance pose, can be seen in the Vaikuntha Perumal temple in S'iva-Kafrcl. Stucco images of S'anka-ra and VyAsa are seen in the KailasanAtha temple at KAfrci._ln a sculptural in the lravAttanes'vara temple at Kafrci one can see by the side of Daksinam0rti (in the centre), images of the old sage VyAsa and S'ankara chiselled as a young boy in his early teens. In the Varadaraja temple in Visnu-KAfrci, in a pillar of _the mantapam before the shrine of Mahadevi, the images of Vyasa showing, one finger, as if denoting the Advaita concept and S'ankara standing near, have been chiselled. In the four-pillared mantap, to the south of the Anantasaras tank in the same temple, there is _a sculpture of S'ankara in- standing posture. In the Punyakotisvara temple in Visnu-KAfrci there is a stone image o_f S'ankara. In S'ivAsthanam temple, about a mile off Visnu-Kafrci, there is a sculptural , in the wall inside the sanctum sanctorum, portraying,s'ankara as performing dandavandana (obeisance with the danda, the holy staff of ascetics) to S'iva and Parvati.

inside -the sancturn of the Kimakoti S'ankaracarya malh at Kaffcipuram, there is a sculptured image of S'ankara flanked by six disciples. In a yillage called S'evilimedu, sorne five kilometres away from Kaffci and even in distant places such as PAppAncavadi, Poonamallee, Tiruvottiy0r (near Madras) there are S'ankara sculptures in the important

On the wall

temples of those places.

The Acdrya Parampara of the Kafrci S'arlkaracarya Math (The AcAryas of this Math belong to the Indra-sarasvati order)

1. S'ri Adi S'ankara BhagavatpadAcarya 3. S'ri Sarvajfiatman 2, rrrr $'gJ'"t'Vafa

4. -" Satyabodha

5. "" JfrinAnanda 18

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54. S'ri Vyasacala Mahadeva

55. S'ri Candrach0da

56. "" Sarvajfra Sadas'iva Bodha

57.

58. ," Vis'vidhika Atma Bodha

59. "" Bhagavannama

uu

Paramas'ivendra

Bodhendra

60. "" AdvaitatmaprakAs'a 61. ,t,, MahAdevendra 63. ", MahAdeva 62. u,, QspdJssekhara 65. r,rr $gd23'5'ana MahadeVa 64. u,' CgpdJgs'ekhara 67. "" Mahadevendra 66. ",, Qs16llss'ekharendra 68. S'ri Candras'ekharendra Sarasvati (1907

' 1994)

This Acarya became the 68th head of the Peetha, in his 13th

year in 1907. He toured extensively from Cape Comorin to VArAnasi. He was a versatile scholar in S'astras, arts, and modern sciences as well. He was well versed in many of the Indian languages and in some foreign languages too. He was extolled as a 'Living God' by the vast mass of his devotees. He shone as the greatest spiritual luminary of this century. Many a

foreign schola,r and thinker who had met him and had long interviews with him, have recorded _their appreciation of the erudition and saintliness of this Great Acarya. He started various trusts for the study of the Vedas and the S'Astras and for the good of priests of Temples, etc. He attained eternal bliss at KAfrci on 8th January of 1994.

69. S'ri Jayendra Sarasvati Initiated into the ascetic order by the illustrious 68th Acarya in 1954 and nominated as his successor, Sri Jayendra Sarasvati has toured almost throughout India. He has visited Nepal twice at the request of the King of Nepal. This Acarya has founded a number of institutions and trusts for the welfare of the poor and

weaker sections of society. This Acarya too has taken in a successor by name S_ankara Vijayendra Sarasvati, some ten years ago. The young Acarya (70th) is assisting his preceptor in the activities of the Math and in the proper functioning of the various religious and charitable trusts established by his preceptor and grand - precePtor.

20

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lo

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S'ankaracharYa sculPture on a pillar in front Mayanees'vara shrine

3. 4. 5. 6.

Vellakkambar Kallakkambar Nallakkambar Agastees'vara -

I f )

|

of

All three found in the first

prdkira (Precinct) of Ekdmrandtha temPle.

ln the southern side of I Prdkdra, Ekdmrandtha Temple.

7.

Ashtottaras'ata linga:-I

B.

Mdrkandes'vara

9.

Mattala Madhaves'vara

10.

Ashtottaras'ata Linga (II)

(1OB small lingas in one) west side of I Prakara,

-

Ekdrnrandtha TemPle. of I Prakara - in north sideTemPle. Ekdmranitha

-

of I Prdkdra - in north sideTemPle. Ekdmranatha (108 small lingas in one)

in south-west corner of I prdkara of EkdmranAtha

-

Temple"

11. Sahasra (1000) Linga

-

in north-west corner, of II

prdkara in

EkimranathaTemPle'

22

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-

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23.

Manmathes'vara

- in south bank of

Sarvateertham Tank.

-

16 stripes)

in the west bank of Sarveteertham Tank.

25.

l(as'iVisvanatha

-

26.

Davales'vara

-

27.

Gangadhares'vara

-

28.

Javantees'vara

-

29. 30. 31. 32.

Kankanes'vara

- in Chinna Kammala - in Kammala street. - in Kammala street,

24.

Hiranyes'vara (Linga with

Katakes'vara lravdsthanes'vara

Piiavdsthanes'vara (also known as 'Apunarbhaves'vara')

33. Muktes'vara (I) 34. Edir Veerattanes'vara '35. Mahalinges'vara 36.

Arunacales'vara

in the west bank of Sarvateertham Tank. (There is Mukti Mandapa inside) in the west bank of Sarvateertham Tank.

in the west bank of Sarvateertham Tank. inside Agricultural Farm near Pancupettai. street.

situated to the west of Vellaikulam (Tank).

- in Kammala street. - in Kammala street. - in Appa Rao street. - in south bank of Vellaikulam (tank).

37.

Veerattanes'vara

- in the east bank of Vellaikulam (tank) associated with Chakkiya Nayandr.

38.

Rudrakoteesrwara(I)

situated on the road to Konerikuppam

level crossing.

-

off RailwaY

24

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53, lGcchapes'vara:-

in the temple at the junction of Nellukaran street with West Rajaveethi associated with the legend of the suppression of

H?13',.;"0fix?J:5ving

Yn",?llil;"x'fr..3l ?r" celestials and demons churned the ocean for obtaining nectar.

54. rshtasiddhees'vara

*Sr";:ftT.?1""i:ffii"tX;,"n

il-A;h;p"t;uut"

55. Amares'vara

s6 rravates,vara 57. Mahas'6stes'vara

58. Asastees,vara

(rr):-

it'to. ss

above).

T,S?:L" :?11il:lii:'pre or

;j[3J3il"1

Pallava times, in West Rdjaveethi. - in West_Rajaveethi - near Vanniyar Choultry.

ffi[fi

J,8JJ:

Agastya

to the south (inside Upanishad Brahmendra Kailasandthar TernPle

:.

Yulh), Road.

59. :' lGilasandtha

- enshrined in a large

temPle built mainlY bY Rajasimha Pallava and completed by his son, noted for its sculptures, stuccos nd paintings.

60. lGlahastees'vara -

in Tirumerrali street, Pillaydrpdlayam.

61.

Anddi

- Rudres'vara - in Nadu street, Pillaydrpdlayam.

26

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'?9

'e9

EJeA/seqsIPo '29

* near Kali Temple, west of

75. Mahd Kdles'vara i

Sri KAmdshi Temple.

76. l(annees'vara

-- in Sengazhaneer Odai Street.

77. Mohinees'vara 78. Budrakotees'vara (IIf

- (near No. 76 above). - in Sengazhaneer, Odai street,

79. Trikdta Jfrdnes'vara 80. Siddhes'vara 81. Virupakihes'vara

- inside bus stand compund. - in Kam araiar street - at back of Keeraimantapam in

Valathees'varan Koil Street.

82.

- near Kavatan gate - in Valathees'varan Koil street.

Valathees'vara I

83.

l'Gnikandes'vara

-

in Kar:ukkinil Amarndaval

-

in Mettu Street.

Koil street.

84.

Nagares'vara ll

85.

Indresvara

86.

Mandales'vatra (Mandanes'vara)

Linga with 16 stripes behind Kailasandtha tempte.

- situated in a garden in front of Narayana Ashram, near Kachapes'varar Mdda Veethi - (formely known as "Mandana Mishra

Agraharam').

87,

- l-inga with 32 stripes, in the palm grove behind

Jayantes'vara

'

Kaildsandtha temple. ,t

88, Mallikdrjunes'vara (ll)

-

89.

-

Mallikavanes'vara

in the garden behind the church in Konerikuppam. in a flower garden, Konerikuppam.

'29

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risrorn rtq ;esr nc

s,pJPn,so),1!puEN LUoJI

paarl rob Odineq'isp,h abeg Llltn poletcosse uerndrcggy

olull 'laojls lqueN Irlcoplnltl alrsoddo lealls lptus e u! -

PJen,soalglue,s-esgAl '96

'1-uerndLcggy ,'peoH lr,lpuBg

'enoqe 96 'oN aprsur -

Plen/sopnjeg

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Ppuol nddrrn>11n11 lo ssrlq leurele

aul, rlun paletcossE

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ro)

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ur e;dua1 P,seleJd-edeag ellsoddo euuqs llerus e ur palen1s -

eJpn,saaledlpv

"26

E-- urerndaaqcggy) paJB lcgEIB !,S eql u! polpn]ls - sa;dtue1 pouurlsua ere o^oqe (tO o1 1 urorl) se6ur;-en!S t6 or{-b'g'/V

ur

Blpn,saqlnuJscged '06

(>lue! ure;h>1re11an lo apts aql Aq punou e uo palpnils -

e)en,senstn 'i.6

'eldura1 Irls),lgutgy 1o (lculcerd) Blgxgrd Jamo eql u!

-

:

Vasishtes'vara

99.

situated near No. 98

(above). 1

00.

101

.

Manikanteslvara Vishakantes'vara

l

both inside a srnall temple in Tirukkacchi ) Nambi Street, Little Kdfic'ipuram

102.

Punyakotees'vara

- in a temple south-east of Chetty street, Little Kdfrcipuram.

1

03.

Phanimanees'vara

- in Ayyangarpdlayam, Little Kdffclpuram.

Varadarajes'vara

- situated on the west of ' Vegavati river on the road to Tenampakkam village from Little Kafrcipuram.

105.

Kis'yapes'vara

-

106.

Atrees'vara

- inside compound of

1

04.

on the way to Pachayappa's Women's College, Little Kdfrcipuram.

Pachayappa's Women's College, Little Kdfrclpuram.

107.

Tdntonrees'vara (II)

stands under an As'vatha tree in front of Vydsas'dntdleesvara temple (No. 98 above) in Little Kdffclpuram,

30

t8

'soslnd pue slnu-punol6 '{pped se qcns 'spnpold ;ern1;ncu6e rol aJluoc 6ur1e1rcur e osle sr firc aq1 'sarlarcos enrleredo-oC ,sJaAeaM lo Jaqtunu e ,{q spoob parnlcslnupur t[r/n pa] arp ,taql 'firc aq1 ut lstxa 'scuqe; Ills to suraped ;p buuelec sdoqs lo Jaqunu e6le; r{perd V 'laIJEu entsuelxe ue aABq !_cgpy ;o spoo6 uono/rl-Ills aql 'eJ3 ueflsur{c oql lo saunluec r{;rea fuen aq1 ruorl ('1g locry r4nos) ulEuBIIElBy\ pue ('p rnnefueq, reqnd lo syod eq qbnorql trerndLcggy rrorl pue (rlpdeltqcnll ur) rnrro111 [!oJl BulL{c ol puB saulunoc uralsan ol scuqP} uouoc ouu lo

Uodxa aql palou onpLl suerlolsrH 'sourl {;rea ,{ran uroll saulsnpul buneern - ),ll!s pue atrlxol slr Jol snor.lel uaaq seq firc ;c!p)

'ueos sr saBrap aql ol acuesraqo 6ur^ed ereIUB,S rpv uS pue (o,W eq1 'uaanqaq ur) 'uedeueg puP Lleru9d'eJeA,satue.led u/s 1o sarnbrl aLll Utyn leued

.

prnldlncs e '(e6url-E^!S oL{l putqaq) 'urnlcue$

or.ll lo lprn-Iq aLll lo acBpns aprsur or.ll uo

'pouad Blor.lC {;ree eLll lo (1ueqdele 6urAl e;o edeqs etil ur elLlside[eg) edl{1 pp;sdy aql lo.

-

sr e;dure1 aql

aql 1o

lo eugurn

'(LcgEX nuqsrn

qpos) ue1>1gdueuel ;o e6egpn aql ol !ogp;1

nuqsrn uorl Oulpeaf peor etfl uo 'e1dura1 lleus B u! e6ur; s!r,{t pourJrlsue

s

Plen,sooJndetuqerg

'gO

L

Kdffcipuri stands unique in several respects, as an important lndia with a glorious past. Strenous efforts are on the anvil for restoring this divine city to its ancient and prestine glory, especially in the cultural, spiritual, literary, educational and social spheres, under"the guidance of the revered Acharyas of the ' Sankaracharya Math (Sri Kdmakoti Pitha) of K6frci.' The initial steps such as acquiring adequate land for the construction of a Studium Generate of the type of the ancient Ghatikds, provision of water facilities etc. have been already taken up and worked out satisfactorily. An arts and science

city

o1

college, (as a nucleus of the wide scheme) has been already started and is being run. Because of the large extent of space needed for the scheme, an extensive campus on the outskirts of Kanchi 'city, has already grown, for housing the educational institutions, multi-purpose and multi-lingual library etc.

Front vlew of Srl Sankaracharya Math at Kancheepuram

With the willing co-operation of devotees of Adi Sankaracharya, all over India and abroad, the planned restoration of Kanchi to it's ancient greatness and glory will surely be.a fait accompli by the'time of the birth centenary of the Jagad guru, the great Sage Ach.arya of Kanchi in the near future. 32

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