Timeline Of Philippine History 3s6x2u

Timeline of Philippine history From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This is a timeline of Philippine history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Philippines and their predecessor states. See also: History of the Philippines See also: List of the oldest schools in the Philippines See also: list of Presidents of the Philippines This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries. Centuries: 9th · 10th · 11th · 12th · 13th · 14th · 15th · 16th · 17th · 18th · 19th · 20th · 21st

10th century Year 900

Date

Event Reference End of prehistory. Laguna Copperplate Inscription, the earliest known Philippine document, is written in the Manila area in Kawi script. Rise of Indianized Kingdom of Tondo around Manila Bay.

11th century Year

Date

1000 1001

Event People from Southern Annam called Orang Dampuan establish trade zones in Sulu Song Shih document records tributary delegation from the Buddhist Kingdom of Butuan on 17 March.

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12th century Year 1175

Date

Event Kingdom of Namayan reaches its peak.

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13th century Year 1240

Date

Event Tuan Masha'ika, an Arab, travels and introduces Islam to Sulu.

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14th century Year 1380 1400

Date

Event Karim Al-Makhdum arrives in Jolo and builds a Mosque. Birth of the Baybayin, Hanunoo, Tagbanwa, and Buhid scripts from Brahmi.

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15th century Year 1457

Date

Event Sultanate of Sulu founded by Sharif Al-Hashim.[1]

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16th century Year 1500 1521

Date

16 March 28 March 29 March 31 March 7 April 27 April 1525 1526 1527 1529 1536 1543

Event Reference Rise of Kingdom of Maynila under the Bolkiah dynasty Ferdinand Magellan lands on Homonhon with three small ships, named the Concepcion, Trinidad and Victoria. Magellan calls the place the Arcigelago de San Lazaro since March 16 is the feast day of Saint Lazarus Magellan reaches the Philippines Blood Compact between Magellan and Rajah Kulambo of Limasawa The first mass on Philippine soil is celebrated. Magellan meets Rajah Humabon of Cebu and enters into another Blood Compact. Humabon and his wife are baptized into the Catholic Church. Magellan is killed by Lapu-Lapu in the battle of Mactan. Spain sends an expedition under Juan Garcia Jofre de Loaysa to the Philippines. The Loaysa Expedition failed Spain sends another expedition under Juan Cabot to the Philippines. The Cabot Expedition also failed Spain sends a fourth expedition under Alvaro de Saavedra to the Philippines. Saavedra's expedition returns to Spain without Saavedra who died on the way home. The Loaysa expedition returns to Spain. One of its survivors is Andres de Urdaneta, its chronicler. Spain sends a fifth expedition under Ruy López de Villalobos to the Philippines. The Expedition succeeds Villalobos arrives in the Philippines and names the islands of Samar and Leyte as Las Islas Filipinas in honor of the crown prince of Spain, Philip of Asturias

2 February 1565 13 Miguel López de Legazpi arrives in the Philippines with four ships and 380 men February 8 May Legazpi established the first permanent Spanish settlement in the country Philippines was governed as a territory of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. 1567 Dagami Revolt (1567) The Portuguese, under the command of General Gonzalo de Pereira, attack Cebu 1568 and blockade its port. 1570 The Portuguese again attack the colony and are repulsed. May Legaspi sends an expedition under the leadership of Martin de Goiti to Manila. 1571 19 May The ruler of Manila, Rajah Suliman, wages war against the Spaniards Legaspi establishes the Spanish Colonial Government in Manila and proclaims it 24 June the capital of the colony Legazpi dies and Guido de Lavezaris succeeds him as Governor-General (15721572 20 August 1575)

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1574 23 November 2 December December 1575

The Chinese pirate captain Limahong attacks Manila but fails

Limahong again attacks Manila with 1500 soldiers but again fails to defeat the Spaniards Lakandula leads a short revolt against the Spanish. Ciudad de Nueva Cáceres(later renamed as Naga City) established by Captain Pedro de Sanchez 25 August Francisco de Sande appointed Governor-General (1575-1580) 1579 Diocese of Manila established 1580 April Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñaloza appointed Governor-General (1580-1583) King Philip II of Spain becomes King of Portugal, ending the Portuguese harassment of the Philippines The Spaniards institute forced labor on all male natives aged 16 to 60. 1583 10 March Diego Ronquillo appointed Governor-General (1583-1584) August A great fire destroys Manila 1584 16 May Santiago de Vera appointed Governor-General (1584-1590) 1585 Pampangos Revolt (1585) 1587 Conspiracy of the Maharlikas (1587-1588) 1589 Revolts Against the Tribute (1589) 1590 Missionaries from the Society of Jesus established the Colegio de Manila in Intramuros. 1 June Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas appointed Governor-General (1590-1593) 1592 Miguel de Benavides's Doctrina Christiana in Chinese published 1593 Doctrina Christiana in Spanish and Tagalog published October Pedro de Rojas appointed Governor-General (1593) 3 Luis Pérez Dasmariñas appointed Governor-General (1593-1596) December 1595 Diocese of Manila raised to an Archbishopric Diocese of Nueva Segovia established. Diocese of Caceres established. Diocese of Cebu established. Colegio de San Ildefonso founded in Cebu 1596 Magalat Revolt (1596) 14 July Francisco de Tello de Guzmán appointed Governor-General (1596-1602) Colegio de Santa Potenciana, the first school for girls in the Philippines, 1598 established 1600 Pedro Bucaneg inscribes the oral epic Biag ni Lam-ang

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17th century Year 1600

Date

Event Reference The Dutch attacks the archipelago in a tactical offensive during the European war between Spain and the Netherlands Bandala System is formed by the Spanish Colonial Government

The Galleon trade between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico begins. 1601 Igorot Revolt (1601). 1 August Colegio de San Jose is established 1602 Chinese revolt of 1602 May Pedro Bravo de Acuña appointed Governor-General (1602-1606). Cristóbal Téllez de Almanza appointed Governor-General (1606-1608) by the 1606 24 June Audiencia Real. 1608 15 June Rodrigo de Vivero y Velasco appointed Governor-General (1608-1609). 1609 April Juan de Silva appointed Governor-General (1609-1616). University of Santo Tomas established as the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del 1611 28 April Santísimo Rosario (later renamed the Colegio de Santo Tomas). 1616 19 April Andrés Alcaraz appointed Governor-General (1616-1618) by the Audiencia Real. 1618 3 July Alonso Fajardo de Entenza appointed Governor-General (1618-1624). University of Santo Tomas, then known as Colegio de Nuestra Señora del 1619 Santissimo Rosario, recognized by the Holy See. Colegio de San Juan de Letran established as the Colegio de Huerfanos de San 1620 Pedro y San Pablo. 1621 The Colegio de Manila raised to the status of a University and renamed as the Universidad de San Ignacio by Pope Gregory XV. Tamblot Revolt (1621-1622) Bankaw Revolt (1621-1622) 1624 Jeronimo de Silva appointed Governor-General (1624-1625) by the Audiencia July Real. July Fernando de Silva appointed Governor-General (1624-1626). 1625 Isneg Revolt (1625-1627) 1626 29 June Juan Niño de Tabora appointed Governor-General (1626-1632). University of Santo Tomas, then Colegio de Santo Tomas, authorized to confer 1627 degrees by Pope Urban VIII. 1632 Lorenzo de Olaza appointed Governor-General (1632-1633) by the Audiencia 22 July Real. Colegio de Santa Isabel established 1633 29 August Juan Cerezo de Salamanca appointed Governor-General (1632-1635). 1635 25 June Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera appointed Governor-General (1635-1644). 1639 Cagayan Revolt (1639) Universidad de San Felipe de Austria established as the first Public University in 1640 the Philippines 1643 Universidad de San Felipe de Austria closed down Ladia Revolt (1643) 1644 11 August Diego Fajardo Chacón appointed Governor-General (1644-1653). 1645 The Colegio de Santo Tomas raised to the status of a university and renamed as University of Santo Tomas by Pope Innocent X, upon the request of King Philip IV of Spain. Zambales Revolt (1645) Pampanga Revolt (1645)

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1647 1649 1653 25 July 1660

Dutch besieged the Spanish in the Battle of Puerto de Cavite. Sumuroy Revolt (1649-50) Pintados Revolt (1649-50) Sabiniano Manrique de Lara appointed Governor-General (1653-1663). Zambal Revolt (1660) Maniago Revolt (1660) Malong Revolt (1660-1661) Ilocano Revolt (1661) Chinese revolt of 1662

1661 1662 1663 8 Diego de Salcedo appointed Governor-General (1663-1668). September Tapar Revolt (1663) 28 1668 Juan Manuel de la Peña Bonifaz appointed Governor-General (1668-1669). September 24 1669 Manuel de León appointed Governor-General (1669-1677). September 1677 21 Francisco Coloma appointed Governor-General (1677) by the Audiencia Real. September 21 Francisco Sotomayor y Mansilla appointed Governor-General (1677-1678) by the September Audiencia Real. 28 1678 Juan de Vargas y Hurtado appointed Governor-General (1678-1684). September University of Santo Tomas placed under Royal Patronage by King Charles II of 1680 May 12 Spain. 1681 Sambal Revolt (1681-1683) 1684 24 August Gabriel de Curuzealegui y Arriola appointed Governor-General (1684-1689). 1686 Tingco plot (1686) Alonso de Avila Fuertes appointed Governor-General (1689-1690) by the 1689 April Audiencia Real 1690 25 July Fausto Cruzat y Gongora appointed Governor-General (1690-1701).

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18th century Year

Date

Event

8 Domingo Zabálburu de Echevarri appointed Governor-General (1701-1709). December 1709 25 August Martín de Urzua y Arismendi appointed Governor-General (1709-1715). 4 1715 Jose Torralba appointed Governor-General (1715-1717) by the Audiencia Real. February Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda appointed Governor-General 1717 9 August (1717-1719). 1718 Rivera Revolt (1718) 1719 11 Archbishop Francisco de la Cuesta of Manila becomes acting Governor-General October (1719-1721). Caragay Revolt (1719)

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1701

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1721 1722 1729 1739 1744 1745

1750 1754 1759 1761 1762

1763

1764

1765

6 August Toribio José Cosio y Campo appointed Governor-General (1721-1729). Colegio de San Jose conferred with the title Royal. 14 August Fernándo Valdés y Tamon appointed Governor-General (1729-1739). July Gaspar de la Torre appointed Governor-General (1739-1745). Dagohoy Rebellion (1744-1829) 21 Archbishop Juan Arrechederra of Manila becomes acting Governor-General September (1745-1750). Agrarian Revolt (1745-1746) 20 July Jose Francisco de Obando y Solis appointed Governor-General (1750-1754). 15 May Mt Taal emits magma and destroys the towns of Lipa, Sala, Tanauan and Talisay. 26 July Pedro Manuel de Arandia Santisteban appointed Governor-General (1754-1759). June Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta appointed Governor-General (1759-1761). Archbishop Manuel Rojo del Rio y Vieyra of Manila Manilaappointed GovernorJuly General (1761-1762). Silang Revolt (1762-63) Palaris Revolt (1762-1765) Camarines Revolt (1762-1764) Cebu Revolt (1762-1764) British forces looted and plundered many of Manila establishments through the so-called Rape of Manila. 22 British fleet entered seizes Manila Bay as part of the Seven Years War September 5 October Manila fell under the British rule; start of the British occupation. Simón de Anda y Salazar appointed Governor-General (1762-17614) by the Real 6 October Audiencia. Provisional Government established in Bacolor, Pampanga with de Anda as dictator. 2 The British East India Company commissioned The Rt Hon. Dawsonne Drake November became the first British governor-general of the Philippines until 1764. Dabo and Marayac Revolt (1763) Isabela Revolt (1763). 10 Treaty of Paris implicitly returns Manila to Spain. February Deaths of Gabriela Silang, the only Filipina to have led a revolt, and her husband 28 May Diego. de Anda hands over the control of the colonial government to Francisco Javier de 17 March la Torre, newly appointed Governor-General (1764-1765) The last of the British ships that sailed to Manila leaves the Philippines for India, 11 June ending the British occupation. Royal Fiscal of Manila Don Francisco Léandro de Viana writes the famous letter 10 to King Charles III of Spain, later called as "Viana Memorial of 1765". The February document advised the king to abandon the colony due to the economic and social devastation created by the Seven Years' War. The suggestion was not heeded. 6 July José Antonio Raón y Gutiérrez appointed Governor-General (1765-1770) Governor Raon orders the minting of parallelogramic-shaped coins called barrillas, the first coined minted in the Philippines.

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1769 23 July 1770 July 1771

The Society of Jesus in the Philippines is expelled by Raón after receiving a dated later from Charles III's chief minister Don Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea on March 1, 1767. The Jesuit's Properties are confiscated by the Spanish Colonial Government Simón de Anda y Salazar appointed Governor-General (1770-1776) Moro pirates traveled all over the country and raids many fishing villages in Manila Bay, Mariveles, Parañaque, Pasay and Malate.

9 Parishes secularized by order of King Charles III of Spain. November 30 1776 Pedro de Sarrio appointed Governor-General (1776-1778) October 1778 July José Basco y Vargas appointed Governor-General (1778-1787) Real Sociedad Economica de los Amigos del Pais de Filipinas (Royal Economic Society of Friends of the Philippines) introduced in the Philippines to offer local 1780 and foreign scholarships and professorships to Filipinos, and financed trips of scientists from Spain to the Philippines Bishop Mateo Joaquin de Arevalo of Cebu establishes the Colegio-Seminario de San Carlos(later renamed as the University of San Carlos) from the old building 1783 of the defunct Colegio de San Ildefonso, which was closed down in 1769 after the suppression of the Jesuits. 1785 Lagutao Revolt (1785). 20 May University of Santo Tomas granted Royal Title by King Charles III of Spain. 22 1787 Pedro de Sarrio appointed Governor-General (1787-1788) September 1788 Ilocos Norte Revolt (1788). 2 April Birth of the greatest Tagalog poet from Bulacan Francisco "Balagtas" Baltazar. 1 July Félix Berenguer de Marquina appointed Governor-General (1788-1793) 1 Rafael María de Aguilar y Ponce de León appointed Governor-General (17931793 September 1806) 1774

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19th century Year Date Event Reference 1805 Nueva Vizcaya Revolt (1805) 1806 7 August Mariano Fernández de Folgueras appointed Governor-General (1806-1810) 1807 Ambaristo Revolt (1807) French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte installs his brother Joseph Bonaparte as 1808 May King of Spain. 22 King Joseph Bonaparte gives Filipinos Spanish Citizenship and grants the colony 1809 January representation in the Spanish Cortes 1810 4 March Manuel Gonzalez de Aguilar appointed Governor-General (1806-1813) 1812 19 March The Spanish Cortes promulgates the Cadiz Constitution 24 The first Philippine delegates to the Spanish Cortes, Pedro Perez de Tagle and September Jose Manuel Coretto take their oath of office in Madrid, Spain. 1813 4 José Gardoqui Jaraveitia appointed Governor-General (1806-1816) September

1814 1815

1816

1822 1825 1828 1830

1835

1837 1838

1841 1843 1844 1849 1850 1852 1853 1854

17 March The Cadiz Constitution implemented in Manila 16 Napoleon is defeated in the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig October Octoberr British General Duke of Wellington drives the Napoleonic forces out of Spain Ferdinand VII proclaimed as King of Spain; Conservatives return to the Spanish Cortes 18 June Napoleon is defeated in Waterloo 15 Napoleon is exiled in St. Helena's Island October Cadiz Constitution is rejected by the conservative government and Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes is abolished 10 Mariano Fernández de Folgueras appointed Governor-General (1816-1822) December 30 Juan Antonio Martínez appointed Governor-General (1822-1825) October 14 Mariano Ricafort Palacín y Abarca appointed Governor-General (1825-1830) October Earthquake strikes Manila destroying many of its buildings 23 Pascual Enrile y Alcedo appointed Governor-General (1830-1835) December Manila is opened to the world market 1 March Gabriel de Torres appointed Governor-General (1835) 23 April Joaquín de Crámer appointed Governor-General (1835) 9 Pedro Antonio Salazar Castillo y Varona appointed Governor-General (1835) September Chamber of Commerce is formed 27 August Andrés García Camba appointed Governor-General (1837-1838) Manila is made an open port. 29 Luis Lardizábal appointed Governor-General (1838-1841) December Florante at Laura is published. 14 Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri appointed Governor-General (1841-1843) February 17 June Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre appointed Governor-General (1843-1844) 16 July Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa appointed Governor-General (1844-1849) 26 Antonio María Blanco appointed Governor-General (1849-1850) December 29 July Antonio de Urbistondo y Eguía appointed Governor-General (1850-1853) 4 Glowing avalanche from Mt Hibok-Hibok. December 20 Ramón Montero y Blandino appointed Governor-General (1853-1854) December 2 Manuel Pavía y Lacy appointed Governor-General (1854) February 28 Ramón Montero y Blandino appointed Governor-General (1854)

October 20 Manuel Crespo y Cebrían appointed Governor-General (1854) November 5 1856 Ramón Montero y Blandino appointed Governor-General (1856-1857) December 12 1857 Fernándo Norzagaray y Escudero appointed Governor-General (1857-1860) January 1859 Jesuits return to the Philippines Jesuits takes over the Escuela Municipal and establishes the Ateneo Municipal 1860 12 Ramón María Solano y Llanderal appointed Governor-General (1860) January 29 August Juan Herrera Dávila appointed Governor-General (1860-1861) 1861 2 José Lemery e Ibarrola Ney y González appointed Governor-General (1861February 1862) Jose Rizal, Philippines' National Hero is born. Escuela de Artes Y Oficios de Bacolor established as Asia's oldest vocational school. 1862 7 July Salvador Valdés appointed Governor-General (1862) 9 July Rafaél de Echagüe y Bermingham appointed Governor-General (1862-1865) 1863 3 June An earthquake leaves Manila in ruins 1865 University of Santo Tomas made the center for public instruction throughout the Philippines by royal decree of Queen Isabella II of Spain. Observatorio Meteorológico del Ateneo Municipal de Manila (Manila Observatory) established by the Jesuits 24 March Joaquín del Solar e Ibáñez appointed Governor-General (1862-1865) 25 April Juan de Lara e Irigoyen appointed Governor-General (1862-1865) 1866 13 July José Laureano de Sanz y Posse appointed Governor-General (1866) 21 Juan Antonio Osorio appointed Governor-General (1866) September 27 Joaquín del Solar e Ibáñez appointed Governor-General (1866) September 26 José de la Gándara y Navarro appointed Governor-General (1866-1869) October Colegio de Santa Isabel established in Naga by Bishop Francisco Gainza, OP of 1867 Nueva Caceres, through the royal decree of Queen Isabella II of Spain. 1869 17 Suez Canal opened November Colegio de Santa Isabel inaugurated as the first Normal School in Southeast Asia 7 June Joaquín del Solar e Ibáñez appointed Governor-General (1866) 23 June José de la Gándara y Navarro appointed Governor-General (1869-1871) 1871 The Gabinete de Fisica of the University of Santo Tomas established as the first Museum in the Philippines. The Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the University of Santo Tomas is established as the first schools of Medicine and Pharmacy in the Philippines. 4 April Rafael de Izquierdo y Gutíerrez appointed Governor-General (1871-1873)

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1872

200 Filipino soldiers stage a mutiny in Cavite. 17 Priests Mariano Gomez, José Apolonio Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (together February known as Gomburza) are implicated in the Cavite Mutiny and executed. 1873 8 January Manuel MacCrohon appointed Governor-General (1873) 24 Juan Alaminos y Vivar appointed Governor-General (1873-1874) January 1874 17 March Manuel Blanco Valderrama acting appointed Governor-General (1874) 18 June José Malcampo y Monje appointed Governor-General (1874-1877) The Colegio de San Jose incorporated into the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy 1875 of the University of Santo Tomas. 28 1877 Domingo Moriones y Murillo appointed Governor-General (1877-1880) February 1880 20 March Rafael Rodríguez Arias appointed Governor-General (1880) 15 April Fernando Primo de Riverae appointed Governor-General (1880-1883)(1st Term) Manila is connected through telegraphic cable Europe by Eastern Telecom. Two shocks of an earthquake create destruction from Manila to Santa Cruz, 18 July Luguna. Tremors continue until Aug 6 1882 3 March Jose Rizal leaves for Spain to continue his medical studies 2 June Jose Rizal begins writing the Noli Me Tangere(novel) 1883 10 March Emilio Molíns becomes acting Governor-General (1883). (First Term) 7 April Joaquín Jovellar appointed Governor-General (1883-1885) 1884 Required forced labor of 40 days a year is reduced to 15 days by the Spanish Colonial Government. 21 June Rizal finishes his medical studies in Spain 1885 1 April Emilio Molíns becomes acting Governor-General (1885). (First Term) 4 April Emilio Terrero y Perinat appointed Governor-General (1885-1888) 1887 29 May Noli Me Tangere published. October Rizal starts writing the El Filibusterismo The Manila School of Agriculture is established. 1888 10 March Antonio Molto becomes acting Governor-General (1888) Federico Lobaton becomed acting Governor-General (1888) Valeriano Wéyler appointed Governor-General (1888-1891) 10 La Solidaridad established December 1891 28 March Rizal finishes writing El Filibusterismo in Biarritz, El Filibusterismo published in Ghent, Belgium Eulogio Despujol appointed Governor-General (1891-1893) 1892 26 June Rizal arrives in the Philippines from Europe via Hong Kong 3 July Rizal forms the La Liga Filipina 7 July Rizal is arrested for establishing the La Liga Filipina 17 July Rizal is exiled to Dapitan 1893 10 March Federico Ochando becomes acting Governor-General (1893) Ramón Blanco appointed Governor-General (1893-1896) 1894 8 July Bonifacio forms the Katipunan

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1896

1 July 6 August 19 August 23 August 26 August 30 August

2 September 3 October 4 October 6 October 31 October 13 November 20 November 13 December 30 December 1897 22 March 15 April 23 April

Rizal is recruited as a physician for the Spanish Army in Cuba by Governor Ramon Blanco Rizal returns to Manila from Cuba The Katipunan discovered by the Spanish Colonial Government. Katipuneros flee to Balintawak Revolution is proclaimed by Bonifacio at the Cry of Balintawak. Katipuneros tear up their cedulas Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto and other Katipuneros board Rizal's ship to Barcelona. They offer his rescue but Rizal refused Revolutionary Battle at San Juan del Monte. Governor Ramon Blanco proclaims a state of war in Manila, Laguna, Cavite, Batangas, Pampanga, Bulacan, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija. Rizal Boards the ship Isla de Panay for Barcelona Rizal arrives at Barcelona Rizal is imprisoned in Montjuich by order of Capt. Gen. Despujo Rizal returns to Manila as a prisoner A new group of the Katipunan is formed in Cavite headed by Emilio Aguinaldo Rizal arrives in Manila and incarcerated in Fort Santiago Rizal is interrogated for charges against the Spanish Colonial Government Camilo Polavieja becomes acting Governor-General (1896-1897) Rizal is executed at Bagumbayan

The Katipunan holds its election. Emilio Aguinaldo is elected as president José de Lachambre becomes acting Governor-General (1897) Fernando Primo de Rivera appointed Governor-General (1897-1898) Katipuneros arrest Andres Bonifacio and his brothers Procopio and Ciriaco on 29 April orders of Aguinaldo with sedition and treason before a military court of the Katipunan. 8 May The Katipunan convicts and sentences Bonifacio brothers to death Andres Bonifacio and his brothers are executed at Mt. Buntis, Maragondon, 10 May Cavite. Aguinaldo establishes a Philippine republican government in Biak-na-Bato, San 31 May Miguel, Bulacan. Aguinaldo begins negotiating with the Spaniards colonial government in Manila 10 August with Pedro Paterno as representative. 15 August A 7.9 intensity estimated earthquake hits Luzon's northwest coast 1 Constitution of Biak-na-Bato ratified November 14 Pact of Biak-na-Bato between Aguinaldo and Governor Primo de Rivera signed December 27 Aguinaldo is self-exiled to Hong Kong following the Pact of Biak-na-Bato

December 1898 8 The Katipunan is revived by Emilio Jacinto and Feliciano Jocson February 11 April Basilio Augustín appointed Governor-General (1898) The US government promises in exchange for his cooperation. Aguinaldo 24 April agrees 26 April The US declares war on Spain. 1 May Commodore George Dewey attacks Manila 19 May Aguinaldo and his companions return to the Philippines from exile Aguinaldo proclaims a dictatorial government and issues two decrees which show 24 May his trust and reliance in US protection 12 June Aguinaldo proclaims Philippine Independence 23 June Aguinaldo changes the dictatorial government to revolutionary government. 15 July Aguinaldo creates a cabinet 15 July The Malolos Congress in established 17 July US reinforcements and troops arrive in the Philippines. 24 July Fermín Jáudenes becomes acting Governor-General (1898) 13 August Francisco Rizzo becomes acting Governor-General (1898) 13 August Wesley Merritt appointed Military Governor (1898) 14 August The Spanish surrenders to the US after at mock battle of Manila 29 August Elwell S. Otis appointed Military Governor (1898-1900) September Diego de los Ríos becomes acting Governor-General (1898) 15 The Malolos Congress meets and elects its officers. September Spain and the US sign the Treaty of Paris. Article III provides for the cession of 10 the Philippines to the US by Spain and the payment of 20 million dollars to Spain December by the US. 21 US President McKinley issues the Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation December 1899 20 US President McKinley appoints the First Philippine Commission, known as the January Schurrman Commission 21 The Malolos Constitution is promulgated by Aguinaldo. January 23 The Malolos Republic government is inaugurated. Aguinaldo takes his oath of January office as President. 4 Hostilities break out between the Filipino and US forces. February 6 The US Senate ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Spain February 4 March The Schurrman Commission arrives in Manila 6 May Aguinaldo creates a new cabinet 20 May Aguinaldo's moves face opposition from Apolinario Mabini and Antonio Luna 5 June Antonio Luna assassinated 1900 21 The Schurrman Commission returns to the US. January

16 March

US President McKinley appoints the second Philippine Commission, known as the Taft Commission Arthur MacArthur, Jr appointed Military Governor (1900-1901) The Taft Commission arrives in Manila

5 May 3 June 23 Partido Liberal established December

20th century Year 1901

1902

Date

Event Reference The Army Appropriation Act, also known as the Spooner Amendment, is 2 March ed by the US Senate. 23 March Aguinaldo is captured by US authorities. 1 April Aguinaldo takes an oath of allegiance to the US. 17 June El Colegio de San Beda established 4 July Adna Chaffee appointed as the last US Military Governor (1901-1902) A civil government is established in the Philippines with William Howard Taft 4 July as the first Civil Governor (1901-1904) 18 July The US organizes the Philippine Constabulary Silliman Institute, later known as Silliman University, is established as the first 28 August American university in the Philippines September The first Filipino of the second Philippine Commission are appointed 27 Guerillas, headed by the Filipino Captain Daza, attack the US military barracks September in Balangiga, Samar 28 Balangiga massacre occurs September A U.S. Marine battalion arrives on Samar to conduct the March across Samar 20 October operation 4 The Philippine Commission enacts the Sedition Law November 14 An earthquake estimated of magnitude 7.8 shakes Lucena City. December The first labor union of The Country, Union de Litografose Impresores de January Filipinas, is organized. The Philippine Commission calls for the organization of Public Schools in the 21 January Philippines. 30 March The US Marines leave Balangiga 16 April General Miguel Malvar surrenders to the US forces Governor Taft negotiates with Pope Leo XIII the sale of the friar lands in the May Philippines July Philippine Commission es the Philippine Organic Act 1 July Cooper Act is ed by the US Senate. Philippine Assembly is established Americans proclaim the end of the Philippine-American War, however fighting 4 July continues [16][17] 17 Pope Leo XIII formally bestows a Pontifical title on the University of Santo

1903 1904

1905 1906

1907 1908 1911

1913

1914 1916

1917 1921 1927

1929

1930 1932

September Tomas 12 Bandolerism Act ed by the Philippine Commission. All armed resistance November against US rule are considered banditry Governor Taft enunciates the policy of The Philippines for the Filipinos 1 February Luke Edward Wright appointed as Civil Governor (1904-1905) The Manila Business School is renamed the Philippine School of Commerce 19 October (later the Polytechnic University of the Philippines). 3 Henry Clay Ide appointed as Civil Governor (1905-1906) November 20 James Francis Smith appointed as Civil Governor (1906-1909) September 3 St. Scholastica's College established by the Benedictine Missionary Sisters of December Tutzing 3 June Centro Escolar University established as Centro Escolar de Señoritas. 30 June First Congressional Elections held 18 June The University of the Philippines is established in Manila. 27 January Mt Taal erupts, and kills 1,334 people De La Salle University-Manila is founded as De La Salle College by the 16 June Brothers of Christian Schools. 28 Tricentennial of the Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas December 1 Newton W. Gilbert appointed as acting Civil Governor (1913) September 6 October Francis Burton Harrison appointed as Civil Governor (1913-1921) Iglesia ni Cristo (largest independent church in Asia) is ed to the 27 July government. 16 October The Jones Law is ed establishing an all-Filipino legislature Manuel Quezon elected Senate President while Sergio Osmenna is elected as 16 October House Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of the Philippines 11 January The first cabinet of Filipinos under the US regime is organized. 10 March Ambos Camarines Dissolved; Split into Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur. 5 March Charles Yeater appointed as acting Civil Governor (1921) 14 October Leonard Wood appointed as Civil Governor (1921-1927) 7 August Eugene Allen Gilmore appointed as acting Civil Governor (1927) 27 Henry L. Stimson appointed as Civil Governor (1927-1929) December 23 Eugene Allen Gilmore appointed as acting Civil Governor (1929) February 8 July Dwight F. Davis appointed as Civil Governor (1929-1932) 30 The Communist Party of the Philippines is formally established November 9 January George C. Butte appointed as acting Civil Governor (1932) 29 Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. appointed as Civil Governor (1932-1933) February

[16][17]

20 June

Adamson School of Industrial Chemistry (ASIC) later known as Adamson University was founded by George Lucas Adamson

The Communist Party of the Philippines 26 is declared October illegal by the Supreme Court 1933 1934

1935

1941

1942

Frank Murphy appointed as the last Civil Governor of the Philippines (19331935) The Tydings-McDuffie Law, known as the Philippine Independence Law, is 24 March approved by US President Roosevelt. 202 delegates are elected to the Constitutional Convention in accordance with 10 July the Tydings-McDuffie Law 30 July The Philippine Constitutional Convention is inaugurated 8 February The Constitutional Convention creates a new constitution 15 The Philippine Constitution is signed February 14 May The Philippine electorate ratifies the Constitution in a referendum 17 Manuel Quezon elected President in the first Philippine Presidential elections September 15 The Philippine Commonwealth is inaugurated November 15 The Office of Civil Governor is abolished November 11 Manuel Quezon re-elected as President November 8 Start of the Japanese Invasion of the Philippines December 20 President Quezon, his family and the war cabinet move to Corregidor Island December 26 General MacArthur declares Manila an open city December 28 Filipino and US armies retreat to Bataan December 30 Manuel Quezon takes his oath of Office at the Corregidor Island December 2 January Japanese troops enters Manila 3 January Masaharu Homma appointed as Japanese Military Governor (1942) General Masaharu Homma declares the end of American Rule in the 3 January Philippines 3 January Martial Law declared All forms of opposition against the Japanese forces declared subject to death 13 January penalty 15 July

23 January 17 February 20 February 11 March 13 March 29 March April 9 April 26 May 8 June 14 June

1943

1944

1945

An executive committee, composed of Filipinos, is formed by General Homma as a conduit of the military istration's policies and requirements. The Japanese Military Government issues an order adopting the Japanese educational system in The Country President Quezon and the war cabinet leave for the US General MacArthur leaves for Australia to take command of the South Western Pacific Area The Commonwealth government is moved to the US The People's Anti-Japanese Army or Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon (Hukbalahap) is organized. A pro-US resistance movement is organized, mainly to provide data to the US on enemy positions Bataan, under US commander General Edward King, is the last province that surrenders to the Japanese armies. Corregidor Island falls to Japanese forces Shizuichi Tanaka appointed as Japanese Military Governor (1942-1943) The Commonwealth of the Philippines becomes a member of the United Nations

30 The Kalibapi is organized by the Japanese December 28 May Shigenori Kuroda appointed as Japanese Military Governor (1943-1942) Japanese Premier Hideki Tojo nominates an all Filipino 20 member 20 June Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence 4 The Philippine Preparatory Commission for Independence drafts a new September Constitution which provides for a unicameral national assembly 20 The 108 delegates to the National Assembly are chosen by the of the September Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence. September Jose P. Laurel elected President of the Philippines by the National Assembly 14 October The puppet government is inaugurated. Laurel takes his oath of office November The Philippine economy collapses, the shortage of rice becomes serious. May The puppet government inaugurates the Green Revolution Movement. Sergio Osmena assumes the Office of the President of the Commonwealth of 1 August the Philippines after the death of Manuel Quezon 21 US forces raids Manila September 26 Tomoyuki Yamashita appointed as Japanese Military Governor (1944-1945) September General MacArthur lands in Palo, Leyte, accompanied by President Sergio 20 October Osmena and US troops The Commonwealth government of the Philippines is re-established in 23 October Tacloban, Leyte 8 Pro-Japanese Philippine generals Pio Duran and Benigno Ramos organize the December Makapilis 4 February US troops enter Manila 22 Hukbalahap troop leaders arrested by the US forces

February 24 February 27 February 3 March

1946

1947

1950 1951 1953

1954

1957

1958

The Battle of Manila ends. The Japanese surrender to the combined US and Filipino troops MacArthur hands over Malacanang Palace to Osmena.

The US and Filipino troops recaptured Manila. The families of pro-Japanese President Laurel and Speaker Aquino leave The 22 March Country for Japan to seek refuge 5 June The Congress elected in 1941 convenes for the first time 5 July General MacArthur announces the liberation of the Philippines 6 August The American forces drop an atomic bomb over Hiroshima, Japan. 9 August The American forces an atomic bomb over Nagasaki, Japan. 15 August The Empire of Japan accepts defeat 12 Jose P. Laurel is arrested by the US army September Manuel Roxas separates from the Nacionalista Party of Sergio Osmena Sr and December s the Liberal Party 20 April Manuel Roxas wins in the last Presidential Election under the Commonwealth The United States recognizes the Independence of the Republic of the 4 July Philippines 30 The Amended Tenancy Act is promulgated. September 28 January President Roxas issues an amnesty proclamation to collaborators 6 March HUKBAHALAP declared illegal President Roxas dies from a heart attack at Clark Air Field; Vice President 15 April Quirino Assumes the Office of President 17 April Elpidio Quirino takes his oath of office as President of the Philippines 8 The Philippine representative to the Far Eastern Commission, Carlos P. September Romulo, signs the Japanese Peace Treaty President Quirino appoints Ramon Magsaysay as Secretary of the Department 31 August of National Defense August The National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) is established 10 Ramon Magsaysay is elected President of the Republic of the Philippines November 30 Magsaysay takes his oath of office December The Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty is signed in Manila, creating the 21 July South East Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) 15 The Laurel-Langley Agreement is signed December President Magsaysay dies in a plane crash; Vice-President Carlos P. Garcia 17 March assumes the presidency 14 Carlos P. Garcia elected President of the Republic of the Philippines November 28 August The Filipino first policy is promulgated

1961

1965

1968 1969

1970 1971

1972

1973

7 December 30 December 9 November 30 December 26 December 29 March

Diosdado Macapagal elected President of the Republic of the Philippines Macapagal takes his oath of office Ferdinand Marcos elected President of the Republic of the Philippines Ferdinand Marcos takes his oath of office A new Communist Party of the Philippines established by Jose Sison Jos Sison formally organizes the military arm of the Communist Party of the Philippines, The New People's Army

7 Ferdinand Marcos re-elected President of the Republic of the Philippines November 17 Elections for 315 of a Constitutional Convention held. November The Constitutional Convention assembles to rewrite the 1935 Constitution. The 1 June Convention elects former President Carlos Garcia as its head. Garcia dies and former President Diosdado Macapagal takes over the top 14 June position at the Convention. 21 August Plaza Miranda bombed during the election campaign of the Liberal Party 22 August President Marcos suspends the Writ of Habeas Corpus Suspicious bombing incidents increase all over The Country . The MNLF launches its campaign for the independence of the Muslim provinces. 21 President Marcos signs the Martial Law Edict (at that time not publicly September announced). 22 Marcos places the entire country under martial law September 23 Senator Benigno Aquino, Jr. is arrested September 23 The implementation of martial law is officially announced September 26 The whole country is proclaimed a land reform area and an Agrarian Reform September Program is decreed. 21 October Marcos es the Tenant's Emancipation Patent 21 October The first major armed defiance of martial law takes place in Lanao del Sur The battle between the MNLF and the government troops ends with the latter 22 October regaining control of the city. 29 The Constitutional Convention es the new Constitution of the Philippines. November Misuari leaves The Country for Libya to solicit armed from Muslim countries for the war in Mindanao. A plebiscite referendum is held among the citizens' assemblies to ratify the new 10 January Constitution The National Democratic Front (NDF), the united front organization of the April Communist Party of the Philippines, is formally organized.

1974

1976

27 July 27 February 1 December 4 January 26 August 16 October 23 December

Marcos' term as President extended by virtue of a referendum Presidential appointments to local elective positions declared legal by virtue of another referendum Jose Sison's essay entitled Specific Characteristics of Our People's War published New people's Army Spokesman Satur Ocampo arrested Kumander Dante of the New People's Army arrested Martial Law allowed to exted by virtue of a Plebicte Tripoli Agreement signed

An earthquake of 7.8 magnitude and a following tsunami (flood wave) kills 8,000 people on and off the coast of Mindanao. The Armed Forces of the Philippines enters into a ceasefire agreement with the 20 January MNLF. President Marcos issues a decree creating the autonomous Bangsa Moro 4 March Islamic Government 10 The P head Jose Maria Sison arrested November 16 A referendum is held, the result of which again empowers the President to December continue in office, and to become Prime Minister as well. Rodolfo Salas takes over the leadership of the Communist Party of the Philippines. 8 April of the Interim Batasang Pambansa are elected. August 21 Benigno Aquino, Jr. assassinated Philippine parliamentary election, 1984 February 6 Philippine presidential election, 1986 EDSA Revolution ousts President Marcos; Corazon Aquino becomes president Philippine legislative election, 1987 Senate rejects renewal of U.S military bases in the Philippines Philippine general election, 1992 (Fidel V. Ramos is elected) Philippine general election, 1995 Asian financial crisis Philippine general election, 1998 (Joseph Estrada is elected) Centennial of Philippines Independence President Estrada declares an "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). President Estrada impeached by House of Representatives 17 August

1977

1978

1983 1984 1986 1987 1991 1992 1995 1997 1998 2000

21st century Year 2001

Date

Event EDSA II Revolution ousts Joseph Estrada; vice-president Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo becomes president EDSA III

Reference

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2009

Philippine general election, 2001 Oakwood mutiny Philippine general election, 2004 (Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo elected to a six-year term) Hello Garci scandal (Legitimacy of declared election winners questioned) A state of emergency was declared in February in response to coup rumours. Philippine general election, 2007 Manila Peninsula mutiny Three International Committee of the Red Cross volunteers were kidnapped by the rebel group Abu Sayyaf Death of former president Corazon Aquino. Great Flood because of Typhoon Ondoy 23 Maguindanao massacre November 2010 10 May

President-elect Benigno Aquino III won the Presidential election, being the 15th President of the Philippines. Inauguration of the President-elect Benigno Aquino III took place, 30 June officially declaring him as the 15th President of the Philippines. 23 The hostage crisis in Manila took place, killing eight Hong Kong August holidaymakers. Typhoon Juan, officially as Typhoon Megi, hits northeastern 16 Luzon at Sierra Madre, creating widespread damage over Luzon. October (to 18 October) December Vizconde Massacre Case Finished.Result Webb's Freedom December Philippine New Banknotes Released The Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro is signed which seeks for the creation of a new autonomous political entity, 2012 15 October Bangsamoro replacing the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao. 9 June

The 2010 Philippine general elections took place.